J Rio

..Therapy switch in patients with MS can be a strategy after a treatment failure. We studied the change in clinical activity after switching of first-line DMD because of a treatment failure...

..We present the data of our cohort of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) patients treated with interferon beta (IFNbeta)...

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..Early identification of nonresponder patients is crucial to try different therapeutic approaches. We investigated various criteria of treatment response to assess which criterion better identifies patients with a poor response...

..Our goal was to evaluate the relation between the presence of neutralizing antibodies (NABs) to interferon beta-1b in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and the clinical evolution in the following years...

..We present the data from a cohort of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) patients treated with interferon beta (IFNbeta-1b) at our MS clinic...

..To compare the efficacy of acetaminophen, ibuprofen, and prednisone in the treatment of interferon beta-1a (IFNbeta-1a) flu-like syndrome (FLS)...

..This review examines the latest data on the response to natalizumab in patients who fail to respond to therapy with conventional drugs...

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..Currently, there are different formulations approved for MS treatment and others are in different stages of investigation or awaiting approval by federal agencies...

..Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and clinical predictors of response during the first 12 months of therapy...

..In the face of a proportion of RRMS patients experiencing a poor response to the drug, other therapeutic approaches need to be considered...

..To evaluate whether oligoclonal bands (OB) add information to MRI in predicting both a second attack and development of disability in patients with clinically isolated syndromes (CIS)...

..Positive effects of interferon beta on secondary clinical and magnetic resonance imaging outcomes were observed, but a beneficial effect on Expanded Disability Status Scale progression was not demonstrated...

..Number of baseline lesions has been shown to predict future attacks and disability in clinically isolated syndromes (CIS)...

..However, the utility of MMEPs is limited by the low percentage of CIS patients having the three abnormal at baseline...

..To determine the relation between baseline MRI and both conversion to multiple sclerosis (MS) and development of disability in a cohort of patients with clinically isolated syndromes (CIS)...

..To analyse the safety and effectiveness of natalizumab in the treatment of multiple sclerosis in a real clinical practice setting and according to the approved indications...

..There are differences between several studies in the definition, and, therefore, the prevalence of these so-called atypical CIS. Consensus on the denomination and definition of these syndromes must be reached...

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..Results indicate that diplopia, facial sensory symptoms and gait disturbance occur in more than 30% of patients with CISB. Facial sensory symptoms are less associated with conversion to CDMS...

..Despite the availability of diagnostic criteria, an overlap between neuromyelitis optica (NMO) and multiple sclerosis (MS) exists, particularly in the early stage of the disease...

..To assess the long-term emotional state of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients treated with interferon beta (IFNbeta) for at least four years...

..The aim of our study was to investigate changes in fatigue in a large cohort of MS patients and to determine the relationship between changes in disability and depression with changes in fatigue severity...

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..Our work supports that also observed in recent publications: that both conversion to MS or presence of sequelae after an episode of ADEM are more frequent than traditionally considered...

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..We aimed to study the relationship between fatigue in MS and the presence of focal dysfunction in the basal ganglia and frontal white matter...

..The 15-deoxi delta prostaglandin J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)) is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma agonist with potent anti-inflammatory properties. It has been suggested that 15d-PGJ(2) may modulate multiple sclerosis (MS)...

..These findings do not support a role of the HLA class I and class II genes as modifiers of the response to IFNbeta...

..In vitro stimulation of peripheral blood leukocytes with interferon-beta1b before the beginning of therapy shows that patients who develop fever generally have increased levels of interleukin-6...

..The relationship between multiple sclerosis (MS) and Sjögren syndrome (SS) is controversial. Nine patients, previously diagnosed with primary progressive MS (PPMS) and who fulfilled the diagnostic criteria for SS, are described...

..As a symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS), fatigue is difficult to manage because of its unknown etiology, the lack of efficacy of the drugs tested to date and the absence of consensus about which would be the ideal measure to assess fatigue...

..Although these findings suggest a role of Chit in MS, our data do not support an association between plasma Chit activity and MS clinical course and clinical response to IFNbeta treatment...

..Depression has been cited as a possible side effect of interferon beta-1b (IFNbeta-1b) therapy in patients with MS. This association remains unproven because of a lack of longitudinal studies...

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..These data support that one of the immunomodulatory effects of IFN-beta treatment in MS may be a limitation of the autoimmune response modifying the CD80:CD28/CTLA-4 pathway...

..These findings do not support differential cellular immune responses in PBMC at baseline between IFN-β responders and non-responders...

..Our results reveal that IFNβ may promote in responders changes in the NK cell immunophenotype, corresponding to the profile found at early maturation stages of this lymphocyte lineage...

..The data that we have are not conclusive. This paper reviews the effect of IFNbeta on cognition in the different clinical forms of the disease and the future directions of clinical trials...

..Both patients had a favorable outcome with full clinical recovery. We conclude that MRI aids in the early detection of parenchymal infections, therefore, MRI is crucial for early diagnosis and is very useful for follow-up examinations...

..Thus, pattern of anti-nuclear and anti-neuronal autoantibodies does not predict the response to IFNβ in MS patients...

..These findings do not support a role of IL28B polymorphisms in the response to IFNβ in MS patients...

..Finally we comment on the few therapeutic options currently available for these patients and their future prospects...

..2%) patients fulfilled NMO absolute criteria at some time and 1 (0.3%) also fulfilled one major supportive criterion. Therefore, even by systematically applying NMO criteria in patients with CIS, NMO diagnosis is reached infrequently...