S Gardiner

..To determine changes in numbers, demography and type of questions posed to the drug information service (DIS) at Christchurch Hospital over the last fifteen years...

..Limited data suggest that infant exposure to tacrolimus via milk is low. This report characterizes the milk-to-blood ratio for tacrolimus using area under the concentration-time curve analysis in a renal transplant patient...

..To determine the milk-to-plasma (M/P) concentration ratio of rofecoxib in lactating mothers and estimate likely infant exposure...

..The low clinical utilization reflects a poor evidence base, unestablished clinical relevance and, in the few cases with the strongest rationale, a slow translation to the clinical setting...

..In this review we summarize the current evidence base for pharmacogenetics in relation to drug-metabolizing enzymes...

..To determine infant exposure to 6-thioguanine and 6-methylmercaptopurine nucleotides (6-TGN and 6-MMPN, respectively) during maternal use of azathioprine in breastfeeding...

..CONCLUSIONS: Testing for TPMT ideally should be performed in every patient commencing a thiopurine drug...

..This study characterized infant drug doses and breast-milk-to-plasma area-under-the-curve ratios for olanzapine and determined plasma concentrations and effects of this drug on breast-feeding infants...

..Our objectives were to determine the milk-to-plasma ratio of metformin in lactating mothers and to estimate infant exposure...

..The purpose of this study was to determine thiopurine dose requirements in intermediate versus normal TPMT metabolism status...

..To determine the milk-to-plasma (M/P) concentration ratio of celecoxib, and estimate likely infant exposure...

..Prospective testing for poor metabolisers of AZA may also be cost effective, with phenotype testing likely to be more cost effective than genotype testing...

..5 microg/L representing the limit of quantification. In this range, relative standard deviations were <6% for intra-day precision and <10% for inter-day precision. The accuracy was within the range of 92-105%...

..99). Bias was </=+/-15% from 20 to 2000 microg/L in both matrices, intra- and inter-day coefficients of variation (imprecision) were <10%, and the limit of quantification was 10 microg/L...

..Standard curves were linear over the concentration range 20.0-4000 microg/l. Intra- and inter-day coefficients of variation were <9.0% and the limit of quantification was around 20 microg/l...

..Standard curves were linear over the concentration range 10-2000 microg/L (r2 >0.99). Intra- and inter-day coefficients of variation for both matrices were <10% and the limit of quantification was around 10 microg/L...

..These cases illustrate a risk with thiopurine dose adjustment based on monitoring of 6-TGN metabolites without also monitoring 6-MMPN...

..Despite the considerable inroads that have been made, further study is needed before the best means of optimising fluorouracil treatment is determined...

..3%, 2.8%, and 4.7% (as risperidone equivalents) of the maternal weight-adjusted doses. Risperidone and 9-hydroxyrisperidone were not detected in the plasma of the 2 breast-fed infants studied, and no adverse effects were noted...