Jose M Ferro

..The aim of this case-control study was to assess the contribution of mtDNA polymorphisms and haplogroups to ischemic stroke risk...

..However, MMPs also have a beneficial activity in angiogenesis and neurovascular remodelling during the delayed neuroinflammatory response phase, thus possibly contributing to stroke functional recovery...

..We review the recent advances in the clinical and diagnostic aspects of SAH and in the genetics of intracranial aneurysms. A systematic review of the treatment of SAH and grading of the available evidence is included...

..The risk of seizure early after the diagnosis of cerebral vein and dural sinus thrombosis (CVT) is not known, and the use of prophylactic antiepileptic (AED) medication in the acute phase of CVT is controversial...

..Thus, patients should be encouraged to return to previous occupations and hobbies and reassured about the very low risk of recurrence...

..It is good or excellent for most of the occluded sinus and veins, except for the cortical veins. This study suggests that information on the location of CVT can be reliably collected and used in multicentre studies...

..Future directions should develop neuroprotective compounds that are safe and well tolerated, are effective in a broad range of patients and can be used with or without rt-PA...

..There is no evidence to support routine immediate anticoagulation in acute ischeamic stroke associated with AF...

..The clinical features and prognosis of cerebral vein and dural sinus thrombosis (CVT) in elderly patients have not been previously described...

..This preliminary result indicates that drugs with subtle ACH activity play a role in the pathogeneses of delirium in acute stroke. Medication with ACH activity should be avoided in acute stroke patients...

..The aim of this study was to investigate the risk factors for delirium in acute SAH and to analyse the relation between delirium and location and amount of haematic densities and hydrocephalus...

..There is a considerable delay until the clinical picture associated with CVT is recognised as justifying hospital admission, especially when patients present with symptoms identical to isolated intracranial hypertension syndrome...

..Significant advances in the management of poststroke emotional and behavioral disturbances will need the use of comparable instruments and methods and multicenter collaboration...

..Around 15% of patients die or become dependent after cerebral vein and dural sinus thrombosis (CVT)...

..Brain imaging of patients with acute cerebral venous thrombosis often shows parenchymal hemorrhagic and nonhemorrhagic lesions. The clinical relevance of nonhemorrhagic lesions is poorly known...

..Ventricular drainage with thrombolytics might improve outcome for patients with intraventricular bleeding. A large RCT and meta-analysis failed to show a benefit of surgery over conservative treatment in acute ICH...

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..Herniation attributable to unilateral mass effect is the major cause of death in cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT). Decompressive surgery may be lifesaving in these patients...

..We aimed to study if physical activity could interfere with progression for cognitive impairment and dementia in older people with white matter changes living independently...

..In this study we tested the hypothesis that the NOS1 and NOS3 genes, respectively encoding neuronal NOS (nNOS) and endothelial NOS (eNOS), influence stroke susceptibility and outcome after a stroke event...

..Self perceived memory complaints did not predict vascular dementia. In the LADIS study, self perceived memory complaints predicted AD but not vascular dementia in elderly subjects with WMC living independently...

..The natural history and long-term prognosis of cerebral vein and dural sinus thrombosis (CVT) have not been examined previously by adequately powered prospective studies...

..To analyse the outcome of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) patients presenting with isolated headache, specifically to compare isolated headache patients with early vs. late CVT diagnosis...

..White matter changes (WMC) are related to cognitive deficits and dementia. Our aim was to determine the extent to which the performance in neuropsychological tests would be able to predict the clinical diagnosis of dementia...

..We aimed to study if age-related white matter changes (WMC) and vascular risk factors were predictors of cognitive decline in elderly subjects with WMC living independently...

..Time to a second cerebral or systemic venous thrombotic event and risk factors for recurrence have not been investigated in large prospective studies...

..We aimed to analyze the effect of steroids on the outcome of patients in the International Study on Cerebral Veins and Dural Sinus Thrombosis (ISCVT)...

..We aimed to analyze the causes and predictors of death during the acute phase of CVT in the International Study on Cerebral Vein and Dural Sinus Thrombosis (ISCVT) to identify preventable or treatable causes...

..We aimed to determine if N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide could be a biomarker for ischemic stroke with a cardioembolic cause...

..Our aim was to study the influence of vascular risk factors and ARWMC on the neuropsychological performance of an independent elderly population, to see if vascular risk factors impair cognition in addition to the effects of ARWMC...

..All these factors limit patients' assessment of their condition and body functions...

..Randomised controlled trials of AED prophylaxis for acute and remote seizures are essential to improve the evidence level of current guidelines and recommendations...

..Multiple independent lines of evidence therefore support the role of TTC7B in stroke susceptibility, but further work is warranted to identify the exact risk variant and its pathogenic potential...

..Available evidence does not support routine immediate anticoagulation of acute cardioembolic stroke...

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..The aim of this review was to collect all the published information about their use in CVDST and to assess their efficacy and safety...

..There are few randomized trials upon which to base treatment recommendations...

..Mania is a rare consequence of stroke and according to the sparse published information it is difficult to describe its demographic, clinical and prognostic characteristics...

..Anger was probably triggered by the brain lesion, which interfered with the emotional control. The lack of an association with clinical and imaging variables suggests a contribution of psychological/psychosocial dimensions...

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..The identification of the patients at risk and non-pharmacological preventative interventions are the key measures in the management of delirium...

..The embolic risk of patent foramen ovale is low except when combined with an atrial septal aneurysm. Available evidence does not support routine immediate anticoagulation of acute cardioembolic stroke...

..Recent data suggest that stroke in young adults may be associated with Fabry disease. We aimed to ascertain the prevalence of this disorder among young adult patients with stroke in Portugal by GLA genotyping...

..The methodological problems of the negative studies are discussed, a number of unsolved issues are raised stressing the need for longitudinal studies of WMC with a adequate inception cohort...

..The aim of these guidelines is to define norms facilitating the launch of stroke units in all Portuguese hospitals admitting more than 300 stroke patients a year. By July 2002, five stroke units were already operating...

..The long-term functional prognosis of patients with CVDST was fairly good with complete recovery in the majority of cases. However, these patients had a moderate risk of further thrombotic events and seizures...

..2-1.6) and anticoagulation (OR = 3.8; 95% CI = 9.6-1.5). It is possible to identify CVDST patients with potential bad or good prognosis in the acute phase. Anticoagulation was safe and a predictor of complete recovery in acute CVDST...

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..Data on stroke incidence in Northern Portugal, the region with the highest mortality, are lacking. This study was designed to determine stroke incidence and case fatality in rural and urban populations in Northern Portugal...

..Validation of stroke diagnosis made by these medical doctors is poorly known. The present study seeks to validate the stroke diagnoses made by general practitioners (GPs) and hospital emergency service physicians (ESPs)...

..The presence of nausea/vomiting due to acute stroke can confound headache classification using the IHS criteria. In up to half of the patients, headache seems to be a reactivation of previous primary headache...

..Pharmacological prevention of seizures after CVDST should probably be limited to patients with early symptomatic seizures and cerebral lesions on admission CT/MR...

..08) and more left sided lesions (P=0.02) than patients without memory deficits. In this middle aged stroke survivors cognitive impairment was common 3 months after stroke, while dementia was infrequent...

..A negative impact of apathy secondary to stroke on clinical global outcome cannot be ascribed. Future research should properly address its predictor factors and evaluate the impact of apathy treatment options in stroke patients...

..Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of hemodynamic and immunologic mechanisms in these cases...

..In previous studies, suicidal thoughts in stroke patients were related to depression and recurrent stroke. The aim of this study was to describe the presence and correlates of suicidal thoughts in acute stroke patients...

..CVT is a frequent neurological manifestation of BD. When treated, BD-associated CVT bears a good prognosis. There is insufficient information regarding the role of concomitant prothrombotic disorders and specific treatments...

..We failed to demonstrate any relevant clinical significance of HITS in carotid dissection...

..Cognitive syndromes may pose special difficulties to neurology residents, unless formal teaching in neuropsychology and psychiatry is included in their training programs...

..Management of these patients must be decided by stratification of risk of recurrence for AF and from carotid stenosis and balance of these risks with that of endarterectomy...

..The prothrombin gene variant G20210A was first described as a risk factor for deep vein thrombosis, and recently for cerebral venous thrombosis, although reported cases had other concomitant risk factors...

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..Stroke characteristics do not inform much about its etiology, even if they can suggest a specific mechanism. We thought that multiple vertebrobasilar infarcts could be related with embolism, namely cardioembolism...

..To review the evidence that strokes need urgent hospital admission...