P F Smith

Summary

Affiliation: University of Otago
Country: New Zealand

Publications

  1. ncbi Cytosolic glucocorticoid receptor expression in the rat vestibular nucleus and hippocampus following unilateral vestibular deafferentation
    Libby Lindsay
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Exp Brain Res 162:309-14. 2005
  2. ncbi A multivariate statistical and data mining analysis of spatial memory-related behaviour following bilateral vestibular loss in the rat
    Paul F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, New Zealand Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand Electronic address
    Behav Brain Res 246:15-23. 2013
  3. ncbi A possible explanation for dizziness following SSRI discontinuation
    Paul F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Acta Otolaryngol 130:981-3. 2010
  4. ncbi Cannabinoids in the treatment of pain and spasticity in multiple sclerosis
    Paul F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Curr Opin Investig Drugs 3:859-64. 2002
  5. ncbi Therapeutic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists: will reality meet expectation?
    Paul F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Curr Opin Investig Drugs 4:826-32. 2003
  6. ncbi Neuroprotection against hypoxia-ischemia by insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I)
    Paul F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    IDrugs 6:1173-7. 2003
  7. ncbi Medicinal cannabis extracts for the treatment of multiple sclerosis
    Paul F Smith
    University of Otago, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Curr Opin Investig Drugs 5:727-30. 2004
  8. ncbi GW-1000. GW Pharmaceuticals
    Paul F Smith
    University of Otago, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Curr Opin Investig Drugs 5:748-54. 2004
  9. ncbi The effects of vestibular lesions on hippocampal function in rats
    Paul F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Prog Neurobiol 75:391-405. 2005
  10. ncbi Does vestibular damage cause cognitive dysfunction in humans?
    Paul F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    J Vestib Res 15:1-9. 2005

Collaborators

Detail Information

Publications103 found, 100 shown here

  1. ncbi Cytosolic glucocorticoid receptor expression in the rat vestibular nucleus and hippocampus following unilateral vestibular deafferentation
    Libby Lindsay
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Exp Brain Res 162:309-14. 2005
    ..However, long-term changes in GR expression in CA1 might be related to chronic deficits in hippocampal function and spatial cognition following vestibular damage...
  2. ncbi A multivariate statistical and data mining analysis of spatial memory-related behaviour following bilateral vestibular loss in the rat
    Paul F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, New Zealand Brain Health Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand Electronic address
    Behav Brain Res 246:15-23. 2013
    ..These results suggest that the poor performance of rats with BVD in spatial memory tasks is largely due to spatial memory deficits themselves rather than a result of other changes in locomotor activity or anxiety...
  3. ncbi A possible explanation for dizziness following SSRI discontinuation
    Paul F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Acta Otolaryngol 130:981-3. 2010
    ..Here we suggest that the abrupt withdrawal from an SSRI is likely to cause a sudden decrease in serotonin in the VNC, which will disrupt the function of VNC neurons bilaterally, causing dizziness without vertigo...
  4. ncbi Cannabinoids in the treatment of pain and spasticity in multiple sclerosis
    Paul F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Curr Opin Investig Drugs 3:859-64. 2002
    ..If rapid absorption is necessary, such synthetic drugs could be delivered via aerosol formulations...
  5. ncbi Therapeutic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonists: will reality meet expectation?
    Paul F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Curr Opin Investig Drugs 4:826-32. 2003
    ....
  6. ncbi Neuroprotection against hypoxia-ischemia by insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I)
    Paul F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    IDrugs 6:1173-7. 2003
    ....
  7. ncbi Medicinal cannabis extracts for the treatment of multiple sclerosis
    Paul F Smith
    University of Otago, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Curr Opin Investig Drugs 5:727-30. 2004
    ..This review critically evaluates the most recent evidence available on the potential use of medicinal extracts of cannabis to relieve pain and spasticity in multiple sclerosis...
  8. ncbi GW-1000. GW Pharmaceuticals
    Paul F Smith
    University of Otago, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Curr Opin Investig Drugs 5:748-54. 2004
    ..In March 2003, the company filed for approval for the treatment of MS with the UK Medicines Control Agency, and in May 2004, filed for new drug submission with Health Canada...
  9. ncbi The effects of vestibular lesions on hippocampal function in rats
    Paul F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Prog Neurobiol 75:391-405. 2005
    ..Understanding this will require detailed electrical stimulation and lesion studies to elucidate the way in which different kinds of vestibular information are transmitted to various hippocampal subregions...
  10. ncbi Does vestibular damage cause cognitive dysfunction in humans?
    Paul F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    J Vestib Res 15:1-9. 2005
    ..These findings may be related to the observation that patients with vestibular deficits experience a high incidence of depression and anxiety disorders...
  11. ncbi The safety of cannabinoids for the treatment of multiple sclerosis
    Paul F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Expert Opin Drug Saf 4:443-56. 2005
    ..In conclusion, given the modest therapeutic effects of cannabinoids demonstrated so far, and the risk of long-term adverse side effects, there is reason to be cautious about their use in the treatment of MS...
  12. ncbi Ginkgo biloba extracts for tinnitus: More hype than hope?
    Paul F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    J Ethnopharmacol 100:95-9. 2005
    ..Furthermore, the unsupervised use of Ginkgo biloba extracts with other medications could lead to adverse side effects which are unnecessary and not justified in terms of therapeutic benefit...
  13. ncbi Cannabinoids as potential anti-epileptic drugs
    Paul F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Curr Opin Investig Drugs 6:680-5. 2005
    ..Since the action of cannabinoids is complex, and there is a dearth of clinical trial data, it is currently unclear whether cannabinoids might be both efficacious and safe in the treatment of epilepsy...
  14. ncbi Drug treatments for subjective tinnitus: serendipitous discovery versus rational drug design
    Paul F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Curr Opin Investig Drugs 6:712-6. 2005
    ....
  15. ncbi The endocannabinoid system: A new player in the neurochemical control of vestibular function?
    Paul F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Audiol Neurootol 11:207-12. 2006
    ..In this review, we consider the potential clinical significance of the endocannabinoid system for the development of vestibular disorders, the effects of recreational cannabis use and the therapeutic use of medicinal cannabinoids...
  16. ncbi Symptomatic treatment of multiple sclerosis using cannabinoids: recent advances
    Paul F Smith
    University of Otago, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Expert Rev Neurother 7:1157-63. 2007
    ....
  17. ncbi Inflammation in Parkinson's disease: an update
    Paul F Smith
    University of Otago Medical School, School of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, PO Box 913, Dunedin 9010, New Zealand
    Curr Opin Investig Drugs 9:478-84. 2008
    ..This review summarizes and evaluates the progress that has been made in this area of research since 2006...
  18. ncbi Balance before reason in rats and humans
    Paul F Smith
    Department Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Ann N Y Acad Sci 1164:127-33. 2009
    ..Alternatively, the hippocampus may have developed a special dependence upon the vestibular system during evolution, since it was the first sensory system to reliably indicate gravitational vertical...
  19. ncbi The contribution of nitric oxide to vestibular compensation: are there species differences?
    P F Smith
    Vestibular Research Group, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Acta Otolaryngol Suppl 545:57-60. 2001
    ..These results suggest that L-NAME may have different effects on vestibular compensation in guinea pigs compared to other species, such as the rat and frog...
  20. ncbi Pharmacology of the vestibular system
    P F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Curr Opin Neurol 13:31-7. 2000
    ..Finally, the mechanisms of action and optimal use of antihistamines in the treatment of vestibular disorders has also received a great deal of attention...
  21. ncbi Unilateral vestibular deafferentation induces brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) protein expression in the guinea pig lateral but not medial vestibular nuclei
    P F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    J Vestib Res 8:443-7. 1998
    ..The significance of this late BDNF expression is nuclear...
  22. ncbi Move it or lose it--is stimulation of the vestibular system necessary for normal spatial memory?
    Paul F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Hippocampus 20:36-43. 2010
    ..e., detection of acceleration vs. velocity) may be the reasons for its unique contribution to spatial memory...
  23. ncbi Are vestibular hair cells excited to death by aminoglycoside antibiotics?
    P F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    J Vestib Res 10:1-5. 2000
    ..The aim of this minireview is to summarise and critically evaluate this evidence and to consider the therapeutic implications of this hypothesis...
  24. ncbi The contribution of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors to lesion-induced plasticity in the vestibular nucleus
    P F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Prog Neurobiol 53:517-31. 1997
    ....
  25. ncbi The development of psychosis in epilepsy: a re-examination of the kindling hypothesis
    P F Smith
    Department of Psychology, Universityh of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Behav Brain Res 75:59-66. 1996
    ..At present, the neurochemical mechanisms by which psychosis could result from epilepsy are unclear...
  26. ncbi Vestibular-hippocampal interactions
    P F Smith
    Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Hippocampus 7:465-71. 1997
    ....
  27. ncbi Effects of the putative cognitive-enhancing ampakine, CX717, on attention and object recognition memory
    Yiwen Zheng
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Curr Alzheimer Res 8:876-82. 2011
    ..On the other hand, CX717 produced a detrimental effect in the object recognition memory task...
  28. ncbi Damage to the vestibular inner ear causes long-term changes in neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression in the rat hippocampus
    Y Zheng
    Department of Pharmacology, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Neuroscience 105:1-5. 2001
    ..These results support the hypothesis that head movement and position information derived from the vestibular inner ear may be important for the normal function of the hippocampus...
  29. ncbi Unilateral inner ear damage results in lasting changes in hippocampal CA1 field potentials in vitro
    Yiwen Zheng
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Hippocampus 13:873-8. 2003
    ..This study provides the first evidence that peripheral vestibular damage can produce long-term changes in hippocampal electrophysiological activity in vitro...
  30. ncbi GABA(A) receptor subunit expression in the guinea pig vestibular nucleus complex during the development of vestibular compensation
    Catherine M Gliddon
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Exp Brain Res 166:71-7. 2005
    ..However, a limitation of this study is that the Western blotting technique can detect only changes that are larger than 30% and therefore small changes cannot be excluded...
  31. ncbi Differences in NOS protein expression and activity in the rat vestibular nucleus following unilateral labyrinthectomy
    Y Zheng
    Vestibular Research Group, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Brain Res Mol Brain Res 88:166-70. 2001
    ..iNOS was not expressed at any time following UVD. NOS activity demonstrated a significant increase in the contralateral VNC at 6 h post-UVD (P<0.05), recovering toward normal levels by 50 h...
  32. ncbi Regional variations and age-related changes in nitric oxide synthase and arginase in the sub-regions of the hippocampus
    P Liu
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Neuroscience 119:679-87. 2003
    ..Region-specific changes in arginase suggest that this enzyme may also contribute to aging...
  33. ncbi Potential involvement of NOS and arginase in age-related behavioural impairments
    P Liu
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Exp Gerontol 39:1207-22. 2004
    ..The present findings provide further support for a contribution of nitric oxide to the normal aging process and suggest a potential involvement of arginase in aging and learning and memory...
  34. ncbi Optokinetic reflex dysfunction in multiple sclerosis
    L Todd
    Department of Psychology and the Neuroscience Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Neuroreport 12:1399-402. 2001
    ..005). These results indicate that optokinetic nystagmus and optokinetic afternystagmus are significantly impaired multiple sclerosis...
  35. ncbi Long-term changes in hippocampal n-methyl-D-aspartate receptor subunits following unilateral vestibular damage in rat
    P Liu
    Vestibular Research Group, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Neuroscience 117:965-70. 2003
    ..These results suggest that UVD may result in long-term changes in NMDA receptor subunit expression in the rat hippocampus...
  36. ncbi Long-term effects of permanent vestibular lesions on hippocampal spatial firing
    Noah A Russell
    Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9001 New Zealand
    J Neurosci 23:6490-8. 2003
    ..This would disrupt the ability of the animal to integrate allocentric and egocentric information into a coherent representation of space...
  37. ncbi Locomotor and exploratory behavior in the rat following bilateral vestibular deafferentation
    Matthew Goddard
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Behav Neurosci 122:448-59. 2008
    ..These results suggest that sudden and complete loss of balance-sense has persistent and complex effects on the way that rats navigate through and explore the environment...
  38. ncbi Age-related changes in nitric oxide synthase and arginase in the rat prefrontal cortex
    P Liu
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Neurobiol Aging 25:547-52. 2004
    ..The present findings support the contribution of NOS/NO to ageing but question the importance of iNOS in the normal ageing process...
  39. ncbi Effects of intra-vestibular nucleus injection of the group I metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist AIDA on vestibular compensation in guinea pigs
    C M Gliddon
    Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Exp Brain Res 134:74-80. 2000
    ..Furthermore, group I mGluRs may not contribute to the resting activity of vestibular nucleus neurons...
  40. ncbi The effects of chronic tinnitus caused by acoustic trauma on social behaviour and anxiety in rats
    Y Zheng
    Brain Health Research Centre and Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, P O Box 913, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Neuroscience 193:143-53. 2011
    ..04). These data suggest that tinnitus results in complex changes in social interaction in rats, which are not due simply to increases in anxiety...
  41. ncbi Quantitative changes in gene expression of glutamate receptor subunits/subtypes in the vestibular nucleus, inferior olive and flocculus before and following unilateral labyrinthectomy in the rat: real-time quantitative PCR method
    A Horii
    Department of Pharmacology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Exp Brain Res 139:188-200. 2001
    ..It is suggested that such changes in the activities of the floccular-VNC pathways may be important to the vestibular compensation process...
  42. ncbi Immunocytochemical and stereological study of glucocorticoid receptors in rat medial vestibular nucleus neurons and the effects of unilateral vestibular deafferentation
    Rong Zhang
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Acta Otolaryngol 125:1258-64. 2005
    ....
  43. ncbi Nitric oxide synthase and arginase expression changes in the rat perirhinal and entorhinal cortices following unilateral vestibular damage: a link to deficits in object recognition?
    Ping Liu
    Vestibular Research Group, Dept of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    J Vestib Res 14:411-7. 2004
    ..Neurochemical changes in these regions of the medial temporal lobe may be implicated in the development of object recognition deficits that contribute to cognitive dysfunction following peripheral vestibular damage...
  44. ncbi The effects of scopolamine and cyclizine on visual-vestibular interaction in humans
    J Gowans
    Dept of Psychology and the Neuroscience Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    J Vestib Res 10:87-92. 2000
    ..These results suggest that scopolamine and cyclizine, at doses used for the relief of motion sickness, may have minimal suppressive effects on these aspects of visual-vestibular interaction...
  45. ncbi Further evidence for gender differences in circularvection
    C L Darlington
    Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    J Vestib Res 8:151-3. 1998
    ..0001), although the difference was greater for Stage 3 CV than for Stage 2 CV. This result suggests that the potential influence of gender must be carefully controlled in visual-vestibular interaction experiments...
  46. ncbi Lesions of the vestibular system disrupt hippocampal theta rhythm in the rat
    Noah A Russell
    Department of Psychology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    J Neurophysiol 96:4-14. 2006
    ....
  47. ncbi Bilateral vestibular deafferentation impairs performance in a spatial forced alternation task in rats
    Yiwen Zheng
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Hippocampus 17:253-6. 2007
    ..These results add to the evidence that BVD causes a long-term impairment of hippocampal function and spatial learning and memory, but suggest that some recovery of function might take place over the long term...
  48. ncbi The effects of acoustic trauma that can cause tinnitus on spatial performance in rats
    Y Zheng
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Neuroscience 186:48-56. 2011
    ..These results suggest that acoustic trauma and tinnitus may not impair spatial memory in rats...
  49. ncbi Synaptic protein expression in the medial temporal lobe and frontal cortex following chronic bilateral vestibular loss
    Matthew Goddard
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Hippocampus 18:440-4. 2008
    ..However, its expression was significantly reduced in the FC of BVD animals. These data suggest that circumscribed neurochemical changes in SNAP-25, drebrin and NF-L expression occur in the DG, EC, and the FC over 6 months following BVD...
  50. ncbi GABAergic systems in the vestibular nucleus and their contribution to vestibular compensation
    Catherine M Gliddon
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Prog Neurobiol 75:53-81. 2005
    ....
  51. ncbi Monoamine transporter and enzyme expression in the medial temporal lobe and frontal cortex following chronic bilateral vestibular loss
    Matthew Goddard
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Neurosci Lett 437:107-10. 2008
    ..These results suggest that biogenic amine pathways in the medial temporal lobe and FL undergo changes following BVD...
  52. ncbi NMDA and AMPA receptor subunit protein expression in the rat vestibular nucleus following unilateral labyrinthectomy
    Jaimee King
    Vestibular Research Group, Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Neuroreport 13:1541-5. 2002
    ..These results add further evidence to the conclusion that NMDA receptors do not undergo up-regulation in the ipsilateral VNC during vestibular compensation...
  53. ncbi Adrenalectomy-induced cell death in the dentate gyrus: further characterisation using TUNEL and effects of the Ginkgo biloba extract, EGb 761, and ginkgolide B
    Karyn M Maclennan
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Hippocampus 13:212-25. 2003
    ..These results suggest that these drugs may not have substantial neuroprotective effects in the ADX model of neurodegeneration...
  54. ncbi Nitric oxide synthase and arginase expression in the vestibular nucleus and hippocampus following unilateral vestibular deafferentation in the rat
    Ping Liu
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, PO Box 913, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Brain Res 966:19-25. 2003
    ..These results suggest that the changes in NOS expression that occur in the VNC and hippocampus following UVD are not correlated with one another or with changes in arginase II...
  55. ncbi Cannabinoid receptor down-regulation in the ventral cochlear nucleus in a salicylate model of tinnitus
    Yiwen Zheng
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, P O Box 913, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Hear Res 228:105-11. 2007
    ..These results suggest that CB1 receptors in the cochlear nucleus may be important for auditory function and that a down-regulation of CB1 receptors in the ventral cochlear nucleus may be related to the development of tinnitus...
  56. ncbi Acoustic trauma that can cause tinnitus impairs impulsive control but not performance accuracy in the 5-choice serial reaction time task in rats
    Y Zheng
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, P O Box 913, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Neuroscience 180:75-84. 2011
    ..The results suggest that rats exposed to acoustic trauma and some of which have chronic tinnitus are impaired in impulsive control, but not performance accuracy...
  57. ncbi Fentazin anesthesia for labyrinthine surgery in guinea pigs
    A J Sansom
    Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    J Vestib Res 6:49-52. 1996
    ..Its advantages in comparison to other anesthetics (for example, ketamine HCl) are discussed...
  58. ncbi Menstrual cycle effects on postural stability but not optokinetic function
    C L Darlington
    Department of Psychology and the Neuroscience Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Neurosci Lett 307:147-50. 2001
    ..001), with sway on day 5 significantly greater than on days 12 and 21 (P<0.05 and 0.01, respectively), and sway on day 25 significantly greater than that on day 21 (P<0.05)...
  59. ncbi The effects of (+)-SKF10047 and ketamine hydrochloride on stereotyped behaviour, locomotor activity and ataxia in guinea pig
    A H Jerram
    Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Eur J Pharmacol 307:269-73. 1996
    ..5 and 25.0 mg/kg, i.p). However, at the lower dose (i.e., 12.5 mg/kg), significant ataxia and a significant impairment of the righting reflex were produced...
  60. ncbi Using idiothetic cues to swim a path with a fixed trajectory and distance: necessary involvement of the hippocampus, but not the retrosplenial cortex
    Y Zheng
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Behav Neurosci 117:1363-77. 2003
    ..A hippocampal deficit emerged when this pool-center task was run in the dark. The spatial effects of hippocampal damage extend beyond allocentric tasks to include aspects of idiothetic guidance...
  61. ncbi Further evidence for age-related deficits in human postural function
    A J Matheson
    Dept of Psychology, Neuroscience Research Centre, University of Otago
    J Vestib Res 9:261-4. 1999
    ....
  62. ncbi Drug treatments for tinnitus
    Cynthia L Darlington
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Prog Brain Res 166:249-62. 2007
    ..It is suggested that the animal models of tinnitus that have been developed could be used to screen potential anti-tinnitus drugs as a preliminary step before conducting clinical trials...
  63. ncbi Glutamate receptor subunits expression in memory-associated brain structures: regional variations and effects of aging
    Ping Liu
    Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Synapse 62:834-41. 2008
    ..These results suggest differential expression and effects of aging on NMDA and AMPA receptor subunits in memory-associated brain structures...
  64. ncbi Carbamazepine reduces the behavioural manifestations of tinnitus following salicylate treatment in rats
    Yiwen Zheng
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Acta Otolaryngol 128:48-52. 2008
    ..The results are consistent with the hypothesis that carbarmazepine (CBZ) has efficacy against tinnitus in humans...
  65. ncbi Effects of bilateral vestibular deafferentation on anxiety-related behaviours in Wistar rats
    Yiwen Zheng
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Behav Brain Res 193:55-62. 2008
    ..These results suggest that BVD causes changes in the performance of rats in the EPM and ETM that might reflect emotional changes, or could be due to the cognitive impairment and hyperactivity caused by BVD...
  66. ncbi Cannabinoids and cardiovascular disease: the outlook for clinical treatments
    John C Ashton
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Curr Vasc Pharmacol 5:175-85. 2007
    ..We review the pre-clinical evidence for beneficial effects of cannabinoid drugs in a range of vascular and cardiovascular pathologies. We also discuss the clinically relevant potential of cannabinoids...
  67. ncbi Effects of aging on agmatine levels in memory-associated brain structures
    Ping Liu
    Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Hippocampus 18:853-6. 2008
    ..The present findings, for the first time, demonstrate age-related changes in agmatine levels in memory-associated brain structures and raise a novel issue of the potential involvement of agmatine in the aging process...
  68. ncbi The effect of delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol on the extinction of an adverse associative memory
    John C Ashton
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Pharmacology 81:18-20. 2008
    ..This is in contrast to other reports and might be a result of endocannabinoid signalling dysfunction due to cannabinoid receptor densensitization...
  69. ncbi Bilateral vestibular deafferentation causes deficits in a 5-choice serial reaction time task in rats
    Yiwen Zheng
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Behav Brain Res 203:113-7. 2009
    ..000). These results suggest that rats with bilateral vestibular loss exhibit deficits on a 5-CSRTT that cannot be explained by an inability to respond and that their speed of response is altered...
  70. ncbi Hippocampal synaptic transmission and LTP in vivo are intact following bilateral vestibular deafferentation in the rat
    Yiwen Zheng
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Hippocampus 20:461-8. 2010
    ....
  71. ncbi Behavioural effects of co-administration of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol with fluoxetine in rats
    Matthew Goddard
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Pharmacology 86:125-8. 2010
    ....
  72. ncbi The effects of the synthetic cannabinoid receptor agonists, WIN55,212-2 and CP55,940, on salicylate-induced tinnitus in rats
    Yiwen Zheng
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, PO Box 913, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Hear Res 268:145-50. 2010
    ..These results suggest that cannabinoid receptor agonists may not be useful in the treatment of salicylate-induced tinnitus and that at certain doses, they could actually exacerbate the condition...
  73. ncbi Anxiety-related behavior and biogenic amine pathways in the rat following bilateral vestibular lesions
    Cynthia L Darlington
    Department Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Ann N Y Acad Sci 1164:134-9. 2009
    ....
  74. ncbi The CB1 receptor agonist, WIN 55,212-2, dose-dependently disrupts object recognition memory in adult rats
    Jean Ha Baek
    Dept of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Neurosci Lett 464:71-3. 2009
    ..These results suggest that WIN can interfere with object recognition memory even in adult rats following a single injection of a low dose...
  75. ncbi Long-term deficits on a foraging task after bilateral vestibular deafferentation in rats
    Yiwen Zheng
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Hippocampus 19:480-6. 2009
    ..These results suggest that, unlike UVD, BVD causes long-term deficits in spatial navigation that are unlikely to recover, even with repeated T-maze training...
  76. ncbi Application of real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction to quantification of glutamate receptor gene expression in the vestibular brainstem and cerebellum
    Arata Horii
    Vestibular Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Brain Res Brain Res Protoc 9:77-83. 2002
    ....
  77. ncbi Immunohistochemical localization of cerebrovascular cannabinoid CB1 receptor protein
    John C Ashton
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 44:517-9. 2004
    ..We concluded that CB1 receptor are most intensely expressed in the vascular smooth muscle layer in cerebral arteries, and are likely to be chiefly responsible for the potent vasodilatory effect of cannabinoids...
  78. ncbi Immunohistochemical characterisation and localisation of cannabinoid CB1 receptor protein in the rat vestibular nucleus complex and the effects of unilateral vestibular deafferentation
    John C Ashton
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, University of Otago, Adams Building, Frederick Street, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Brain Res 1021:264-71. 2004
    ..In addition, despite some small but significant changes in CB1 receptor expression in the CA2/3 and the DG following UVD, in no case were these differences statistically significant in comparison to both control groups...
  79. ncbi Bilateral labyrinthectomy causes long-term deficit in object recognition in rat
    Yiwen Zheng
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, P O Box 913, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Neuroreport 15:1913-6. 2004
    ..These results suggest for the first time that vestibular information may contribute to non-spatial memory to some extent...
  80. ncbi Cannabinoid CB1 receptor protein expression in the rat choroid plexus: a possible involvement of cannabinoids in the regulation of cerebrospinal fluid
    John C Ashton
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Neurosci Lett 364:40-2. 2004
    ..Cannabinoids may then act directly on choroid plexus cells, and thereby contribute to the regulation of the composition of the CSF...
  81. ncbi Vestibular influences on CA1 neurons in the rat hippocampus: an electrophysiological study in vivo
    Arata Horii
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Exp Brain Res 155:245-50. 2004
    ..These findings suggest that vestibular inputs may contribute to spatial information processing in the hippocampus...
  82. ncbi Nitric oxide synthase and arginase in the rat hippocampus and the entorhinal, perirhinal, postrhinal, and temporal cortices: regional variations and age-related changes
    Ping Liu
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Hippocampus 13:859-67. 2003
    ..The present findings of region-specific changes in NOS and arginase appear to support the potential involvement of NOS/NO in the aging process and raise the issue of a possible contribution of arginase to aging...
  83. ncbi Changes in NOS protein expression and activity in the rat hippocampus, entorhinal and postrhinal cortices after unilateral electrolytic perirhinal cortex lesions
    Ping Liu
    Department of Psychology and the Neuroscience Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Hippocampus 13:561-71. 2003
    ....
  84. ncbi The contribution of the intrinsic excitability of vestibular nucleus neurons to recovery from vestibular damage
    Cynthia L Darlington
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Eur J Neurosci 15:1719-27. 2002
    ..This review summarizes and critically evaluates the 'intrinsic mechanism hypothesis', identifying discrepancies amongst the current evidence and suggesting experiments that may test it further...
  85. ncbi Hippocampal nitric oxide synthase and arginase and age-associated behavioral deficits
    Ping Liu
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Hippocampus 15:642-55. 2005
    ..A strong positive correlation between CA1 eNOS protein expression and swimming speed in the water maze task may reflect a relationship between the local cerebral blood flow and neuronal activity...
  86. ncbi Immunohistochemical localization of cannabinoid CB1 receptor in inhibitory interneurons in the cerebellum
    John C Ashton
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Cerebellum 3:222-6. 2004
    ....
  87. ncbi Effect of low body temperature during unilateral labyrinthectomy on vestibular compensation in the guinea pig
    John C Ashton
    Vestibular Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Acta Otolaryngol 123:448-52. 2003
    ..In this study we investigated changes in oculomotor and postural vestibular symptoms resulting from low body temperature during UVD...
  88. ncbi Immunocytochemical and stereological studies of the rat vestibular nucleus: optimal research methods using glucocorticoid receptors as an example
    Rong Zhang
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    J Neurosci Methods 144:99-106. 2005
    ..The combination of stereological and immunocytochemical techniques offers an effective means to ensure accurate estimates of the number of neurons expressing a receptor...
  89. ncbi Characterization of mitochondrial respiratory chain energetics in the vestibular nucleus complex
    John C Ashton
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Acta Otolaryngol 125:422-5. 2005
    ..Despite having very high neuronal firing rates, the VNC does not have unusually high mitochondrial activity in vitro. This study is the first in which functionally active mitochondria from the hindbrain have been isolated and characterized...
  90. ncbi Mitochondrial ultrastructure and apoptotic protein expression in the vestibular nucleus complex following unilateral labyrinthectomy
    John C Ashton
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Brain Res 1055:165-70. 2005
    ..However, we did detect a small but statistically significant upregulation of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in the contralateral VNC at 10 h post-UL...
  91. ncbi A dose-response analysis of the beneficial effects of the ACTH-(4-9) analogue, Org 2766, on behavioural recovery following unilateral labyrinthectomy in guinea-pig
    D P Gilchrist
    Department of Psychology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Br J Pharmacol 111:358-63. 1994
    ..Org 2766 did not have the same effect on. postural compensation as it had on the compensation of spontaneous nystagmus...
  92. ncbi Vestibulo-ocular, optokinetic and postural function in humans with rheumatoid arthritis
    Jaimee King
    Department of Psychology and the Neuroscience Research Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Neurosci Lett 328:77-80. 2002
    ..We conclude that RA patients do not exhibit substantial deficits in visual-vestibular function...
  93. ncbi Impairment and recovery on a food foraging task following unilateral vestibular deafferentation in rats
    Yiwen Zheng
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Hippocampus 16:368-78. 2006
    ....
  94. ncbi The CNS effects of Ginkgo biloba extracts and ginkgolide B
    Karyn M Maclennan
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Prog Neurobiol 67:235-57. 2002
    ..The aim of this review is to summarise and to critically evaluate the current evidence on the CNS effects of EGb-761 and ginkgolide B, with particular emphasis on the data relating to their neuroprotective effects...
  95. ncbi Cannabinoid CB1 receptor protein expression in the rat hippocampus and entorhinal, perirhinal, postrhinal and temporal cortices: regional variations and age-related changes
    Ping Liu
    Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Brain Res 979:235-9. 2003
    ..The present study demonstrates region-specific changes in CB1 protein expression during ageing and further suggests that cannabinoid CB1 receptors may contribute to the aging process...
  96. ncbi Vestibulotoxicity following aminoglycoside antibiotics and its prevention
    Cynthia L Darlington
    University of Otago, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Curr Opin Investig Drugs 4:841-6. 2003
    ..The next step will be to pursue these effects using in vivo models and drugs that are likely to have favorable pharmacokinetic and side effect profiles in humans...
  97. ncbi Microarray analysis of gene expression in the rat vestibular nucleus complex following unilateral vestibular deafferentation
    Arata Horii
    Department of Otolaryngology, Osaka University Medical School, Osaka, Japan
    J Neurochem 91:975-82. 2004
    ..Contra > ipsi genes included the neuronal high affinity glutamate transporter, 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1D, mitogen-activated protein kinase 12 and ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1...
  98. ncbi Bilateral peripheral vestibular lesions produce long-term changes in spatial learning in the rat
    Noah A Russell
    Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
    J Vestib Res 13:9-16. 2003
    ....
  99. ncbi Rapid vestibular compensation in guinea pig even with prolonged anesthesia
    Catherine M Gliddon
    Vestibular Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Neurosci Lett 371:138-41. 2004
    ..These results suggest that the time course of vestibular compensation is largely independent of the duration of the anesthesia used for UL surgery...
  100. ncbi Effects of unilateral labyrinthectomy on GAD, GAT1 and GABA receptor gene expression in the rat vestibular nucleus
    Arata Horii
    Department of Otolaryngology, Osaka University Medical School, Suita, Japan
    Neuroreport 14:2359-63. 2003
    ....
  101. ncbi Immunocytochemical and stereological analysis of GABA(B) receptor subunit expression in the rat vestibular nucleus following unilateral vestibular deafferentation
    Rong Zhang
    Vestibular Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand
    Brain Res 1037:107-13. 2005
    ..These results suggest that GABA(B) receptor expression does not change substantially in the VNC during the process of vestibular compensation...