J Radwan

..We discuss the possibility that the trade-off between longevity and adaptation for fighting maintains genetic variation for the male morph in the studied species...

..However, sons of polyandrous females had lower reproductive success than sons of monandrous females. This shows that the maternal effects of polyandry should be taken into account whenever its costs and benefits are being considered...

..I discuss how the traditional ways of testing for genetic benefits can usefully be supplemented by tests detecting benefits resulting from specific mechanisms maintaining V A in sexual ornaments...

..Here, I present an overview of experimental tests of predictions of good genes and sexual conflict mechanisms in the bulb mite Rhizoglyphus robini...

..5 and 14.5%, respectively), whereas other fitness components (viability, longevity, male reproductive success) did not differ significantly between both types of lines and control populations...

..The response was asymmetrical (stronger in upward direction). Realised heritabilities were in the range of 0.3 (downward) and 0.8 (upward)...

..Indeed, fecundity of founder females was significantly associated with line survival, which suggests that line extinction rate may be used as a method to study individual mutational loads, for example, in studies of sexual selection...

..Developmental plasticity was retained throughout the protonymphal stage. Diet did not influence morph expression, but lowered temperature decreased the proportion of heteromorphs emerging...

..These findings appear to support hypotheses proposing that multi-male mating enables females to exercise postcopulatory mate-choice (direct or indirect, via sperm competition) and thus accrue genetic benefits...

..The populations in the postglacial expansion area thus provide the clearest example to date of the long-term survival of populations in which MHC variation, historically under positive selection, has been depleted...

..The level of DAB variation correlated with variation in microsatellite loci, implying that selection and drift interplayed to produce the pattern of MHC variation observed in marginal populations of the Alpine newt...

..In such complex systems, understanding of the evolutionary patterns and their causes has been limited due to challenges posed by genotyping...

..We performed sequencing and de novo assembly of the bank vole heart transcriptome in lines selected for high metabolism and unselected controls...

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..However, no signal of positive selection was evident in the MHC class I genes. These contrasting patterns of sequence evolution may reflect differences in selection pressures acting on class I and class II genes...

..Neither have we found a significant association between DRB3 alleles or genotypes and susceptibility to posthitis. Alleles conferring resistance to males may have been lost during the extreme bottleneck the species had undergone...

..The results suggest that selection on MHC is not strong enough to counteract drift that results from recent fragmentation of spotted suslik populations...

..53. Such high inbreeding depression together with moderately low heritability is consistent with the view that sperm competitive ability is under strong directional selection and strongly influences the reproductive success of males...

..tetraptera. However, the intensity of infection with A. tetraptera was linearly and negatively associated with the number of alleles...

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..We discuss why dimorphic sexual traits may show more condition-independent genetic variance than continuous sexual traits...

..Altogether these data show a trade-off, with the male SS genotype associated with their higher fertilization efficiency but at the cost of a negative impact on the fecundity of females mating with them...

..These results demonstrate how abiotic as well as biotic aspects of the environment can be important in determining the frequencies of males adopting alternative tactics in different species or populations...

..The second male sired on average 67% of progeny. Enzyme polymorphism can be used to study poorly known aspects of acarid mites biology, such as their mating systems and population structure under natural conditions and in stored foods...