L Myer

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..However there are few data on whether ART initiation influences pregnancy rates...

..Prevalent untreated TB is the main source of transmission. In settings with large burdens of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and TB, highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) may contribute to TB control...

..Despite the challenges facing healthcare in South Africa, empirical insights into the performance of healthcare services over time are scarce...

..We examined whether delaying ART to provide pre-ART counseling was associated with improved outcomes among HIV-infected women in Cape Town, South Africa...

..To investigate patient education and counseling activities prior to the initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) at public sector services across Cape Town, South Africa...

..While further research is needed, this evaluation demonstrates that a novel service delivery approach may facilitate rapid ART initiation in pregnancy...

..To date, there have been no cohort studies of the impact of highly active anti-retroviral treatment (HAART) in South Africa where clade C HIV is predominant...

..To assess memory and recall, we used the memory item of the International HIV Dementia Scale (IHDS)...

..We examined the attitudes of health care policy makers and providers towards reproductive decision-making among HIV-infected individuals...

..Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves were compiled using combinations of clinical findings...

..However, there are little data assessing incidence of TB infection in adolescents in these settings...

..We examined the impact of IVIG as an adjuvant therapy in reducing mortality and length of hospital stay in HIV-infected children with serious bacterial infections...

..Important gaps remain both in policy development and in the design, evaluation, and implementation of interventions promoting women's reproductive health and rights at the service delivery level...

..Few data exist on how the HIV/AIDS epidemic may influence population mental health. The associations were examined between knowing someone who died of HIV/AIDS and common mental disorders among South African adults...

..These findings also suggest that fertility desires may change through time and thus require ongoing attention as part of long-term care...

..There are few reports from South Africa on how common mental disorders may be associated with HIV-related perceptions and behaviours...

..To investigate the delivery of reproductive health care services in an antiretroviral therapy (ART) programme in Cape Town, South Africa...

..More generally, HIV care and treatment services represent an important venue to identify and manage individuals with common mental disorders in resource-limited settings...

..At the same time, rates of teenage and unintended pregnancy in South Africa remain high, and there are few data on knowledge of EC in the general population in South Africa, as in other resource-limited settings...

..3, 1.0-5.1; 1.7, 1.2-2.5, and 1.7, 1.2-2.5, respectively). These data point to the role that early-life mental disorders may play in educational achievement and subsequent socio-economic position over the life course...

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..These findings suggest that volunteers for vaccine-related research may be at greater risk of HIV infection than the general population from which they are recruited...

..We investigated the association of gender and income with survival and retention in a South African ART programme...

..Public health interventions are needed to address the dual burden of HIV/AIDS and mental illness in this and similar settings...

..Health policies and services are required to reinforce the reproductive rights of HIV-infected individuals in South Africa and other countries in sub-Saharan Africa where HIV is most prevalent...

..Despite high rates of mental disorders and associated disability in South Africa, they are less likely to be treated than physical disorders...

..77), generalized anxiety disorder (0.78), and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (0.77). The K-10 may be a useful screening measure for detecting mood and anxiety disorders, including PTSD, in patients with HIV/AIDS...

..Understanding the determinants of key outcome measures--including death and nondeath losses--would assist in program evaluation and development...

..Patients accessing antiretroviral treatment (ART) programmes in sub-Saharan Africa frequently have very advanced immunodeficiency. Previous data suggest that such patients may have diminished capacity for CD4 cell count recovery...

..The practical utility of plasma suPAR in assessing short-term all-cause mortality risk was evaluated in patients with advanced immunodeficiency enrolling in an antiretroviral treatment (ART) programme in South Africa...

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..01 [95% CI, 1.12-3.62]). CONCLUSIONS: BV may account for a substantial fraction of new HIV infections in this setting. Treatment of BV and other interventions to promote normal vaginal flora warrant attention for HIV prevention...

..However, there are insufficient data on patients with advanced HIV disease from high TB incidence areas...

..To the best of the authors' knowledge, the expression of TKTL1 in nephroblastomas has not been studied before and the aim of this study was to compare the immunoexpression of TKTL1 in anaplastic and non-anaplastic nephroblastomas...

..A self assessment test and MCQs follow this paper...

..To examine South African women's preferences between depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) and norethisterone enanthate (NET-EN), as well as the reasons for and correlates of these preferences...

..These findings suggest that the ε4 allelic variant in HIV-positive individuals is not associated with the development of HAD in Southern Africa...

..We examined the effect of various doses of benzathine penicillin on pregnancy loss among women with a positive Rapid Plasma Reagin (RPR) test result in a rural South African district...

..Recommendations for mental health service provision in South Africa and for future research on the relative risk for PTSD are offered...

..We evaluated the probability and determinants of virologic failure and switching in children in South Africa...

..Challenges to involving men in HIV/AIDS care and treatment and SRH services and measures to address this were identified...

..These findings indicate the complexities involved in the disclosure of HIV status to infected children, and point to the need for interventions to support caregivers and providers in disclosure discussions...

..To report on the natural history of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cervical disease in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-infected women living in Cape Town, South Africa...

..In our setting, EBV DNA is frequently detected in the CSF of HIV-infected patients with miscellaneous neurological diseases and thus its presence is a poor predictor of PCNSL...

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..The objectives of this study were to document prevalence rates for partner violence among high school students in Cape Town, and to explore factors that are associated with such violence...

..To assess paediatric antiretroviral treatment (ART) outcomes and their associations from a collaborative cohort representing 20% of the South African national treatment programme...

..0001). CONCLUSION: A structured, community-based education program based on drama can lead to substantial increases in the demand for VCT services in resource-limited settings...

..90, P = 0.02). While integrated TB/HIV services appear generally acceptable in this setting, continuing efforts to combat stigmatization are necessary to ensure maximum uptake...

..Alternative practitioners, including traditional healers and religious advisors, appear to play a notable role in the delivery of mental health care in South Africa...

..Intravaginal practices appear unlikely to be a cofactor in the male-to-female transmission of HIV in this setting...

..Prior work has suggested an association between perpetration and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), but this remains controversial...

..We conclude by proposing strategies that are based upon a synergy between human rights and public health approaches to policy on reproductive health choices for persons with HIV/AIDS...

..Protection of the mucosa of the cervix may provide an important approach for new HIV prevention technologies...

..To determine human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence, sexual risk behaviors, and attitudes toward HIV vaccine trials among 11-19 year-olds in a peri-urban community near Cape Town, South Africa...

..We investigated associations between HIV incidence and use of combined oral contraceptives (COC), norethindrone enanthate (NET-EN) or depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) in a cohort of South African women...

..To determine the burden and impact of immune reconstitution disease (IRD) associated with tuberculosis (TB) among patients initiating antiretroviral treatment (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa...

..There is an urgent need for intervention models to integrate HIV care with sexual and reproduction health counseling and services that account for the diverse reproductive needs of these populations...

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..To determine rates, risk factors and causes of death among patients accessing a community-based antiretroviral treatment (ART) programme both prior to and following initiation of treatment...

..To investigate highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) initiation among pregnant women and the optimum model of service delivery for integrating HAART services into antenatal care...

..Further research into factors that increase women's susceptibility to HIV will help to inform the design of vaginal microbicides and other HIV prevention interventions...

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..Extensive MUC3 expression was significantly associated with well-differentiated tumors, whilst there was an approaching significance between the extensive expression of MUC1 and metastasis in cholangiocarcinoma...

..Variable performance in neuropsychological testing may account for false negative screens. The inclusion of brief tests of executive function in a screening battery should be considered...

..However on-site testing for syphilis may remain an important option for improving antenatal care in settings where laboratory facilities are not available...

..To determine the short-term and long-term risks of tuberculosis (TB) associated with CD4 cell recovery during antiretroviral therapy (ART)...

..Evaluation of additional control interventions requires detailed understanding of the epidemiological relationship between these diseases at the community level...

..We examined the association between hypertension and depression and anxiety in South Africa...

..We analyzed adult and adolescent data from a cohort study conducted to assess the feasibility of involving adolescents and adults in HIV vaccine-related studies...

..We hypothesised that measures of socioeconomic position (employment, education and household wealth) would be inversely related to violence at the individual and household levels...

..In so doing, CAA may serve as an objective tool for the screening of structural heart disease and facilitate the teaching of cardiac auscultation. This article reviews potential clinical applications of CAA...

..This programme represents a platform for introducing a 'golden thread' of HIV/AIDS into health sciences curricula in countries profoundly affected by the epidemic...

..The use of antibiotic prophylaxis and the emergence of multi-drug resistant bacteria necessitate examination of responsible organisms and their antibiotic susceptibility...

..There is a need for a review of the literature to help focus such research efforts in Sub-Saharan Africa...

..To describe temporal trends in baseline clinical characteristics, initial treatment regimens and monitoring of patients starting antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-limited settings...

..Both assessment methods and predictors of adherence need to be examined to deliver appropriate health care to the growing patient population in resource-limited settings...

..Failure to understand the key factors associated with microbicide acceptability is likely to hinder the adoption and continued use of products that are effective in preventing HIV infection...

..This heterogeneity suggests that national-level interventions to promote condom procurement and use may be less appropriate than specialised interventions addressing locally relevant factors, including those identified here...

..48 (95% confidence interval, 0.36-0.64) in low-income countries and 0.36 (95% confidence interval, 0.26-0.50) in high-income countries. A low CD4 cell count at the start of therapy was the most important risk factor in both settings...

..Subjectively, adolescents found the use of PDA to be simple and confidential. PDA may be a useful method to collect sensitive, self-reported information from adolescents in resource-limited settings...

..We conducted a cross-sectional survey of pulmonary TB (PTB) and HIV infection in a community of 13,000 with high HIV prevalence and high TB notification rate and a well-functioning DOTS TB control program...

..Little attention, however, has been paid to unintentional discontinuation due to providers' management of clients who would like to continue use but arrive late for their scheduled reinjections...

..To determine burden and risk factors for tuberculosis (TB) in an antiretroviral treatment (ART) programme and its impact on ART outcomes...

..Despite rapid expansion of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in sub-Saharan Africa there are few longitudinal data describing programme performance during rapid scale-up...

..We examined perceptions of the effectiveness and acceptability of a candidate microbicide among 94 South African female sex workers who had participated in a phase 3 microbicide trial for HIV prevention...