D M Schellenberg

..Understanding the reasons for the discrepant results will help to elucidate the action mechanism of this intervention, which is essential for rational policy formulation...

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..This review summarizes the available information on IPTi and presents the consortium's approach to determining whether IPTi might be a valuable additional strategy in programs to control malaria...

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..06). Compliance was satisfactory in only 39% (82 of 209) of the children in the first week of treatment. Extending the duration of therapy and improving compliance may have health benefits for anemic children in malaria-endemic settings...

..To document the prevalence, age-distribution, and risk factors for anaemia in Tanzanian children less than 5 years old, thereby assisting in the development of effective strategies for controlling anaemia...

..Even in low/moderate malaria transmission settings, where older children suffer most malaria episodes, targeting effective malaria control at infants may produce important reductions in infant mortality caused by malaria...

..We undertook a randomised comparison of different strategies for control of anaemia and malaria in infants, including an assessment of the effect of iron supplementation on malaria susceptibility...

..Intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) is a promising strategy for malaria control in infants. We undertook a pooled analysis of the safety and efficacy of IPT in infants (IPTi) with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in Africa...

..Although efficacy information is available for many interventions, there is a dearth of data on the resources required for scaling up of health interventions...

..We investigated the role of age in disease incidence and the effects of chemoprophylaxis on clinical immunity development to Plasmodium falciparum during a randomised controlled trial...

..6% vs. SP 29.9%; P = 0.001). The level of R1 resistance to SP may herald a rapid decline in its efficacy as SP drug pressure increases. Coadministration of AQ+SP may delay this...

..We assessed the effectiveness of facility-based IMCI in rural Tanzania...

..The concentration of anaemia in infants and problems of access to health services and adequate case management underline the need for targeted preventive strategies for anaemia control...

..7% versus 37.3% at 12 months of age). We concluded that iron supplementation between the ages of 2-6 months improves iron status at least up to 12 months of age. Malaria infection does not contribute to iron deficiency...

..This paper reports on the reception of IPTi during the first implementation study of IPTi in southern Tanzania...

..With a view to developing health systems strategies to improve reach to high-risk groups, we present information on health and survival from household and health facility perspectives in five districts of southern Tanzania...

..A greater understanding of the relationship between transmission intensity, seasonality and the age-pattern of malaria is needed to guide appropriate targeting of malaria interventions in different epidemiological settings...

..Information on the role of parasites in this context is limited. Bronchiolitis in infancy has been linked with asthmatic symptoms later in childhood, although the underlying cause of this association is unknown...

..Intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) is a promising intervention for malaria control, although there are concerns about its impact on drug resistance...

..We sought evidence of inequities in health care by sex and socioeconomic status for young children living in a poor rural area of southern Tanzania...

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..We aimed to identify potential ways to equitably improve overall coverage of the intervention...

..The current paper seeks a procedure which avoids the disadvantages of these current options and whose parameter values are more clearly justified...

..As a result, test specificity may vary between age groups with different prevalence of P. falciparum infection...

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..We investigated mechanisms proposed for the action of IPTi and made predictions of the likely impact on morbidity and mortality...

..This study combines an understanding of gender issues relating to health and help-seeking behaviour with epidemiological knowledge concerning place of delivery...

..23, 1.71 and OR = 1.58; 95% CI 0.32, 7.88, respectively] suggesting that CBDOT may be a viable alternative to IBDOT. CBDOT may be particularly useful in parts of the country where people live far from health facilities...

..032). These results again show the high heterogeneity of virulence factors among EAEC isolates causing diarrhea in children, and that biofilm may be an important virulence factor, strongly associated with the presence of AggR...

..Some neonates are denied colostrum, which is perceived as dirty. Behaviour-change communication efforts are needed to improve early newborn care practices...