Eiliv Lund E

..In our study, globin reduction was not found to be beneficial using the Applied Biosystems microarray system (AB1700)...

..The present study was a methodological sub-study to assess the test-retest reproducibility of the NOWAC food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), and to study how measurement errors in the data can affect estimates of disease risk...

..It is therefore useful to estimate the burden of disease associated with indoor and outdoor air pollution...

..The introduction of high-throughput technologies, also called -omics technologies, into epidemiology has raised the need for high-quality observational studies to reduce several sources of error and bias...

..The purpose of this report was to classify mammograms according to four methods and to examine their agreement and their relationship to selected risk factors for breast cancer...

..Here, we report on the results of a large and comprehensive study of the association between genetic variation in the AR gene and risk of breast cancer in the National Cancer Institute Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium (BPC3)...

..A secondary objective was to validate self-reported questionnaire information on menstruation and HRT use in the Norwegian Women and Cancer postgenome cohort (NOWAC)...

..We studied the association between breast cancer risk and polymorphisms in genes that code for GNRH1 and its receptor (GNRHR) in the large National Cancer Institute Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium (NCI-BPC3)...

..3 million inhabitants in northwestern Russia. The aim of this investigation was to assess the content and quality of the AO cancer registry (AKR), and to present the site-specific cancer-incidence rates in AO in the period 1993-2001...

..The study investigated whether results on the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire, which is used for diagnosis of seasonal affective disorder, differed by the season in which the questionnaire was completed...

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..This article provides an overview of the background of the study and a description of the methods employed for the data collection. We give sample characteristics and elaborate on different definitions of ethnicity...

..Systems epidemiology with a focus on gene functions challenges the current concept of biobanking, which focuses mainly on DNA analyses...

..The aim of this paper was to study the external validity of the cohort as a necessary premise for the estimation of population attributable risk...

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..Furthermore, we wanted to examine how weight loss attempts are related to BMI and to age, socioeconomic status, reproductive factors, lifestyle and diet...

..To identify different dietary patterns in Norway using a combination of cluster and factor analysis...

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..To compare the diet and lifestyle in breast cancer survivors and healthy women...

..The feasibility study described herein was prompted by a report in 1992 of possible reproductive and developmental health concerns among female workers in a Russian nickel refinery...

..The higher prevalence of respiratory symptoms in Russian children probably reflects a higher prevalence of undiagnosed, nonallergic asthma...

..The Sámis are an indigenous population living in the border areas of Norway, Sweden, Finland and Russia...

..To assess vitamin D status and the impact of three fish meals consisting of cod liver and fresh cod-liver oil on the plasma level of vitamin D metabolites in an area with high consumption of cod liver and cod-liver oil...

..The aim of this study was to describe the use of dietary supplements in subsamples of the 10 countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)...

..To assess the use of cod-liver oil supplements among Norwegian women and to examine dietary, lifestyle, demographic, and health factors associated with use of this supplement...

..In conclusion, neither of the study populations suffered from a measurable reduction in lung function when SO2 increased above the reference level...

..The aim of this investigation was to estimate the site-specific cancer incidence rates in Arkhangelskaja Oblast (AO), and to make a comparison with the incidence in Norway...

..It is our view that the latter advice is most appropriately formulated in the context of risk management, of which both epidemiologic evidence and risk assessment are essential components...

..To determine the vitamin D status of middle-aged women living in the Norwegian arctic and its relationship with vitamin D intake and exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation...

..The inter-element relationships and grouping of the elements observed should constitute a scientific base for the use of placenta composition in environmental monitoring and epidemiological studies...

..A combination of childhood and adult milk consumption produced a clear negative trend in breast cancer incidence rate ratios with increasing milk consumption (p = 0.03)...

..To assess the prevalence of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) among Norwegian women and examine factors related to use...

..Age and gender remain the strongest predictors of plasma levels of POPs in this study whereas fish liver intake was not significantly associated with the POPs...

..The small number of incident cases, combined with the narrow range of physical activity reported, may have limited our ability to detect an association between physical activity and lung cancer in women...

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..37). In this cohort, use of HC seems to reduce the risk of epithelial ovarian neoplasia markedly and persistently in relation to the duration of use...

..The protective effect of physical activity on colon cancer risk is discussed in regard to energy balance, dietary factors, age, social class, body mass index and gastrointestinal transit time...

..The prevalence of AEDS which increased substantially between 1985 and 1995 did not change from 1995 to 2000. However, the prevalence of allergic rhinoconjunctivitis increased steadily from 1985, 1995 to 2000...

..This discrepancy might reflect different awareness of allergies in the two countries and demonstrates the need for objective markers of atopy when comparing prevalence in different populations...

..Even so, false positive results are a matter of concern, and efforts should be made to minimise this cost whenever a screening programme is conducted...

..Thus, although genetic variation in CYP19A1 produces measurable differences in estrogen levels among postmenopausal women, the magnitude of the change was insufficient to contribute detectably to breast cancer...

..Use of oral contraceptives and the risk of cancer continues to be an issue...

..Transportation of beta-HCH by ocean currents through the Bering Strait into the Arctic Ocean or regional point sources might explain these elevated levels...

..We have concluded that in Norwegian women, fish liver consumption was not associated with an increased cancer risk in breast, uterus, or colon. In contrast, a decreased risk for total cancer was found...

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..Findings from this large study support the causal relation between smoking and gastric cancer in this European population. Stomach cancer should be added to the burden of diseases caused by smoking...

..46, 95 % CI 1.04, 2.06). This association disappeared when excluding women with less than 1 year of follow-up. In conclusion, the present study does not support the hypothesis of a protective effect of fish against colon cancer risk...

..Here we report the first results from a large prospective cohort study of pigmentation factors and sun exposure in relation to melanoma risk...

..Using data from 274,688 women participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition study (EPIC), we investigated the relation between alcohol intake and the risk of breast cancer...

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..The purpose of this study was to investigate iron status in a population with a high proportion of miners in the northernmost part of Norway...

..The findings from this analysis can be regarded as re-enforcing recommendations with regard to enhanced fruit consumption for populations. However, the effect is likely to be small compared to smoking cessation...

..The reduction of endometrial cancer risk observed among postmenopausal women does not have direct public health relevance since cigarette smoking is the main known risk factor for cancer...

..The UV-hour variable significantly predicted 25(OH)D levels in blood when adjusted for intakes and artificial UV-radiation exposure and sun holidays abroad...

..005). Current/recent use of OCs is associated with an increased breast cancer risk. Use of combined OCs and progestin-only pills seem to increase the risk at the same level...

..In the assessment of potential health effects related to acrylamide exposure, country of origin, BMI, alcohol consumption, sex, and smoking status should be considered...

..To investigate the prevalence of self-reported experiences of ethnic discrimination and bullying among Sami and non-Sami adults...

..Study design. Population-based cross-sectional design, using food frequency questionnaires...

..To obtain reliable data on human levels of POPs it is, on the basis of these findings, recommended that blood samples should be collected from fasting individuals and both wet-weight and lipid-weight levels should be reported...

..To assess changes in plasma 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations after ingestion of <<Mølje>>, a traditional north Norwegian fish dish rich in vitamin D...

..002). In conclusion, the increased risk of breast cancer related with OC formulations could be due mostly to estrogen component...

..This requires considerable work to standardize dietary measurements at the food and the nutrient levels...

..Our findings do not support the hypothesis that common germ line variation in CYP17 makes a substantial contribution to postmenopausal breast or prostate cancer susceptibility...

..Some women may develop breast cancer soon after exposure to OCs, leading to a deficit of cases of older women. Further investigation is therefore required to identify young women at high risk...

..Northern Norway consists of a multiethnic population of Sámi and non-Sámi. We evaluated iron status in these two groups with respect to gender, age and residence...

..In summary, our study shows a statistical significant positive dose-response association between current use of the continuous E(2) plus NETA combination and both measures of mammographic density...

..We have investigated the association between occasional smoking and cancer of the bladder, kidney, pancreas, upper aero-digestive tract and lung...

..The association between consumption of fruit and vegetables and risk of ovarian cancer is still unclear from a prospective point of view...

..The most important finding of this prospective study is that, at least in women, 4-ABP-Hb adducts may help identify subjects at high risk of cancers related to environmental tobacco smoke exposure...

..No excess risk was found for underweight premenopausal women. The data indicate that the rapidly growing prevalence of obesity in many Western countries will substantially increase premature deaths among young women...

..Whether the interactive effect differs according to menopausal status remains unclear and needs further investigations...

..Our results suggest that HRT could be considered a major determinant for the increasing incidence of breast cancer in Norway...

..CONCLUSIONS: Our data confirm that colorectal cancer risk is positively associated with high consumption of red and processed meat and support an inverse association with fish intake...

..The aim of this study was to investigate reasons for starting and discontinuing HRT use and examine the prevalence of side-effects and what impact they had on pattern of use...

..CONCLUSION: Although the period of follow-up is limited for now, the results suggest that total or specific vegetable and fruit intake is not associated with risk for breast cancer...

..The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between use of HRT and risk of breast cancer in a Norwegian cohort of women...

..To examine the effect of smoking on breast cancer risk in a large population-based cohort of women, many of whom started smoking as teenagers...

..After multivariate adjustment for potential confounders related to level of education, the variation in cancer risk according to educational levels declined into nonsignificance for all these sites...

..In the context of the inconsistent scientific literature, our findings probably reflect that physical activity is not causally related with ovarian cancer...

..Although there was no overall association between ethanol intake and risk of lung cancer, the authors cannot rule out a lower risk for moderate consumption and a possibly increased risk for high lifelong consumption...

..04 (95% CI 0.82-1.32). The results of our study suggest a clear positive gradient in risk for breast cancer by level of education, which can be fully explained by established breast cancer risk factors...

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..Based on the Sámi Health Study, we compare the use of hypnotics among the Sámi and non-Sámi people, living in the same area at 70 degrees N in northern Norway...

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..The decreased risk of premenopausal breast cancer was observed in overweight and obese women without, but not in those with, a family history of breast cancer...

..09). Moreover, we observed an interaction between plasma vitamin C and ENOC (P < 0.02). ENOC formation may account for our previously reported association between red and processed meat consumption and gastric cancer risk...

..The purpose of this study was to describe patient satisfaction in general practice among the Sámi monolingual population, as compared with the Norwegian population...

..We examined the risks of gastric cancer and esophageal adenocarcinoma associated with meat consumption within the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort...

..Among premenopausal women, weight and BMI showed nonsignificant inverse associations with breast cancer...

..Although the period of follow-up is relatively short, the results provide no evidence for an association between fish intake and breast cancer risk...

..Physical activity has been found to be associated with decreased risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women in the majority of epidemiologic studies, but the association is inconsistent in premenopausal women...