P A McCullough

..We sought to determine the degree to which B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) adds to clinical judgment in the diagnosis of congestive heart failure (CHF)...

..Among systolic HF patients, the presence of a low hemoglobin concentration is not a factor in the interpretation of BNP results...

..Contrast-induced AKI is likely to remain a significant challenge for cardiologists in the future because the patient population is aging and chronic kidney disease and diabetes are becoming more common...

..Bariatric surgery achieves long-term weight loss in obese adults with improvement of diabetes and hypertension. Little is known about the effect of this weight loss on renal parameters...

..Contrast-induced AKI is likely to remain a significant challenge for specialists in the future since the patient population is aging, chronic kidney disease and diabetes are coming more common, and use of iodinated contrast is growing...

..Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is recognized as an independent cardiovascular disease risk state. The relationship between CKD and cardiovascular disease in volunteer and general populations has not been explored...

..The determinants of bundle block patterns and their relationship to mortality in heart failure patients is not completely understood...

..5 mg/dL) can be predicted by using multivariate tools. Prevention measures include adequate hydration, use of N-acetylcysteine and iso-osmolar contrast, and for patients who are at the highest risk, prophylactic hemofiltration...

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..2% and 13.0% for those with diastolic and systolic HF, respectively (p=0.001). In a large, racially mixed, urban HF population, those with diastolic HF predominate and enjoy better-adjusted survival than counterparts with systolic HF...

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..Cardiovascular disease accounts for the majority of morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This review therefore concentrates on CKD from the viewpoint of the cardiologist...

..The goal of an ideal clinical trial would be ESRD prevention; however, pragmatic objectives such as a greater understanding of therapeutic toxicities should also be explored in this population...

..Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) are conditions associated with metabolic disorders related to soft tissue calcification...

..We hypothesized that patients who underwent earlier intervention in the invasive arm would have improved outcomes...

..Future research into the mechanisms and prevention of sudden cardiac death in patients with chronic kidney disease is warranted...

..This paper will review the differences between the CKD and general population with respect to vascular calcification and the observed natural history in observational and interventional studies...

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..Future, similar analyses other databases should control for the duration of illness to avoid lead-time bias in AA with CHF...

..0001); African Americans (p=0.05). These data suggest that modestly overweight young adults can have excessive weight gains during adult life, resulting in morbid obesity and high rates of obesity-related comorbidities...

..The benefits of short- and long-term vascular protective therapies in CKD patients have been confirmed, and these therapies are an important component of PCI care...

..Contrast-induced acute kidney injury is likely to remain a significant challenge for intensivists in the future because the patient population is aging and chronic kidney disease and diabetes are becoming more common...

..In addition, studies suggest that there are higher adverse drug effects with statins in CKD...

..We evaluated the degree of residual angina on the outcomes of enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) therapy for chronic stable angina...

..We hypothesized that each of these chronic kidney disease-related measures would have an independent relationship with CVD...

..The relationship between CKD and CVD in younger and middle-aged adults has not been fully explored...

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..The relationship between complications after bariatric surgery and preoperative cardiorespiratory fitness has not been previously studied...

..This agent is likely to become standard therapy for chronic stable angina and may play a future role in the management of acute coronary syndromes...

..Clyde Yancy, Associate Dean for Medical Affairs at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, participated in the discussion...

..We evaluated the association of baseline body mass index (BMI) on the outcomes of enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) therapy for chronic stable angina...

..This article reviews the data in support of altering the natural history of CAC with lipid modification...

..Because patients with renal disease are routinely excluded from clinical trials of ACS, we draw upon a variety of clinical data sets to gather an evidenced-based approach to this important and growing population of patients...

..Improved treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF) can slow disease progression, promote clinical stability, and prolong survival...

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..The purpose of this study was to quantify the impact of baseline renal dysfunction on morbidity and mortality in patients in the coronary care unit (CCU)...

..We sought to determine the independent effect of ACE inhibitors (ACE-I) on long-term mortality in ESRD patients after cardiac events...

..In addition, studies suggest that there are higher adverse drug effects with statins in CKD...

..However, relationships between BNP, renal function, and heart failure as an emergency diagnosis are unknown...

..Heart failure, asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are syndromes where dyspnea and wheezing are overlapping signs, and hence, these syndromes are often difficult to differentiate...

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..The purpose of this study was to determine if early triage angiography with revascularization, if indicated, favorably affects clinical outcomes in patients with suspected acute myocardial infarction who are ineligible for thrombolysis...

..The purpose of the present study was to examine the influence of household income as a measure of SES on the use of invasive cardiac procedures among a large group of patients with acute myocardial infarction...

..The excess mortality in this population appears to be mediated through arrhythmias, adverse hemodynamic events, and the lower use of mortality-reducing therapy...

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..Percutaneous coronary revascularization was associated with superior long-term survival. In conclusion, patients with severe CKD and ACS had improved long-term survival when treated with percutaneous coronary revascularization...

..When considering demographics, severity of disease, and renal function, BMI is not independently related to BNP levels in a small subgroup when detailed information about CHF severity is known...

..Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide public health problem. Systolic blood pressure as an associated feature of CKD has not been fully explored in community volunteer and nationally representative samples of the US population...

..These findings are consistent with overall higher expected mortality in morbidly obese persons...

..In conclusion, our data show that obese patients with AMI have a lower risk for in-hospital, 6-month, and 12-month mortality and cardiovascular events than patients with a normal BMI...

..05. CONCLUSIONS: In dialysis patients, coronary calcification identified in the target or reference vessels is associated with lower total cholesterol and favourable interventional outcomes...

..B-type natriuretic peptide is released from the cardiac ventricles in response to increased wall tension...

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..This paper will review the core concepts of prevention of CRS with practical applications to be considered in today's practice...

..This analysis aims to assess whether serum intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) level is an independent risk factor for CVD in patients with CKD stages 3 and 4...

..B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is secreted from the cardiac ventricles in response to increased wall tension...

..Finally, therapeutic strategies to treat individuals with chronic kidney disease in order to prevent the development of essential hypertension and lower their cardiovascular risk will be presented...

..This study examines B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels in patients with systolic versus non-systolic dysfunction presenting with shortness of breath...

..CONCLUSION: Knowledge of these commonly obtained variables should aid clinicians in the interpretation of moderately elevated BNP results in patients presenting with acute dyspnea in the emergency department...

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..Conflicting data exist regarding the effects of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) on cardiorespiratory fitness in morbidly obese individuals with normal resting left ventricular function...

..The goal of this article is to highlight the importance of these topics in improving cardiovascular outcomes and use of appropriate treatment in CKD...

..This vision is not far off on the horizon. We anticipate additional clinical trial results will help form the decision points in this optimal treatment scenario, which for a large proportion of patients will involve invasive management...

..Future research is needed to describe the clinical course and risks and benefits of bariatric surgery in the CKD population...

..Recombinant, human BNP (nesiritide) is an approved intravenous treatment for acute, decompensated HF. This paper reviews the literature concerning the use of this peptide as a diagnostic test and as an intravenous therapy...

..In general, a BNP level <100 pg/mL excludes acutely decompensated heart failure. This article sorts out the literature concerning the practical use of BNP in a variety of clinical scenarios...

..A lower cut-point (BNP > or = 54 pg/mL) should be used in severely obese patients to preserve sensitivity. A higher cut-point in lean patients (BNP > or = 170 pg/mL) could be used to increase specificity...

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..A brief description of each sleep disorder, the pathophysiology, its epidemiology and its implications for cardiorespiratory fitness are provided. Finally, we discuss therapy for each disorder and its effect on the cardiovascular system...

..Without treatment, the survival rate for malignant hypertension is 10% to 35%. With appropriate treatment, the 5-year survival rate is 75%...

..This article reviews the literature concerning the use of these peptides in a variety of clinical scenarios...

..The pathogenesis of RCN goes beyond serum Cr and involves a unique vascular pathobiology that interrelates both the renal and cardiovascular disease outcomes...

..The BNPRR correlated with the volume removed, change in body weight, and Kt/V. Future research with the BNPRR as a potential marker of the adequacy of volume removal in HD is warranted...

..This article will focus on the cardiorenal intersection and highlight innovative diagnostic and therapeutic strategies concerning this high-risk patient group...

..However, in patients who did not have heart failure, there was a relation between BNP levels and previous stable angina pectoris and/or healed myocardial infarction but no significant independent relation in multiple regression analysis...

..These data suggest the careful clinical exam with attention to traditional cardiac auscultation using a stethoscope in a quiet room should remain the gold standard...

..Coronary artery disease (CAD) identifies the need for intensive treatment of risk factors among individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD), a high-risk, complex cardiovascular risk state...

..001, p = 0.994). Pre- and postoperative vitamin D levels were inversely correlated with BMI. Secondary hyperparathyroidism was observed in 33% of patients postoperatively; however, this did not correlate with vitamin D...

..Chronic kidney disease and albuminuria are associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality...

..This paper reviews medical approaches to chronic stable angina and highlights RNZ as an important advance for patients and clinicians in the US market...

..Thus, weight reduction is a key strategy for simultaneous improvement in global cardiovascular risk, with anticipated improvements in survival and quality of life...

..The purpose of this study was to create an automated surveillance tool for reporting the incidence, prevalence and processes of care for patients with heart failure...

..These data suggest that more aggressive energy expenditure and caloric restriction targets for long periods of time are needed to result in significant weight loss in this population...

..CIN is predictable and presents an opportunity to utilize preventive strategies, given the increasing numbers of patients undergoing contrast procedures worldwide...

..747 (1.101 - yen); p = 0.0381). Contrast-induced AKI was common in RTX recipients after cardiac catheterization. Iso-osmolar contrast was associated with a lower risk of contrast-induced AKI in comparison with low-osmolar contrast...

..The dissociation between reductions in blood pressure and albuminuria may be related to factors other than blood pressure...

..The present study evaluated whether a multimarker strategy that used point-of-care measurement of myoglobin, creatine kinase (CK)-MB, and troponin I could exclude acute myocardial infarction in </=3 hours...

..It is not known whether postgraduate training adequately prepares a future internist in CKD management...

..Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with hypertension, obesity and metabolic syndrome that are risk factors for cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease. Few data are available regarding renal parameters in patients with OSA...

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..Its safety and efficacy have not been studied in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), who are known to have abnormalities in coagulation and platelet function...

..The authors present three cases of CHF due to systolic left ventricular dysfunction secondary to hyperthyroidism, which showed considerable improvement in the left ventricular function once the hyperthyroidism was treated...