National Institute of Public Health

..Some have reported a positive correlation between the level of LPS in house dust and the symptoms of asthmatic children. Others have found that exposure to LPS appears to protect against the development of atopic disease in children...

..Cluster randomized controlled trial...

..Increasingly, disinfectants are included in consumer products. Broad-scale use of antiseptics and disinfectants may have detrimental ecological consequences, for instance the development of antimicrobial resistance...

..We looked at the evidence of whether ring fencing elective surgery is an effective strategy to reduce disturbance from emergency activities, and improve the overall efficiency in hospitals with emergency as well as elective activities...

..The WHO needs to add an indicator of equality in access to its present indicator of fairness in financing...

..The purpose of this study is to describe the risk behavior for sexually transmitted diseases in Norwegian blood donors...

..The aim of this study was to assess the impact of being seronegative for some viruses transmitted by close contact on the risk of developing preeclampsia...

..The Cancer Registry of Norway maintains that there will be at least a 30% reduction in mortality, but that an effect may not be detected until the ten-year follow-up...

..This does not mean that yeast colonization is insignificant; however, more accurate criteria and methods based on prospective clinical studies are needed to detect patients at risk of developing severe Candida infection...

..To describe body mass index (BMI), waist circumference and waist-hip ratio in a Palestinian West Bank village population, and to assess the associations of these variables to blood pressure and serum lipids...

..The results suggest the alveolar type 2 cell to be an important participant in the inflammatory response following exposure to particles...

..The pertussis epidemic in Norway 1997-98 demonstrated decreasing vaccine immunity from age 5-6 years. The possibility of improving immunity against both diseases by a booster dose during early school age is therefore under consideration...

..The overall aim of this study was to investigate how airborne house dust particles may contribute to an allergic immune response, and thereby also to asthma and allergic diseases...

..The results indicate that a persistent ERK activation of a critical size leads to type 2 cell proliferation, and that the proliferative response may also depend on a MEK-independent ERK activation...

..Semistructured interviews, group discussions, and a mailed survey...

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..An early sign of a major heterosexual human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic will be heterosexual infection acquired from persons who were themselves infected through heterosexual intercourse...

..The method is applied on 3201 female breast cancer and 1372 male colon cancer patients...

..No significant effects of frequent use of personal stereo players or regular attendance at discotheques or rock concerts could be demonstrated. There were clear effects of recurrent ear infections and head injury...

..The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of depression in postpartum women as compared with non-postpartum women, and to identify risk factors of depression in both groups...

..pneumoniae IgG. These results do not support the association of C. pneumoniae with aortic valves and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in patients with atherosclerotic aortic heart valve disease...

..This relationship may be important both for allergen avoidance strategies and, alternatively, for allergy prophylaxis by allergen exposure of the mother...

..Given the close relation between birthweight and perinatal mortality, we explored whether ethnic differences in birthweight explain ethnic differences in perinatal mortality...

..Africans seek asylum in Norway and some Norwegians work for longer periods in Africa. We used the Norwegian surveillance system for communicable diseases (1983-99) to assess the connections between the Norwegian and African epidemics...

..The present study indicates an ongoing increase in human exposure to BFRs, and the current body burden appears to be independent of age, except for infants (0-4 years old), who seem to experience elevated exposure...

..No such links could be established. We therefore concluded that in these diazotrophic Synechocystis-type cyanobacteria the green light-induced transcription of the cpe operon directly required a functional apc operon...

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..Wheezing and chest tightness is associated with respiratory tract infections. Thus the occurrence of respiratory tract infections may influence the prevalence of asthma...

..The aim of this study was to find out to what extent the codes for external causes of injury were utilised by the hospitals...

..To assess the associations between birth weight or gestational age and risk of type 1 diabetes...

..The three-enzyme combination gave a higher discrimination, and is thus a new alternate way of performing AFLP fingerprinting of S. typhimurium...

..This study follows up previous work on the influence of social class, strain and social support on maternal mental distress when the children were 18 months old...

..This demonstrates that intranasal administration of a non-proliferating bacterial vaccine without any additional mucosal adjuvant can induce vaccine-specific T cell responses related to mucosal IgA secretion...

..Transgenic cancer models demonstrate a strong gene-environment interaction, which is promising for the development of chemopreventive strategies...

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..In 1996, the Advisory Board of Infectious Disease Control, National Institute of Public Health, Norway, recommended that pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine should be administered to all ..

..SSG injected 24 h post-challenge had a curative effect against type 6B but not type 4 pneumococcal infection. The data demonstrate that SSG administered systemically protects against pneumococcal infection in mice...

..Our objective was to use a causal model for childhood asthma to determine whether the effect of day care attendance on asthma was mediated by recurrent respiratory tract infections...

..It is also important that selective fungal media be used in clinical studies of yeast infections...

..Based on an overall evaluation of these experiments, the intestinal tract, at least in rats and mice, seems not to be a main target organ for effects of MCA or MX on preneoplastic or neoplastic development...

..One QAC resistant strain harbouring the smr gene showed resistance to ampicillin, penicillin, tetracycline, erythromycin and trimethoprim. No enterotoxin production was detected among the QAC resistant strains...

..Cyanogen bromide cleavage of P1.19,15 PorA, peptide mapping, and sequencing of porA regions demonstrated that 2-1-P1.15 was specific for subtype P1.19, and henceforth it is to be redesignated as 2-1-P1.19...

..The number of mites per area indicates the number of mites in the home. The number of mites per weight unit of dust describes the concentration of mites in the vacuum cleaner...

..01). Based on the assumption that the formation of ACF with high multiplicity is predicative for the tumour development we conclude that neonatal rats are more susceptible to PhIP and azoxymethane than adult rats...

..A similar increase was not found for IgG2a. Our results show that beta-1,3-D-glucan provides a clear Th2-dependent (allergic) immune response to OA, indicated by elevated levels of IgE and IgG1 and not IgG2a, in the mouse model used...

..major protects against pneumococcal infection in mice when administered systemically prechallenge, and secondly that the protective effect is owing to stimulation of the innate and not the adaptive immune system...

..Higher similarities between the HAstV, FAstV and PAstV capsid sequences suggest interspecies transmissions involving humans, cats and pigs relatively recently in the evolutionary history of astroviruses...

..Our objective was to use a causal model for childhood asthma to determine whether the effect of day care attendance on asthma was mediated by recurrent respiratory tract infections...

..The estimated detection limits of TriBP, PeBP, TCBP-A and TBBP-A were 0.3, 0.4, 3.0 and 0.8 pg g(-1) plasma, respectively. The method has been used for analysis of plasma samples from potentially occupationally exposed human individuals...

..The evidence, though limited, suggests that the additional risk may be small relative to more traditional security threats...

..The incidence of childhood home injuries is currently high. A portion of these injuries could be prevented by simple safety precautions...

..These findings imply that individuals exposed to particulate air pollution at one point of time may develop an increased reaction towards allergens inhaled later that day or even several days after the particle exposure...

..Since 1987, more than 95% of pregnant Norwegian women have accepted the offer of an antenatal HIV test. We investigated women's opinion regarding antenatal HIV testing...

..We studied the combination of all-trans-retinoic acid (RA), difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) and the tripeptide colon mitosis inhibitor (CMI) on the in vivo growth of human colon carcinoma cells (HT-29) in athymic mice...

..The human sera contained antibodies to high molecular proteins co-purified with hsp70. Some of these proteins could be the pneumococcal surface protein A...

..Antibody tests from 5.5 million European blood donors have shown that the HTLV prevalence is low, ranging from 0 to 0.02%. This paper examines costs and effects associated with the intervention of testing all new blood donors for HTLV...

..Furthermore, SPM was found to elicit a local lymph node inflammatory response, and to have an adjuvant activity on the production of IgE antibodies to ovalbumin (OA)...

..However, blotting at a higher serum dilution (1/2000) resulted in anti-PorB levels that also correlated strongly (r(s)=0.93 P<0.001) with the ELISA measurements...

..The quality of the studies varies, and they are not directly comparable. The relation between daycare attendance and asthma and atopy is unclear, and further studies designed to answer this specific research question are needed...

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