T H Jafar

..The purpose of the review was to examine recent evidence about the burden and factors associated with hypertension and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in Asian countries...

..Further research is needed to assess the clinical applicability of these findings...

..We conducted an observational study to determine the delay in presentation to hospital, and its associates among patients experiencing first Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) in Karachi, Pakistan...

..We determined the prevalence of and risk factors for poor/fair SRH among individuals aged > or =15 years in Pakistan (n = 9442)...

..This cross-sectional study estimated the prevalence and identified risk factors associated with Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and HCV antibody (anti-HCV) sero-positivity among children 1 to 15 years of age...

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..Evidence for the transition in nutrition in Indo-Asian developing countries is lacking. We conducted these analyses to determine the trends in nutritional status of school-aged children in urban Pakistan...

..Further studies are needed to determine factors in early life that may differentially predispose certain ethnic groups to proteinuria...

..We conducted this study to determine the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) and its risk factors in Karachi, Pakistan...

..We performed a patient-level meta-analysis to compare the effect of antihypertensive regimens, including ACE inhibitors, to those without ACE inhibitors (controls) on kidney disease progression in patients with PKD...

..We analyzed the National Health Survey of Pakistan (NHSP) (1990-1994) data to study the same in the population of Pakistan...

..The findings indicate that one in five middle-aged adults in urban Pakistan may have underlying CAD. Women are at greater risk than men. Trial registration number: NCT00327574...

..Despite convincing evidence that lowering blood pressure decreases cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, the hypertension burden remains high and control rates are poor in developing countries...

..Inclusion of terms for ethnic and racial groups other than white and black might improve the performance of GFR estimating equations...

..The comparator was no intervention (or usual care). The reduction in BP was most pronounced in the combined group. The present study examined the cost-effectiveness of these strategies...

..However, measured GFR in a general adult population of South Asian origin has not been studied...

..To assess the effectiveness of a community based lifestyle intervention on blood pressure in children and young adults in a developing country setting...

..We compared the use of spot urine albumin concentration and urine albumin to creatinine excretion ratio for detection of albuminuria in this population...

..Prevalence of proteinuria is high in South Asians. However, ethnic subgroup differences and determinants of proteinuria within the South Asian population have not been explored...

..Therefore, we undertook this analysis to explore the independent association of renal disease progression with gender...

..Ultimately, physicians and transplant surgeons have the responsibility to ensure to the best of their ability that the organs they transplant were obtained upholding the highest standards of ethics...

..To study the within ethnic subgroup variations in diabetes and central obesity among South Asians...

..Major electrocardiographic (ECG) changes are predictive of cardiovascular mortality. We determined the association of MA with major ECG changes in the general population of Pakistan...

..Control of blood pressure (BP) remains suboptimal worldwide. The objective of this study was to determine whether (primary) general practitioners' (GPs) approach to high BP is in accordance with international guidelines...

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..Angiotensin-converting inhibitors are indicated for treatment of nondiabetic patients with chronic renal disease and proteinuria and, possibly, those without proteinuria...

..We analysed data collected during a nationwide cross-sectional household survey to estimate the prevalence of, and to identify factors associated with, blood pressure screening in Pakistan...

..The current level of urine protein excretion is a modifiable risk factor for the progression of non-diabetic renal disease. ACE inhibitors provide greater beneficial effect at all levels of current urine protein excretion...

..0 g/d. Systolic blood pressure less than 110 mm Hg may be associated with a higher risk for kidney disease progression...

..Further study would provide valuable etiological and therapeutic clues...

..The association of parental consanguinity with acute myocardial infarction is reported for the first time and deserves further study...

..CONCLUSIONS: One out of every two to three middle-aged men in Pakistan smoke cigarettes. Our findings suggest that ethnically sensitive smoking control programmes that include measures for improving literacy rates are needed in Pakistan...

..We hypothesised that genetic variants associated with diabetes-related traits in Europeans would explain a similar proportion of phenotypic variance in a Pakistani population and could be used in Mendelian randomisation analyses...

..Following these recommendations is likely to minimize the risk of development of kidney failure and cardiovascular disease...

..To determine the impact of a simple educational package for general practitioners on adherence to antihypertensive drugs...

..Funding agencies must be encouraged to provide support to collaborative groups combining databases...

..Estimates and determinants of left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in this population are not known. We sought to determine the prevalence of and risk factors for LVH in Karachi, Pakistan...

..We assessed the effect of a low vs. high-sodium diet on blood pressure in normotensive Indo-Asian adults...

..Patients with proteinuria <500 mg/d do not seem to benefit, even when at relatively high risk for progression...