Y Sanz

..Overall, the results highlighted the need for further characterization of the microbiota in coeliac patients, and suggested a potential role of probiotics and/or prebiotics in restoring their gut microbial balance...

..The purpose of this study was to assess whether the faecal microbiota of coeliac patients could contribute to the pro-inflammatory milieu characteristic of CD and the possible benefits of bifidobacteria...

..In this context, evidence for relationships between the gut microbiota composition and obesity and the possible role of probiotics is reviewed, discussing the strengths and weaknesses of the studies conducted to date...

..This could ultimately define the role of DCs in CD progression...

....

..Samples (30 faecal samples and 8 biopsies) from a control age-matched group of children were also included for comparative purposes. Gut Bifidobacterium genus and species were analyzed by real-time PCR...

....

..Herein, we review recent developments in the design of novel therapeutic strategies to counteract the pathogenic effects of the interactions between gluten peptides and their specific biological targets...

..Remarkably, the features (ii), (iii) and (iv) differ from those previously reported for DppA-His(6), suggesting that DppP-His(6) is a more versatile peptide-binding protein that could have additional functions...

....

..This knowledge is contributing to our understanding of how environmental factors influence obesity and associated diseases, providing new opportunities to design improved dietary intervention strategies to manage these disorders...

..This addendum presents further discussion on the rationale behind these findings, limitations of the study and possible consequences of dietary counselling in the care process of celiac disease patients...

..The potential role of the purified enzyme in the proteolytic pathway by catalyzing the hydrolysis of peptide bonds involving proline is discussed...

..The properties of the purified enzyme, its potential function in the release of arginine, and its further metabolism are discussed because, as a whole, it could constitute a survival mechanism for L. sakei in the meat environment...

..Deeper understanding of these interactions can help redefine how this disorder is investigated...

..Herein, studies are reviewed on the composition of the intestinal microbiota during pregnancy and clinical trials evaluating the effects of perinatal administration of probiotics on different clinical outcomes...

..Herein, an update is given of the mechanisms by which the gut microbiota and probiotics are translocated through the epithelium, sensed via pattern-recognition receptors, and activate innate and adaptive immune responses...

..The differences in the ability to utilize this pentapeptide were not due to differences in expression levels but most likely reflect a different catalytic efficiency in oligopeptide utilization when AppA is used as ligand receptor...

..The intricate regulation of the components of the proteolytic system by peptides and amino acids is discussed in the light of the new and published data...

..Therefore, intestinal bacteria could be additional factors that regulate the ability of monocytes recruited to the mucosa to respond to gliadins and IFN-gamma in CD patients, influencing the course of the disease...

..0, and the K(d) for binding increased 1 order of magnitude for every unit increase in pH. This suggests that the ionization of protein residues (pK > 6.0) in or in close proximity to the binding site is critical in the binding mechanism...

..This calls for a definition of conditions for in vitro tests that better predict the in vivo functionality of probiotic strains...

..To evaluate the effects of a multidisciplinary obesity treatment programme on fecal microbiota composition and immunoglobulin-coating bacteria in overweight and obese adolescents and their relationship to weight loss...

..Therefore, bifidobacteria change the gliadin-derived peptide pattern and, thereby, attenuate their pro-inflammatory effects on Caco-2 cells...

..Whole cells generated greater amounts of free amino acids than the cell-free extracts...

..To identify specific gut bacteria associated with coeliac disease (CD) at diagnosis and after treatment with a gluten-free diet (GFD) in a paediatric population...

..To evaluate the adhesion ability of intestinal bacteria to different in vitro models of intestinal epithelia, and to estimate the suitability of these models and the type of interactions involved...

..Therefore, gut microbiota composition is related to body weight, weight gain and metabolic biomarkers during pregnancy, which might be of relevance to the management of the health of women and infants...

..These findings suggest that increased abundance of B. fragilis strains with metalloprotease activities could play a role in CD pathogenesis, although further in vivo studies are required to support this hypothesis...

..The results suggest that GAGs may ameliorate gliadin-induced inflammatory response, though they also slightly interfere with the action of B. longum...

..The results suggest that despite sharing certain features, some strains can perform a better functional role than others and their careful selection for therapeutic use is desirable...

..These results confirm that the synthesis of bacteriocin-like inhibitory compounds is a key factor in the in vitro inhibition of pathogen and spoilage bacteria by Bifidobacterium strains...

..Moreover, the timing and dose of gluten introduction also seem to be relevant and long-term prospective cohort studies are being carried out in order to elucidate its role in celiac disease development...

..Advances have prompted increased the interest of researchers and industry and new applications and targets are being discovered...

..hansenii can contribute to the lack of knowledge about the exopeptidase activity in one of the yeasts more frequently isolated in sausage and to understand its role during the ripening of a fermented sausage...

..This is the first report on the identification and purification of this type of aminopeptidase in yeast, which may contribute to the scarce knowledge about D. hansenii proteases and their possible roles in meat fermentation...

..015 and p = 0.002, respectively)...

....

....

..These findings indicate that calorie restriction and physical activity have an impact on gut microbiota composition related to body weight loss, which also seem to be influenced by the individual's microbiota...

..The bacterial pattern detected in coeliac patients, correlates with the epidemiological data and metabolic deviations associated with CD, and involve bacterial groups link to other chronic inflammatory disorders...

..pentosus CECT 4023 could partly contribute to reduce the phosphorylation degree of phytate and its derivatives and, thereby, their anti-nutrient properties during fermentation processes...

..Thus, the GFD may constitute an environmental variable to be considered in treated CD patients for its possible effects on gut health...

..Therefore, the used of the selected Bifidobacterium strain in whole wheat breadmaking process could provide potential nutritional benefits by decreasing the antinutrient content of the product...

..These results contribute to the knowledge on the diversity and distribution of the animal GIT mucosa-associated microbiota...

..PrB was able to hydrolyze muscle sarcoplasmic proteins by in vitro assays. This is the first endopeptidase purified and characterized from the yeast D. hansenii, whose possible contributions to meat fermentation processes are discussed...

....

..10) groups and total Gram-negative bacteria (P<0.05). The results suggest a relationship between HLA-DQ genes and the gut microbial colonization process that could lead to a change in the way this disorder is investigated...

..pylori strains. Thus, the synthesis of antimicrobial peptides could be one of the mechanisms of bifidobacteria to combat H. pylori infections...

..Therefore, FCM-FISH has been proven to be a sensitive high throughput approach that provides additional information to that obtained by traditional culture techniques about the complexity of the GI ecosystem of these animal species...

....

..This review focuses on the reciprocal interactions between the gut microbiota and functional food components, and the consequences of these interactions on human health...

..The homology of the PrA to the lisosomal cathepsin D suggests its possible participation in the ripening of fermented meat products...

..vulgatus was higher in those with high genetic risk. The results indicate that both the type of milk feeding and the HLA-DQ genotype influence the colonization process of Bacteroides species, and possibly the disease risk...

..Only isolates allocated to the species Pseudomonas putida were able to metabolize AB...

..In muscle protein extracts, the absence of low molecular mass nutrients (SPE>10 kDa) initially induced the production of PrA, PrB, and AAP activities, possibly involved in the breakdown of muscle oligopeptides...

....

..These changes were accompanied by a higher content of ammonium in the cytoplasm, likely coming from amino acid deamination, and a decrease of the bile salt hydrolase activity...

..The potential role of phytase activity from Bifidobacterium spp. in the reduction of the antinutritional properties of IP(6) is discussed...

....

..The results indicate that different molecules are implicated in the adhesion of bifidobacteria to the human intestinal mucus, constituting a multifactorial process...