M A Aleksandrova

..Some growing nerve cells had long processes with growth cones. At the same time, some transplanted cells retained the undifferentiated state within one month after the implantation, as shown by the vimentin expression...

..All spheres, irrespective of age and duration of culturing, consisted of numerous cell rosettes, each histotypically similar to the neuroblastic layer of the developing retina...

..Recipient filaments grew into mesenchymal stem cell transplants containing no neural cells due to local changes in the extracellular matrix at the site of transplantation...

..Neural stem cells cultured with LIF migrated, apart from the above mentioned pathways, in the cortex and hippocampus, well survived; proliferating cells were retained 30 days after transplantation...

..After transplantation of long-cultured cells into the brain mainly committed neuroblasts and solitary nestin-positive cells migrated from the site of transplantation into the brain...

..The transplants and brain tissue were not separated with a glial barrier. Human neuroblasts widely migrated into regions of neuronal degeneration in the host brain...

..Our results demonstrate that cultured human neural stem/progenitor cells migrate and differentiate into both neurons and astrocytes after transplantation to the rat forebrain or cerebellum of young and adult rats...

..Cells from suspension transplants migrated intensely and differentiated into neurons and gliocytes. At the same time, transplants of whole neurospheres showed limited or no migration because of the development of a glial barrier...

....

..Human neural stem/progenitor cells were viable for not less than 3 months. They migrated and differentiated into neurons and glia in the traumatized spinal cord of adult rats...

..Immunohistochemical assay demonstrated that some cells differentiated into astrocytes and neurons, while others retained the embryonic phenotype...

..Our results demonstrate that the flow cytometry phenotyping allows the screening and standardization of HNSC samples for further expansion and transplantation...

..Stem cells were localized on the surface of clusters. The percentage of stem cells in large clusters was lower than in small clusters...

..They normalized animal behavior and improved conditioning in two-way avoidance response paradigm in a shuttle box...

..Cells from suspension transplants actively migrated and differentiated into neurons and glial cells. Meanwhile, cell migration from the transplanted whole neurospheres was limited or absent due to the formation of glial barrier...

..In most neurospheres, the nestin-immunopositive cells were located near the surface while the cells stained for beta-tubulin III and glial fibrillar acid protein, as compact groups inside the neurospheres...

..It can be hypothesized that heterotransplantation of the cerebral progenitor cells into the retina of experimental animals can lead to realization of their neurotrophic effect, but not to their functional integration...

..Culturing was accompanied by the formation of aggregates and neurospheres, where mitoses and progenitor or differentiated cells expressing markers of photoreceptors, neurons, and glia were found...

..These findings attest to the capacity of retinal pigment epithelium from adult human eye to transdifferentiation into neural lineage cells, which makes them an interesting object for cell therapy in neurodegeneration...

..In a serum-containing medium some cells underwent differentiation by the neuronal pathway, while others remained in the stem state...

..Transplanted cells survived, retained multipotent activity, migrated into the zone of injury, and stimulated reparation and regeneration in the traumatized retina...

..These cells express nestin, a marker of neural stem cells. The cells in "rosettes" found after transplantation have similar characteristics...

....

..Our experiments showed that genetically determined cell potencies typical of native cells are realized in primary cultures without specific stimulation...

....

..Otherwise, some heterogeneous cells of the radial glia include a previously unknown linear population that differentiates into S-100b-positive astrocytes...

..It was found that cells of mouse embryonic neocortex lose the capacity for spontaneous multipotent differentiation during culturing...

..However, irrespective of initial morphological features differentiation of retinal pigment cells can be modulated by varying culturing conditions...

....

..Most NADPH-D-positive neurons reach their structural-functional maturity already by the end of the first week of postnatal development, while their complete maturation takes place by the end of the second week of postnatal development...

..These data will help to create optimum conditions for culturing of neural stem cells for the maintenance of their maximum functional and proliferative activity...

..Human neural stem/progenitor cells were viable, migrated, and differentiated into neurons and glia in the traumatized spinal cord in adult rats...

..Our results indicate that xenogeneic transplantation of embryonic myogenic precursors compensates the genetic defect in dystrophin-deficient mice...