P R Joyce

..To compare the personality traits and disorders of patients with bipolar II disorder and major depression and to examine the impact on treatment outcome of a bipolar II diagnosis...

..The goals of this study were to determine the course of illness in a cohort of depressed patients undergoing treatment for 6 months and whether there are clinically useful predictors of their course of illness...

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..Interpersonal psychotherapy and cognitive-behavioural therapy are widely accepted as effective treatments for major depression. There is little evidence on how personality disorder or personality traits affect treatment response...

..To evaluate the impact of childhood abuse and parental bonding on cortisol levels in depressed adults...

..We were interested in differences in genetic and developmental risk factors between depressed patients with or without a co-morbid BPD...

..To examine whether the T allele of G protein beta3 (GNbeta3) is associated with self-mutilation in depressed patients...

..Although diurnal variation of mood is a widely recognized symptom of depression, the clinical, neurobiological and psychopharmacological significance of this symptom has not previously been reported...

..To describe the development,evolution and philosophy of a clinical research unit...

..A temperament derived measure of "rejection sensitivity" defines a group of depressed patients with a differential antidepressant response, regardless of reversed vegetative symptoms...

..The second objective was to report on the demographic and diagnostic predictors of the response and recovery in these depressed patients...

..To evaluate childhood experiences (neglect and abuse), temperament and childhood and adolescent psychopathology as risk factors for avoidant and borderline personality disorders in depressed outpatients...

..Our results suggest that genetic polymorphisms of DRD4 and DRD3 may well be associated with personality traits, and that conflicting findings to date may arise from the problem of phenotype definition...

..To consider the impact of age and gender on the antidepressant response to nortriptyline and fluoxetine in melancholic depression...

..To compare the personality, clinical and comorbidity characteristics of subjects meeting diagnostic criteria for bipolar disorder not otherwise specified (BDNOS) to those with major depression and bipolar I or II disorder...

..These differential pharmacogenetic predictors of antidepressant response by age, may provide clues to understanding the discontinuities in pharmacological responsiveness of child/adolescent and adult depressive disorders...

..We examined how the seven TCI scales and their subscales are correlated with depression severity before and after treatment. We also examined whether changes in personality measures could be attributed to changes in depression severity...

..The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence and comorbidity patterns of psychiatric disorders in subjects making medically serious suicide attempts and in comparison subjects...

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..These results do not support the concept of specific augmentation of drive-related behaviour by noradrenergic medication. This challenges the earlier findings relating to drive enhancement and social adjustment using such medication...

..To examine the stability of personality disorders and their change in response to the treatment of major depression...

..To measure changes in suicidal behaviours during 6 months of treatment with antidepressants...

..Gender differences in the clinical manifestation of depression and related variables were examined in 170 depressed outpatients...

..Childhood sexual abuse was not as predictive of personality dysfunction as might be expected, thereby raising questions as to the importance placed on child sexual abuse as a general risk factor for personality psychopathology...

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..This study determined the clinical and nutritional variables associated with menstrual disturbance in women with bulimia nervosa (BN)...

..78, df = 2, P = 0.034). Our results suggest that homozygosity for 3435T alleles of ABCB1 is a risk factor for occurrence of nortriptyline-induced postural hypotension (OR = 1.37, P = 0.042, 95% CI 1.01-1.86)...

..DISCUSSION: Favorable treatment outcome among bulimic women is associated with low cue reactivity on self-report measures at posttreatment...

..075, P<0.001) but not with response to either fluoxetine or citalopram. Our results suggest that ADM is involved with the therapeutic efficacy of paroxetine, which may have pharmacogenetic utility...

..Few data exist examining the longer-term outcome of bulimia nervosa (BN) following treatment with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and exposure with response prevention (ERP)...

..This study examined the thyroxine (T4) and free T4 (FT4) status of women with bulimia nervosa and its value as a predictor of outcome...

..Precipitating factors and life events associated with medically serious suicide attempts were examined in young people making serious suicide attempts and control subjects...

..To compare the history of psychiatric contacts among young people who have made medically serious suicide attempts and control subjects...

..The social and demographic characteristics of a New Zealand sample of young people making medically serious suicide attempts were examined and compared with those of a control sample of similar age...

..Nonsignificant findings were explained by the presence of substantial correlations between these measures and measures of hopelessness, neuroticism, and external locus of control...

..To compare the relationship between cannabis abuse/dependence and risk of medically serious suicide attempts in individuals making serious suicide attempts and randomly selected comparison subjects...

..65, P less than 0.001) and evaluating the ratio of cortisol to 11-deoxycortisol decreased rather than enhanced sensitivity of the DST...

..All seven of the Cloninger personality traits were significantly related to regional cerebral blood flow. The results suggest that differences in brain function in some regions may reflect differences in personality traits...

..This suggested that 17% of the variance in plasma oxytocin levels was explained by the Reward Dependence scores. There was a significant positive correlation between plasma oxytocin levels and the Reward Dependence personality dimension...

..These results suggest that the elements of CBT affecting self-directedness may hold promise for enhancing the effectiveness of treatment for BN...

..We conclude that DRD3 may contribute to the development of OCPD...

..To examine the usefulness of a self-report questionnaire in the assessment of cue reactivity among women treated for bulimia nervosa...

..This article presents the rationale for, and description of, a nonspecialized therapy for anorexia nervosa, called specialist supportive clinical management (SSCM)...

..The aim of this study was to determine whether l-carnitine supplementation improves weight loss outcomes in bipolar patients taking sodium valproate...

..Polyuria, polydipsia, and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus have been associated with use of psychotropic medications, especially lithium...

..A focus on the specific areas of impact and targeting interventions that facilitate acceptance and integration thus promoting self and identity development would be recommended...

..Epigenetic phenomena may help explain some of the complexity of mental illnesses and provide a basis for discovering novel pharmacological targets to treat these disorders...

..Evidence suggests that hypothalamic and peripheral 5HT systems have a significant role in appetite regulation, possibly a homeostatic mechanism in regulating peripheral TRP levels...

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..An exon 2 polymorphism (DBH*444 g/a) of the DbetaH gene (DBH) is significantly associated with both serum and cerebrospinal fluid levels of DbetaH...

..Implications for future research are discussed...

..Interpersonal psychotherapy and cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) are established as effective treatments for major depression. Controversy remains regarding their effectiveness for severe and melancholic depression...

..We suggest that alterations in serotonin functioning, when measured using the prolactin response to fenfluramine, may be more commonly linked to behavioural abnormalities in personality-disordered or criminal samples...

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..PBI scores and family histories did not differ significantly. Treatment outcome did not vary, except that subjects with lifetime alcohol dependence and current heavy drinking did less well...

..Personality disorders appear to be common among patients with depression, suggesting potentially significant treatment implications for a large group of patients...

..To examine whether having a baby following treatment for bulimia nervosa places women at increased risk for continuing or relapsing eating disorders or major depression...

..This study examined women who had babies during 5 year follow-up after having been treated for bulimia nervosa...

..There is some consensus that noradrenergic drugs are ineffective in adolescent depression. The aim of this study was to see whether this poor response extended to young adults...

..Studies attempting to identify predictors of antidepressant response in patients with major depression have reported inconsistent results. One explanation may be the different definitions of outcome used...

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..The current study evaluated the 3-year outcome of a randomized clinical trial that compared the additive efficacy of exposure-based versus nonexposure-based behavioral treatments (BT) with a core of cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT)...

..An additional objective is to examine the differences between levels of interpersonal sensitivity in depressive subtypes...

..It has been suggested that the PRF may predict response to different forms of treatment. Baseline cortisol, prolactin, and L-tryptophan ( L-TRP) availability may affect PRF and may also influence response to treatment...

..After 6 months, those with BPD had a favorable outcome in regard to depressive symptoms, social adjustment, and even improvement in the character measure of self-directedness. Those with the poorest outcome were those with OPD...

..Previous research has not examined how social adjustment in depression varies by source of sample (clinical vs. community) or the associations with personality...

..Thus, for clinicians prescribing antidepressant monotherapy, CYP2D6 polymorphisms are probably not of relevance to antidepressant side effects and therapy...

..Patients with blunted deltamaxTSH responded better to fluoxetine than to nortriptyline. It is suggested that a blunted DmaxTSH may reflect a predominantly serotonergic disturbance in this group of patients with major depression...

..The current study describes childhood gastrointestinal (GI) complaints in adult women presenting for a treatment trial for bulimia nervosa (BN) and examines the correlates of BN symptomatology...

..Cognitive behavior therapy and interpersonal psychotherapy are effective in a related disorder, bulimia nervosa. There are theoretical and treatment indications for these therapies in anorexia nervosa...

..The aim of this study was to evaluate the recruitment and retention of depressed pregnant women, identified initially through screening, to a randomized controlled psychotherapy trial...

..CONCLUSIONS: Men and women were generally similar in their symptom presentation, age of onset of bipolar disorder, and in the total number of mood episodes. However, they differed in the type of episode at onset and comorbidity patterns...

..To discuss the extent to which the results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in psychiatry can be generalized to clinical practice...

..The current study examined changes in weight and body mass index (BMI) at 5-year follow-up among women treated for bulimia nervosa...

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..This report examines lifetime panic comorbidity within a sample of families with a history of bipolar disorder...

..Our findings suggest that the CYP2D6 polymorphism may impact on personality, and one potential mechanism for this would be by influencing the generation of endogenous neurotransmitters in the brain...

..However, the relationship between prolactin response to fenfluramine and baseline cortisol levels appeared to differ between these two subtypes of depression...

..To introduce clinicians to the methodology and critical appraisal of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in psychiatry...

..Although the hypotheses resulting from these linkage and bioinformatic analyses are plausible and intriguing, their ultimate worth depends on replication in additional linkage samples and in future experimental studies...

..3-9.9; P = .02), low novelty seeking scores (OR = 0.7; 95% CI = 0.58-0.94; P = .02), and low systolic blood pressure (OR = 0.9; 95% CI = 0.84-0.99; P = .046) were predictors of amenorrhea independent of body mass index...