Rachel K Jewkes

..0001). The largest group of perpetrators (33%) were school teachers. Our findings suggest that child rape is becoming more common, and lend support to qualitative research of sexual harassment of female students in schools in Africa...

..International comparison needs to be approached with caution because most developing countries lack the infrastructure for accurate crime reporting and do not have such a substantial body of survey data...

..To describe the study design, methods and baseline findings of a behavioural intervention trial aimed at reducing HIV incidence...

..There was considerable overlap between rape-associated factors and known HIV risk factors, suggesting a need for further research on the interface of rape and HIV, and integrated prevention programming...

..They seek to understand the relationship between transactional sex, prostitution, and the nature of the involved men...

..We describe patterns of engagement in transactional sexual relationships and sex with women in prostitution of South African men, and suggest interpretations that advance our understanding of the phenomenon...

..There has been very little prospective research on rape perpetration among men. This paper describes the incidence and risk factors for new rape and attempted rape events among young South African men in an HIV prevention trial...

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..To describe the prevalence and patterns of rape perpetration in a randomly selected sample of men from the general adult population, to explore factors associated with rape and to describe how men explained their acts of rape...

..We set out to investigate whether baseline depressive symptomatology was associated with risky sexual behaviour and relationship characteristics of men and women at baseline, as well as those found 12 months later...

..To describe factors associated with HIV infection in men aged 15-26 years...

..This paper aims to describe factors associated with HIV sero-status in young, rural South African women and the relationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) and HIV...

..To assess the impact of Stepping Stones, a HIV prevention programme, on incidence of HIV and herpes simplex type 2 (HSV-2) and sexual behaviour...

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..This article aims to describe the processing of rape cases by South African police and courts, and the association between documented injuries and DNA and case progression through the criminal justice system...

..We argue that the goals of HIV prevention and optimizing of care can best be achieved through change in gender identities, rather than through a focus on individual sexual behaviours...

..We assessed whether intimate partner violence and relationship power inequity increase risk of incident HIV infection in South African women...

..Stepping Stones might be more effective for women when combined with other structural interventions...

..To investigate the associations between intimate partner violence, rape and HIV among South African men...

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..Both of these conclusions pose critical challenges for health promoters...

..This highlights the need for a more nuanced understanding of gender inequalities and their relationship to HIV risk. Suggestions for key research questions are made...

..In cases close to home, perpetrators are often protected. Thus the dominant message is that much as child rape is abhorred, responses are highly inadequate. Advances in gender equity are central to positive change...

..We conclude by discussing implications for developing theory on causal factors in domestic violence...

..To describe prevalence of childhood experiences of adversity in rural South African youth and their associations with health outcomes...

..The South African Government, installed in April, 2009, has the mandate and potential to address the public health emergencies facing the country--will they do so or will another opportunity and many more lives be lost?..

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..To explore why South African women still abort outside designated services where there is substantial legal service provision...

..92, 4.98). This study confirms the need for increased attention by the public health community to primary and secondary prevention of gender-based violence, with a specific need to reduce risk among South African adolescents...

..Primary preventive interventions should focus on improving the status of women and reducing norms of violence, poverty, and alcohol consumption...

..This needs to be part of basic counselor training as it is integral to approaching HIV risk reduction...

..Further research to understand reasons for non-adherence is needed before further interventions are developed...

..Violence is a common feature of South African society. A firearm in the home is a risk factor in intimate partner violence, but this has not been readily demonstrated in South Africa because of a lack of data...

..Ethical and practical reasons for a decision to report or not to report a disclosure are discussed, and implications for research are highlighted...

..There is, therefore, an urgent need to bridge the gap between orthodox and indigenous medical systems through reciprocal learning and by acknowledging each other's roles...

..Further research is needed to support the development of interventions that acknowledge the complex barriers to adherence of PEP after rape...

..16), and conflict about his infidelity (OR = 2.81). The study shows that ideas supportive of gender inequality and normative use of violence in different settings are major underlying factors for men's violence against partners...

..We sought to assess the effects of witnessing violence against their mothers in childhood on men's use of violence in a range of settings in adulthood...

..To describe the prevalence of and risk factors for the perpetration of sexual violence by men against female intimate partners...

..To describe the epidemiology and forensic management of suspected rape homicide in South Africa, with the aim of promoting the recognition of this form of violence against women amongst forensic pathologists during post-mortem examination...

..To examine the incidence and patterns of intimate femicide-suicide in South Africa and to describe the factors associated with an increase in the risk of suicide after intimate femicide (i.e. the killing of an intimate female partner)...

..The aim of this article is to describe the patterns of blood alcohol concentration (BAC) at the time of death for female homicide victims and to explore the factors associated with having an elevated BAC...

..This needs to be taken into account in the growing trend to research coercion of men and present findings in a way that equates these two experiences...

..The objective of this article is to describe the incidence of female homicides and their related injury patterns with reference to autopsy practices in South Africa...

..The national IPV mortality rate was more than twice that found in the United States. The study highlights the value of collecting reliable data across the globe to develop interventions for advocacy of which gender equity is critical...

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..The trend is supported by evidence from the 1999-2001 Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths, which further suggested that abortion mortality dropped by more than 90% since 1994...

..Although in the first years following the new legislation efforts were made to establish abortion services, this study reveals gross inequality in service availability. Strategies for improving coverage are suggested...

..No study on women has yet assessed gender-based violence as a risk factor for HIV after adjustment for women's own high-risk behaviours, although these are known to be associated with experience of violence...

..Research, policy and programmatic initiatives should consider the role of transactional sex in women's HIV risk, with attention to the intersecting roles of violence, poverty, and substance use in shaping women's sexual behaviour...

..To examine associations between the perpetration of intimate partner violence and HIV risk behaviour among young men in rural South Africa...

..It will also seek to understand what are the barriers to behavior change and what strategies are used by which people to circumnavigate these. ..