Jordi Sunyer

..In conclusion, exposure to high levels of biological dust in young adults is associated with symptoms of chronic bronchitis and pulmonary ventilatory defects, independently of asthma and smoking...

..We aim to assess the independent association of particles, after controlling for gaseous pollutants, with the risk of death among a cohort of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)...

..DDE was not associated with atopy alone. Prenatal exposure to DDE residues may contribute to development of asthma...

..We aim to assess the association between indoor NO(2) and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) during the first year of life in a multicentre prospective cohort study...

....

..Occupational exposures to vapors, gas, dust, or fumes have been shown to be a risk factor of airway obstruction in cross-sectional studies in the general population...

..We aimed at analysing the association of individual urinary porphyrins with the serum concentrations of HCB and other organochlorine compounds in this highly exposed population...

..From a Public Health perspective these results suggest that reduction in SO(2)levels in European cities could imply a reduction of admissions for IHDs...

..We assessed whether circulatory acute phase reactants were associated with smoking and whether or not the association was modified by the major cytokine gene of the acute phase reaction, interleukin-6 (IL-6)...

..Atopy has long been related to asthma. The prevalences of both atopy and asthma have shown substantial variation...

..Sulphur dioxide (SO(2)) was associated with hospital admissions for asthma in children in the original APHEA study, but not with other respiratory admissions...

..Findings were homogeneous across all centres. These results suggest that lung diseases that cause wheezing are generally associated with impaired lung function...

..However, this association may be explained by maternal atopy. We examined the relationship between maternal atopy and the number of offspring in three European cohorts of pregnant women...

....

..Applying a Mendelian randomisation approach, the study supports a causal association between low-grade general inflammation and airway diseases...

....

..The chronic effects of urban air pollution are not well known. The authors' aim was to investigate the association between the prevalence and new onset of chronic bronchitis and urban air pollution...

..We assess the association between individual reactivity to allergens and the level of baseline maximal one-second forced expiratory volume (FEV1), by smoking and respiratory symptoms...

..A study was undertaken to assess the interactions between prenatal exposures, early life infections, atopic predisposition, and allergen exposures in the development of wheezing up to the age of 4 years in a tropical region of Africa...

....

..Early-life exposure to air pollution from indoor gas appliances may be negatively associated with neuropsychological development through the first 4 years of life, particularly among genetically susceptible children...

..77; 95% confidence interval = 1.19-6.46). Our data support the idea that several patterns of wheezing with different risk profiles exist among young children. The effect of Fel d1 exposure varied according to age and maternal asthma...

..To investigate whether circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3) [25(OH)D(3)] concentration in pregnancy is associated with neuropsychological development in infants...

....

..Results were similar for wheeze. This study suggests that pre-natal DDE exposure is associated with a higher risk of LRTI and wheeze in infants independently of exposure to other organochlorine compounds...

..Recent experimental evidence suggests that prenatal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) may increase postnatal obesity risk and that these effects may be sex or diet dependent...

..26 among breast feeders, and 1.95 of p,p'-DDE vs 6.00 (P<0.05)). Long-term breastfeeding leads to a dose-response increase of the concentrations in children's serum during the first year of life...

..76-24.76). Maternal asthma did not promote these effects. Maternal history of asthma did not modify the effects of smoking on reproductive outcomes in a cohort sampled from the general population...

..Additionally, allergen reduction measures related to indoor sources must be specific to each location...

..Traffic-related air pollution is related with asthma, and this association may be modified by genetic factors...

..However, these results should be taken with caution because the differences of the gender averages have low statistically significance when evaluated with the Student test...

..We hypothesized that genetic variability in glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes (GSTP1, GSTM1, and GSTT1) could influence the effects of prenatal exposure to p,p'-DDT...

..Breastfeeding has been associated with improved neurodevelopment in children. However, it remains unknown to what extent nutritional advantages of breast milk may explain this relationship...

..3 (43.1, 829.5)) or lived close to a major green space (Regression coefficient (95% CI)) of 189.8 (23.9, 355.7)). Our findings suggest a beneficial effect of exposure to green spaces on birth weight only in the lowest SEP group...

..Children with higher cognitive function in early life might be at decreased risk of overweight later in childhood...

..Our aim was to study the association between prenatal levels of DDE and lower respiratory tract infection in infants independently from polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and other organochlorines...

..Cleaning work and professional use of certain cleaning products have been associated with asthma, but respiratory effects of nonprofessional home cleaning have rarely been studied...

..We assessed whether maternal C-reactive protein (CRP) levels during pregnancy and CRP gene variations are associated with wheezing and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) in offspring...

..Recent studies suggest that prenatal exposure to PAH is associated with adverse reproductive outcomes. Other than tobacco smoke and occupational exposures, diet is the main source of human PAH exposure...

..The role of diet, the main source of PAH exposure among non-smokers, remains uncertain...

..We studied the association between exposure to OCs and breastfeeding on neurodevelopment in the 1-year-old infants of this population...

..8 and 0.5 days respectively). Our findings were not suggestive for any adverse effect of Saharan dust episodes on our included pregnancy complications and outcomes...

..To investigate the incidence rate, viral respiratory agents and determinants of lower respiratory tract illnesses (LRTIs) in infants younger than 1 year...

..Hexachlorobenzene (HCB) is an organochlorine chemical that has been used in agriculture and industrial processes. Behavioral impairment after HCB exposure has been described in animal models, but little information is available in humans...

....

..The congener mixtures found in Menorca could reflect a diet contribution from some western Mediterranean fish species. These results provide baseline information on prenatal OHC background levels in the Mediterranean area...

..The objectives of this study are to describe the variations in annoyance due to air pollution in Europe and its individual and environmental determinants...

..The negative effects of exposure to PCBs on early psychomotor development suggest that the potential neurotoxic effects of these compounds may be evident even at low doses...

..The authors concluded that community influences of living in a low-educational area are associated with asthma, independently of subjects' own educational level and social class...

..This influence is reflected in higher exposure, both in utero and in the first years of growth, that significantly stands out over the background contamination due to the ubiquity of these compounds...

..30 (standard error, 0.12) per week breastfed). Despite the possibility of harm from environmental contaminants in breast milk, breastfeeding for long periods should still be recommended as the best infant feeding method...

..In the light of current evidence a precautionary approach towards PBDE exposure of both mothers and children seems warranted...

..To examine the relationship between maternal intelligence-mental health and neuropsychological development at age 14 months in a normal population, taking into account maternal occupational social class and education...

..Because concerns are emerging for neurodevelopmental effects of air pollutants, we examined the relationship between indoor gas cooking during pregnancy and infant neurodevelopment...

..We therefore aimed to estimate the relative and attributable risks of new-onset asthma in relation to occupations, work-related exposures, and inhalation accidents...

..These results should be considered when evaluating the risk and benefits of spraying DDT during antimalaria and other disease-vector campaigns...

..8). Iodine intake and UIC did not affect the association between OCs and thyroid hormones. Our results indicate that exposure to OCs during pregnancy can alter TH levels...

..To determine whether prenatal exposure to hexachlorobenzene (HCB) has potential adverse effects on child's weight and body mass index (BMI) in a general population with no local pollution sources...

....

..We assessed whether maternal circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) concentrations in pregnancy are associated with risk of lower respiratory tract infections, wheezing, and asthma in the offspring...

..We examined the association of maternal iodine intake and supplementation with thyroid function before 24 weeks of gestation in population-based samples from 3 different areas in Spain...

..Evidence in humans, however, is contradictory. In neonates and adults from a population historically highly exposed to HCB (Flix, Catalonia, Spain), no relation with PCT or with porphyrin excretion was found...

....

..The Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID) did not reveal mental or psychomotor abnormalities. Surprisingly, at the observed low levels, lead was positively associated with the children's BSID performance...

..Our aim is to assess changes between ETS exposure at the end of pregnancy and at 4 years of age determined by the parents' self-report and measurement of cotinine in age related biological matrices...

....

..Personal NO(2) levels were found to be strongly influenced by indoor NO(2) concentrations. The study supports the use of time-activity patterns along with indoor measurements to predict personal exposure to traffic-related air pollution...

..Recently, an association was reported between prenatal and postnatal exposure to cell phones and neurobehavioral problems in children at the age of 7 years...

....

..Oligomenorrhea was associated with more asthma (Respiratory Health in Northern Europe study), but a possible association with lung function has not been investigated previously...

..There is growing evidence that traffic-related air pollution reduces birth weight. Improving exposure assessment is a key issue to advance in this research area...

..The observed increases of average body burden of total PBDEs between birth and the first 4 years of growth were 65 and 10 ng for breastfed and formula fed children, respectively...

....

..The aim of this study was to evaluate iodine status and to examine the main sources of iodine in pregnant women from an apparently iodine-sufficient area...

..However, these specific exposure risks should be interpreted in connection with the whole of concomitant exposures constituting the work environment...

..We also searched for genetic determinants affecting the responses of fibrinogen genes to proinflammatory stimulation...

..In both populations, the results showed that a major proportion of the organochlorine compounds present in these children's serum at 4 years of age was incorporated during the lactation period...

..We assess which behavioural areas (executive function, social competence, attention behaviour and hyperactivity) are related to long-term breast-feeding in young children...

..The absence of central heating was also associated with higher NO2 concentrations. Finally, each ppb increase in outdoor NO2 was associated with a 1% increase in indoor concentrations...

..It is concluded that exposure to certain irritant cleaning products aggravates lower respiratory tract symptoms in female domestic cleaners with asthma or chronic bronchitis...

..30, p = 0.022). Among a wide range of potential risk factors we have found that only previous admissions, lower FEV(1), and underprescription of LTOT are independently associated with a higher risk of admission for a COPD exacerbation...

....

..Vehicle traffic PM, generated by combustion and noncombustion processes, should be considered in air pollution mitigation strategies in urban areas...

..To assess the association between prenatal exposure to organochlorine compounds and thyroid status in newborns from an area with high levels of hexachlorobenzene (HCB)...

..Epidemiological studies have shown an association between cleaning work and asthma, but the risk factors are uncertain. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of asthma in women employed in domestic cleaning...

..1, 95% CI 2.5-14.4; OR for G/G genotype 1.7, 95% CI 0.8-3.3). The present findings provide, for the first time, evidence for a complex pattern of interaction between obesity, a pro-inflammatory genetic factor and asthma...

..In the European Community Respiratory Health Survey, migrants reported more asthma symptoms, but had similar bronchial responsiveness, atopy, and use of health services when compared with the nonmigrant population...

..Our results suggest that traffic-related pollution causes asthma symptoms and possibly asthma incidence in adults. The asthma score offers an alternative with which to investigate the course and aetiology of asthma in adults...

..Reported folic acid supplement use during pregnancy was associated with improved neurodevelopment in children after adjusting for a number of sociodemographic and behavioural factors...

..As a secondary objective, intakes were evaluated relative to current dietary recommendations for pregnant women...

..Parental factors are proposed as an explanatory. We studied the influence of GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms on the cognition effects induced by active maternal smoking during pregnancy...

..The objective was to examine how these toxicologically relevant measures were related to other PM characteristics, such as total and elemental mass concentration and light absorbance...

..Chemical exposure caused neurocognitive impairment, and SPECT brain dysfunction particularly in odor-processing areas, thereby suggesting a neurogenic origin of MCS...

..There are few data available in our community regarding the prevalence of hepatitis B (HBV) and hepatitis C (HCV) virus infection in the general population...

..Spain's PTS-related problems are similar to those of many other countries. Elucidation of their causes, consequences, and possible solutions will be of benefit beyond national boundaries...

..To estimate the health and economic benefits that would result from two scenarios of improved air quality in 57 municipalities of the metropolitan area of Barcelona...

..54). Reported mold exposure was highest in older houses with recent water damage. CONCLUSION: We conclude that indoor mold growth has an adverse effect on adult asthma...

..The results did not vary when stratified for prematurity. These data suggest that HCB reduces intrauterine physical linear growth...

..To date, only one study has examined whether smoking in the first trimester only, which is not associated with birth weight, is also associated with childhood overweight...