R T Mulder

..The search for an alcoholic personality has been pursued with varying enthusiasm throughout the 20th century. This paper reviews the methodological issues, research designs and current theories relating alcoholism and personality...

..This presents potentially significant treatment implications, since personality pathology in depressed patients appears to be common...

..We suggest that alterations in serotonin functioning, when measured using the prolactin response to fenfluramine, may be more commonly linked to behavioural abnormalities in personality-disordered or criminal samples...

..Personality disorders appear to be common among patients with depression, suggesting potentially significant treatment implications for a large group of patients...

..To study prospectively the psychiatric side effects of interferon-alpha in patients with hepatitis C...

..To discuss the extent to which the results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in psychiatry can be generalized to clinical practice...

..The goals of this study were to determine the course of illness in a cohort of depressed patients undergoing treatment for 6 months and whether there are clinically useful predictors of their course of illness...

..Studies attempting to identify predictors of antidepressant response in patients with major depression have reported inconsistent results. One explanation may be the different definitions of outcome used...

..There is some consensus that noradrenergic drugs are ineffective in adolescent depression. The aim of this study was to see whether this poor response extended to young adults...

..Many personality traits and disorders may be part of the psychopathology of depression and share a common origin...

..We examined how the seven TCI scales and their subscales are correlated with depression severity before and after treatment. We also examined whether changes in personality measures could be attributed to changes in depression severity...

..The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence and comorbidity patterns of psychiatric disorders in subjects making medically serious suicide attempts and in comparison subjects...

..These results do not support the concept of specific augmentation of drive-related behaviour by noradrenergic medication. This challenges the earlier findings relating to drive enhancement and social adjustment using such medication...

..Gender differences in the clinical manifestation of depression and related variables were examined in 170 depressed outpatients...

....

..To measure changes in suicidal behaviours during 6 months of treatment with antidepressants...

..To consider the impact of age and gender on the antidepressant response to nortriptyline and fluoxetine in melancholic depression...

..Childhood sexual abuse was not as predictive of personality dysfunction as might be expected, thereby raising questions as to the importance placed on child sexual abuse as a general risk factor for personality psychopathology...

..To compare the history of psychiatric contacts among young people who have made medically serious suicide attempts and control subjects...

..Precipitating factors and life events associated with medically serious suicide attempts were examined in young people making serious suicide attempts and control subjects...

..The social and demographic characteristics of a New Zealand sample of young people making medically serious suicide attempts were examined and compared with those of a control sample of similar age...

..To compare the relationship between cannabis abuse/dependence and risk of medically serious suicide attempts in individuals making serious suicide attempts and randomly selected comparison subjects...

..78, df = 2, P = 0.034). Our results suggest that homozygosity for 3435T alleles of ABCB1 is a risk factor for occurrence of nortriptyline-induced postural hypotension (OR = 1.37, P = 0.042, 95% CI 1.01-1.86)...

..Nonsignificant findings were explained by the presence of substantial correlations between these measures and measures of hopelessness, neuroticism, and external locus of control...

..Finally this paper examines the relationship between anxiety and COPD self-management with particular reference to the benefits and possible harm of some COPD self-management goals and anxious patients...

..To compare the psychosocial functioning of the parents (mother and father) of infants admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) with the parents of infants born at term and not admitted to the NICU...

..To examine: i) changes in key outcome measures over time in treatment in a representative first-episode psychosis treatment cohort and ii) baseline predictors of service disengagement...

..To determine whether the functional impairment seen in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) is associated with reduced levels of central opioids and/or deficiency of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis...

..Although diurnal variation of mood is a widely recognized symptom of depression, the clinical, neurobiological and psychopharmacological significance of this symptom has not previously been reported...

....

..To examine whether the T allele of G protein beta3 (GNbeta3) is associated with self-mutilation in depressed patients...

..To compare the current sexual functioning of women in an intimate relationship with anorexia nervosa, with major depression, and in the postpartum period...

....

..This suggested that 17% of the variance in plasma oxytocin levels was explained by the Reward Dependence scores. There was a significant positive correlation between plasma oxytocin levels and the Reward Dependence personality dimension...

..The objective of this study was to examine the evidence for an association between cesarean section and postpartum depression...

..Evidence suggests that hypothalamic and peripheral 5HT systems have a significant role in appetite regulation, possibly a homeostatic mechanism in regulating peripheral TRP levels...

....

..We conclude that DRD3 may contribute to the development of OCPD...

..We were interested in differences in genetic and developmental risk factors between depressed patients with or without a co-morbid BPD...

..Interpersonal psychotherapy and cognitive-behavioural therapy are widely accepted as effective treatments for major depression. There is little evidence on how personality disorder or personality traits affect treatment response...

..Interpersonal psychotherapy and cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) are established as effective treatments for major depression. Controversy remains regarding their effectiveness for severe and melancholic depression...

..Humiliation is the experience that affected students the most and had a significant adverse effect on learning. There is a disturbing rate of unacceptable practice within medical schools, not all of which is from doctors...

..To evaluate the impact of childhood abuse and parental bonding on cortisol levels in depressed adults...

..To compare the personality traits and disorders of patients with bipolar II disorder and major depression and to examine the impact on treatment outcome of a bipolar II diagnosis...

..After 6 months, those with BPD had a favorable outcome in regard to depressive symptoms, social adjustment, and even improvement in the character measure of self-directedness. Those with the poorest outcome were those with OPD...

..It has been suggested that the PRF may predict response to different forms of treatment. Baseline cortisol, prolactin, and L-tryptophan ( L-TRP) availability may affect PRF and may also influence response to treatment...

..An additional objective is to examine the differences between levels of interpersonal sensitivity in depressive subtypes...

..PBI scores and family histories did not differ significantly. Treatment outcome did not vary, except that subjects with lifetime alcohol dependence and current heavy drinking did less well...

..Previous research has not examined how social adjustment in depression varies by source of sample (clinical vs. community) or the associations with personality...

..The second objective was to report on the demographic and diagnostic predictors of the response and recovery in these depressed patients...

....

..The current system is failing to provide appropriate or adequate treatment for people suffering from affective disorders and should be urgently reviewed...

..However, the relationship between prolactin response to fenfluramine and baseline cortisol levels appeared to differ between these two subtypes of depression...

..To introduce clinicians to the methodology and critical appraisal of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in psychiatry...

..Our results suggest that genetic polymorphisms of DRD4 and DRD3 may well be associated with personality traits, and that conflicting findings to date may arise from the problem of phenotype definition...

..A temperament derived measure of "rejection sensitivity" defines a group of depressed patients with a differential antidepressant response, regardless of reversed vegetative symptoms...

..Our findings suggest that the CYP2D6 polymorphism may impact on personality, and one potential mechanism for this would be by influencing the generation of endogenous neurotransmitters in the brain...

..To explore the influence of psychological characteristics in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) self-management...

..Patients with blunted deltamaxTSH responded better to fluoxetine than to nortriptyline. It is suggested that a blunted DmaxTSH may reflect a predominantly serotonergic disturbance in this group of patients with major depression...

..Thus, for clinicians prescribing antidepressant monotherapy, CYP2D6 polymorphisms are probably not of relevance to antidepressant side effects and therapy...

..To evaluate childhood experiences (neglect and abuse), temperament and childhood and adolescent psychopathology as risk factors for avoidant and borderline personality disorders in depressed outpatients...

..These differential pharmacogenetic predictors of antidepressant response by age, may provide clues to understanding the discontinuities in pharmacological responsiveness of child/adolescent and adult depressive disorders...

....

..An exon 2 polymorphism (DBH*444 g/a) of the DbetaH gene (DBH) is significantly associated with both serum and cerebrospinal fluid levels of DbetaH...

..The psychological status of the parent groups is compared and factors associated with status change are examined...