A H Gilani

....

....

..So Rooibos tea possesses a combination of dominant K(ATP) channel activation and weak Ca(++) antagonist mechanisms and hence justifies its use in hyperactive gastrointestinal disorders...

..This study shows potential with respect to its medicinal use in cardiovascular and gut disorders...

..Coriander (Coriandrum sativum) is traditionally used for various gastrointestinal and cardiovascular disorders and this study was designed to rationalize its use in dyspepsia, abdominal colic, diarrhea, hypertension and as diuretic...

..The objective of this study was to explore the possible mode(s) of action for its antispasmodic, vasodilator and cardio-suppressant effects to rationalize its medicinal use in gut and cardiovascular disorders...

..This study was designed to provide pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of Fumaria parviflora in gut motility disorders...

..This study was undertaken to provide pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of Viola odorata Linn. in hypertension and dyslipidemia using the in vivo and in vitro assays...

..The objective of present study was to provide the pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of Morinda citrifolia Linn in dyslipidemia using the aqueous-ethanolic extracts of its fruits (Mc.Cr.F), leaves (Mc.Cr.L) and roots (Mc.Cr.R)...

..While the ethnopharmacologists have a greater role to play in the rationalization of combination of activities, the phytochemist's role will slightly shift towards standardization of botanicals...

..These results indicate that the antispasmodic and hypotensive effects of Valeriana wallichii are mediated possibly through K(ATP) channel activation, which justify its use in gastrointestinal and cardiovascular disorders...

....

..Furthermore, the presence of Ca2+ antagonist and PDE inhibitory-like constituents might also be contributing to some extent in the well established use of plant in depression...

..These findings scientifically validated the traditional use of Artemisia vulgaris for various liver disorders...

..These results indicate that DC-2 and DC-3 may be acting through blockade of calcium channels and this effect may be responsible for the blood pressure lowering effect of the compounds observed in the in vivo studies...

..Cr produced a dose-dependent rightward shift of the Ca2+ dose-response curves, similar to verapamil. These results suggest that the blood pressure lowering effect of olive is mediated through CCB, justifying its use in hypertension...

..The ripe dried fruit of Ficus carica Linn. (Moraceae) commonly known as "Fig" has medicinal value in traditional system of medicine for its use in gastrointestinal and inflammatory disorders...

..This review focuses on the detailed phytochemical composition, medicinal uses, along with pharmacological properties of different parts of this multipurpose tree...

..The present investigation was carried out to provide the pharmacological basis for the medicinal use of Terminalia bellerica in hyperactive gastrointestinal and respiratory disorders...

..Cr occur at much lower concentrations in the trachea and bladder. This study offers explanations for the medicinal use of H. niger in treating gastrointestinal and respiratory disorders and bladder hyperactivity...

..The presence of spasmolytic constituents of CCB-type more evident in the spontaneous contracting gut preparation may explain its use in spasms...

..Furthermore, curcumin, the main active principle, does not share all effects of turmeric...

..Furthermore, these characteristic compounds with dual activity may be good candidates for further studies on their usefulness in Alzheimer's disease...

..Origanum vulgare Linn has traditionally been used in the treatment of urolithiasis. Therefore, we investigated the crude extract of Origanum vulgare for possible antiurolithic effect, to rationalize its medicinal use...

....

..Its calcium channel blocking property may be mechanistically related to these activities. Its usefulness in folk medicine appears thus to be based on a sound mechanistic background...

..It is suggested that some of the traditional uses of this plant may be explained on the basis of these activities...

..Furthermore, the laxative effect of the plant reported in the traditional system of medicine may be partially due to the cholinergic action, which was dominant over the spasmolytic component...

..In this study, we investigated the crude extract of Borago officinalis leaves (Bo.Cr) for its antispasmodic, bronchodilator, vasodilator and cardio-depressant activities to rationalize some of the traditional uses...

..Cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum) is traditionally used in various gastrointestinal, cardiovascular and neuronal disorders...

..Holarrhena antidysenterica Wall. (Apocynaceae) is widely used in traditional medical system for treatment of constipation, colic, and diarrhea...

..Among the pure compounds, Bdl-H3 is likely to be the active compound involved in the spasmolytic and possibly BP lowering effect of the parent crude extract...

..The study was aimed to investigate the chemical composition and pharmacological basis for traditional use of essential oil of Nepeta cataria L. (Limiaceae) (Nc.Oil) in gastrointestinal and respiratory disorders...

..The study shows the presence of a histaminergic component(s) along with a weak spasmolytic factor thus providing sound mechanistic basis for the traditional use of the plant in constipation...

..These data indicate that the presence of cholinergic and CCB constituents in Fi.Cr may explain the respective traditional use of Fumaria indica in constipation and diarrhoea...

..These results indicate the presence of calcium antagonist(s) in Carum copticum seeds and thus provides sound mechanistic basis for some of their folkloric uses...

..Its usefulness for diarrhoea and asthma in traditional medicine, appears thus to be based on a sound mechanistic background...

..These results suggest that the GABA effect is not mediated by traditional neuronal GABA receptors. We propose that wortmannin inhibits aggregation at a nexus downstream from membrane mechanisms triggered by the GABA-A23187 interaction...

..These data indicate that Hyoscyamus niger lowers BP through a Ca(++)-antagonist mechanism...

..4. These results indicate that the antiplatelet aggregatory activity of the extract of A. nilotica is mainly due to blockade of Ca2+ channels, although evidence also suggests the involvement of protein kinase C...

..These results suggest that the curcumin-mediated preferential inhibition of PAF- and AA-induced platelet aggregation involves inhibitory effects on TXA2 synthesis and Ca2+ signaling, but without the involvement of PKC...

..Cr in the gut though the preferential binding of the constituents of betel nut extract at muscarinic receptor subtypes in heart cannot be ignored...

..001). Though of low efficacy compared with levamisole, the use of A. indica seeds against gastrointestinal nematodes may be justified in some situations, depending on the nature and intensity of the helminth infections...

..These results suggest that antiplatelet effects of cinchonine are mediated mainly through inhibition of Ca2+-influx and protein kinase C pathways in platelets...

..These results indicate that the presence of compounds with spasmolytic and calcium antagonist activity may be responsible for the medicinal use of the plant in diarrhoea...

..We conclude that the synergistic interaction between 5-HT and ionophore may be mediated by activation of PLC/Ca2+ and PI 3-kinase signalling pathways, but definitive proof will require other enzyme inhibitors with greater specificity...

....

..In view of the fact that nitric oxide is a pro-inflammatory mediator, this study validates the traditional use of the Nigella sativa seeds for the treatment of rheumatism...

..These results indicate that the aqueous extract of Nigella sativa seeds exhibits inhibitory effect against candidiasis and this study validates the traditional use of the plant in fungal infections...

..These results indicate that Carthamus oxycantha contains a combination of spasmogenic (cholinergic) and spasmolytic (calcium antagonist) constituents...

..Some recommendations have also been given to provide the path to initiate research in this area of potential therapeutic value and public concern...

..However, a serum factor may be produced by MTX that modulates the activity of cyclooxygenase, thereby influencing aggregation...

....

..Bergenia ligulata is widely used plant in South Asia, mainly India and Pakistan, as a traditional medicine for treatment of urolithiasis...

..These data, indicating the presence of antiurolithic activity in Berberis vulgaris root bark, rationalize its medicinal use for the treatment of urolithiasis...

..To investigate the possible mechanism and the compound(s) responsible for the antiplatelet and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory effects of Areca catechu crude extract (Ac.Cr)...

..The antioxidant and analgesic activities obtained seem to be in good accordance with the medicinal uses of Aztec marigold as an anti-inflammatory and analgesic...