Manolis Kogevinas

..We assessed the association between lifetime occupational exposures and airflow obstruction in a cross-sectional survey in an urban-industrial area of Catalonia, Spain...

..We studied subjective health symptoms in a population accidentally exposed to high styrene concentrations in drinking tap water. The contamination occurred during the reparation of a water tank...

..We examined which occupations and industries are currently at high risk for bladder cancer in men...

..We therefore aimed to estimate the relative and attributable risks of new-onset asthma in relation to occupations, work-related exposures, and inhalation accidents...

..Experimental data indicate that endocrine and reproductive effects should be among the most sensitive effects in both animals and humans. Epidemiological studies have evaluated only a few of these effects...

..None of the polymorphisms examined significantly modified the hair dye associated risk. Overall, this study does not support an association between hair dye use and bladder cancer...

..It should be borne in mind that the general population is exposed to 2-3 orders of magnitude lower levels of TCDD than those experienced by the equivalent life-time dose in the industrial populations examined or the population of Seveso...

..There are no large population-based studies on occupational asthma, and few estimates of the proportion of asthma attributed to occupation, even though asthma is the most common occupational respiratory disorder in industrialised countries...

..To examine the recent epidemiological evidence on cancer risk among workers in the rubber industry...

..The collection of quality of interview scores and the exclusion of unreliable interviews probably reduce misclassification of exposure in observational studies...

..We evaluated the bladder cancer risk associated with coffee consumption in a case-control study in Spain and examined the gene-environment interactions for genetic variants of caffeine-metabolizing enzymes...

..Disinfection by-products in drinking water are chemical contaminants that have been associated with cancer and other adverse effects. Exposure occurs from consumption of tap water, inhalation and dermal absorption...

..Whether these correspond to low-penetrance cancer-predisposing polymorphisms acting together and/or interacting with environmental factors warrants further research...

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..Findings of an increased frequency of MN in urothelial cells of hair dye users suggest a possible genotoxic effect of hair dye compounds and need confirmation in larger studies...

..Results do not support an association of bladder cancer risk with low-level exposure to PAHs as measured through the formation of bulky DNA adducts in peripheral mononuclear cells...

..To determine the frequency and the prognostic value of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) mutations in patients with nonmuscle invasive bladder tumors according to tumor stage and grade...

..Air pollution has been associated with an increased risk for lung cancer. We examined whether long-term air pollution is associated with bladder cancer risk...

..First, we assessed all markers in a subset of subjects using DNA pooling, and in a second stage we evaluated the most promising markers at an individual level...

..CONCLUSION: These results do not support the hypothesis that women have a higher relative risk of smoking-related bladder cancer than men...

..Cross-sectional studies have reported inconsistent findings for the association between recreational swimming pool attendance and asthma and allergic diseases in childhood...

..The role of diet, the main source of PAH exposure among non-smokers, remains uncertain...

..The outcome will be improved risk assessment and better information for risk management. The work is divided into different topics (exposure assessment, epidemiology, risk assessment and management) and studies...

..The association of bladder cancer with tap water consumption, but not with nontap water fluids, suggests that carcinogenic chemicals in tap water may explain the increased risk...

..The authors assessed the extent to which use of respiratory protection and ventilation equipment is associated with self-employed versus employee status among adults in an international study...

..PIK3CA may constitute a novel diagnostic and prognostic tool, as well as a therapeutic target, in bladder cancer...

..Swimming in chlorinated pools involves exposure to disinfection by-products (DBPs) and has been associated with impaired respiratory health...

..57 (95% confidence interval: 1.18, 2.09). Bladder cancer risk was associated with long-term exposure to THMs in chlorinated water at levels regularly occurring in industrialized countries...

..Traffic-related air pollution is related with asthma, and this association may be modified by genetic factors...

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..The present analysis was conducted to assess the associations between occupational exposure to specific HMW allergens and the risk of B-cell, T-cell, and Hodgkin's lymphomas...

..Acetaminophen use during pregnancy has been associated with a reduced risk of stillbirth and preterm birth, but findings are based on few studies with small numbers of exposed women...

..The aim was to analyze Tp53 and HDM2 in T1G3 bladder tumors and to determine the prognostic value of their alterations...

..Diseases of the skin are important and often preventable conditions occurring among workers with dermal exposures to irritant and sensitizing agents...

..Professional use of hypochlorite (bleach) has been associated with respiratory symptoms. Bleach is capable of inactivating allergens, and there are indications that its domestic use may reduce the risk of allergies in children...

..76-24.76). Maternal asthma did not promote these effects. Maternal history of asthma did not modify the effects of smoking on reproductive outcomes in a cohort sampled from the general population...

..Within the framework of a follow-up study in pregnant women, we describe: 1) the personal habits of water use and consumption, and 2) trihalomethane levels in the drinking water of the study areas...

..Evidence associating exposure to water disinfection by-products with reduced birth weight and altered duration of gestation remains inconclusive...

..To examine whether pregnant women who used acetaminophen, a prostaglandinG2 synthase inhibitor, had an increased risk of preeclampsia, gestational hypertension, thromboembolic complications, or abruptio placentae...

..As drinking water was mainly bottled and bathing was infrequent, showering and swimming in pools were the main pathways of THM exposure. Specific water uses among children slightly differed by sociodemographic characteristics...

..Paracetamol use has been associated with increased prevalence of asthma in children and adults, and one study reported an association between pre-natal exposure to paracetamol and asthma in early childhood...

..Subgroup analysis according to stage, grade, and molecular features may help in identifying specific etiological and prognostic factors involved in different bladder cancer progression pathways...

..To evaluate the use of acetaminophen (paracetamol), aspirin and dipyrone (metamizol) in a multicenter study...

..Occupational exposures to vapors, gas, dust, or fumes have been shown to be a risk factor of airway obstruction in cross-sectional studies in the general population...

..A recent study (Villanueva et al. 2007; Am J Epidemiol 165:148-156) found an increased bladder cancer risk among subjects attending swimming pools relative to those not attending...

..The authors concluded that community influences of living in a low-educational area are associated with asthma, independently of subjects' own educational level and social class...

..Anogenital distance in animals is used as a measure of fetal androgen action. Prenatal exposure to dioxins and dioxin-like compounds in rodents causes reproductive changes in male offspring and decreases anogenital distance...

..In conclusion, THMs and HAAs have limited value as predictors of other DBPs on a generalised basis. Principal component analysis provides a complementary tool to address the complex nature of the mixture...

..Use of phenacetin and other analgesic and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) potentially influences bladder cancer incidence, but epidemiologic evidence is limited...

..95; 0.76-1.20). CONCLUSIONS: These findings strengthen the hypothesis that the risk of bladder cancer is increased with long-term exposure to disinfection byproducts at levels currently observed in many industrialized countries...

..However, these specific exposure risks should be interpreted in connection with the whole of concomitant exposures constituting the work environment...

..60 (0.53-4.84)], although overall there was no increased risk for T-cell lymphomas. CONCLUSIONS: Exposure to immunologically active agents among clinically immunocompetent subjects was associated with risk for Hodgkin's lymphoma...

..Long-term cohort studies may be fundamental to fully evaluate these associations...

..It is concluded that exposure to certain irritant cleaning products aggravates lower respiratory tract symptoms in female domestic cleaners with asthma or chronic bronchitis...

..An overview of existing studies and their data is needed to improve collaboration, harmonization, and future project planning...

..At present, relatively little is known about prevailing patterns of intake across groups with diverse sociodemographic and lifestyle patterns in these settings...

..Low participation rates in the selection of population controls are an increasing concern for the validity of case-control studies worldwide...

..The combination of powerful study designs, advanced exposure assessment together with a better understanding of mechanisms of disease and the use of biomarkers of exposure, led to the strengthening of the epidemiological evidence...

..We evaluated if acetaminophen, one of the most frequently used drugs among pregnant women is associated with an increased prevalence of congenital abnormalities...

..P53 is the most widely investigated molecular marker in bladder cancer. We aimed to review comprehensively the evidence for use of changes in P53 to predict bladder-cancer recurrence, progression, and mortality...

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..Spain's PTS-related problems are similar to those of many other countries. Elucidation of their causes, consequences, and possible solutions will be of benefit beyond national boundaries...

..This review helps to define phenotypes of allergic diseases in MeDALL...

..Results lend moderate support to the hypothesis of indirect relationships between occupational exposure to dyes and organic pigments and the activation of the K-ras gene in the etiopathogenesis of human exocrine pancreatic cancer...

..Although it has been hypothesized that fetal exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals may increase obesity risk, empirical data are limited, and it is uncertain how early in life any effects may begin...

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..15-13.75), wt/mut 0.67 (0.19-2.31), mut/mut 1.62 (0.27-9.59). These molecular features support the notion that T1G3 tumors are at the crossroads of the two main molecular pathways proposed for bladder cancer development and progression...

..Cleaning work and professional use of certain cleaning products have been associated with asthma, but respiratory effects of nonprofessional home cleaning have rarely been studied...

..Adjustment for variables associated with asthma and bronchitis explained little of the observed health differences by socioeconomic status...

..The study base was comprised of subjects living in the catchment areas of the participating hospitals...

..In conclusion, occupational exposures contributed to the occurrence of chronic (industrial) bronchitis in young adults. Fixed airflow limitation was not evident, probably due to the relatively young age of this population...

..Background/..

..These results are relevant for epidemiological studies on health effects from CBP exposure since they usually involve comparison of populations consuming waters of very distinct quality...

..Recent studies have shown an excess risk of asthma for cleaners, but it is not clear which cleaning-related exposures induce or aggravate asthma...

..Asthma in cleaning workers showed many similarities with that in workers known to be at risk for occupational asthma. Atopic sensitisation did not seem to play an important role in cleaning-related asthma...

..As part of the treaty implementation it is necessary to launch a Report on factors that influence body concentrations of PTCs in the Spain general population...

..In conclusion, exposure to high levels of biological dust in young adults is associated with symptoms of chronic bronchitis and pulmonary ventilatory defects, independently of asthma and smoking...

..Epidemiological studies have shown an association between cleaning work and asthma, but the risk factors are uncertain. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of asthma in women employed in domestic cleaning...

..This study examined the associations and age-specific effects on asthma, atopy and bronchial hyper-responsiveness (BHR) of five candidate genes previously identified by positional cloning (ADAM33, PHF11, NPSR1, DPP10, SPINK5)...

..Newborns are exposed across the placenta and through breast feeding. Experimental animal studies have indicated that PCBs are neurotoxic. The neurological effects of these compounds on children are not clear...

..The occurrence of new-onset asthma during adulthood is common, but there is insufficient understanding of its determinants including the role of atopy...

..Many of the recommendations made to increase participation and effectiveness were not based on empirical data...

..02 mg/l in males, and 1.58 mg/l in females. Levels of PCDDs, PCDFs and PCBs increased by age in both sexes. The levels of PCDDs and PCDFs in residents of this Mediterranean city are among the lowest observed in industrialized countries...

..1, 95% CI 2.5-14.4; OR for G/G genotype 1.7, 95% CI 0.8-3.3). The present findings provide, for the first time, evidence for a complex pattern of interaction between obesity, a pro-inflammatory genetic factor and asthma...

..Longitudinal studies are required to confirm these findings and avoid potential reverse causation...

..Women employed in domestic cleaning are at increased risk for symptoms of obstructive lung disease, but the agents responsible are unknown...

..53 to 1.50. In this population of subjects without self-reported asthma or asthma-type symptoms at baseline, bronchial hyperresponsiveness and IgE reactivity to grass appeared as the main determinants of new asthma...

..We studied the association between exposure to OCs and breastfeeding on neurodevelopment in the 1-year-old infants of this population...

..These results are supported by a meta-analysis of previously published studies...

..To evaluate mesothelioma death trends in Spain and to predict the number of future cases of mesothelioma...

..We found substantial differences in the pathological characteristics of tumours from men and women. There was a tendency for women to receive more frequently non-standard, more aggressive, therapy than men...

..Associations between polymorphisms in other NAT and GST genes and bladder-cancer risk have been inconsistent...

..To evaluate the effects of a worksite smoking cessation program conducted to reduce the prevalence of smokers among staff of the town council of Sabadell (Spain)...

..The basic components of feasibility are addressed: extent of hazards; needs of employees for hazard reduction and acceptability of WHP; and social context...

..9 in never-smokers and 1.6 in ever-smokers, a 1.8-fold enhancement in smokers. Evidence indicates that acetylation is an exposure-dependent process, and thus the magnitude of the interaction may also depend on exposure level...

..A detailed characterization of genetic variation in key NER genes is warranted and might ultimately help identify multiple susceptibility variants that could be responsible for substantial joint increases in risk...

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