Potential mechanisms of action of lithium in bipolar disorder. Current understandingGin S Malhi
Discipline of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, and Department of Psychiatry, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
CNS Drugs 27:135-53. 2013
..Overall, it is clear that the processes which underpin the therapeutic actions of lithium are sophisticated and most likely inter-related...
- Mania: diagnosis and treatment recommendations
Gin S Malhi
CADE Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Royal North Shore Hospital, Level 5, Building 36, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW, 2065, Australia
Curr Psychiatry Rep 14:676-86. 2012
..Maintenance/prophylaxis therapy aims to reduce recurrences/relapse, for which the combination of psychological interventions with pharmacotherapy is beneficial as it ensures adherence and monitoring of tolerability...
- Hypomania: hype or mania?
Gin S Malhi
Discipline of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Bipolar Disord 12:758-63. 2010
- Balanced efficacy, safety, and tolerability recommendations for the clinical management of bipolar disorder
Gin S Malhi
CADE Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Bipolar Disord 14:1-21. 2012
..To provide practical and clinically meaningful treatment recommendations that amalgamate clinical experience and research findings for each phase of bipolar disorder...
- The clinical management of bipolar disorder complexity using a stratified model
Gin S Malhi
CADE Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Bipolar Disord 14:66-89. 2012
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- The science and practice of lithium therapy
Gin S Malhi
CADE Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Aust N Z J Psychiatry 46:192-211. 2012
..Recent research has once again positioned lithium centre stage and amplified the importance of understanding its science and how this translates to clinical practice...
- The lithiumeter: a measured approach
Gin S Malhi
CADE Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA
Bipolar Disord 13:219-26. 2011
..This article addresses the need for lithium to be measured with respect to its clinical and functional effects. It introduces a visual scale, termed lithiumeter, which captures the optimal lithium plasma levels for the treatment of BD...
The pharmacological treatment of bipolar disorder in primary careGin S Malhi
CADE Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Royal North Shore Hospital, and Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW
Med J Aust 193:S24-30. 2010
..To provide a practical overview of the pharmacological management of adults with bipolar disorder in primary care and the role of general practitioners in the pharmacotherapy of this complex disorder...
- Optimal frequency of lithium administration in the treatment of bipolar disorder: clinical and dosing considerations
Gin S Malhi
CADE Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
CNS Drugs 25:289-98. 2011
..Presently, therefore, clinicians should consider single daily administration of lithium to potentially minimize adverse effects and enhance compliance...
- A functional MRI study of Theory of Mind in euthymic bipolar disorder patients
Gin S Malhi
Discipline of Psychological Medicine, University of Sydney, CADE Clinic, Department of Academic Psychiatry, Level 5, Building 36, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
Bipolar Disord 10:943-56. 2008
..To determine the neural responses invoked in Theory of Mind (ToM) in euthymic bipolar patients as compared with healthy subjects...
An event-related functional MRI study of working memory in euthymic bipolar disorderJim Lagopoulos
Psychological Medicine Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
J Psychiatry Neurosci 32:174-84. 2007
..In this study, we investigated the encode, delay and response components of WM to identify the neural substrates and respective contributions to the WM deficits found in BD...
- A double-blind, sham-controlled trial of transcranial direct current stimulation for the treatment of depression
Colleen K Loo
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 13:61-9. 2010
..It is recommended that the efficacy of tDCS in depression be further evaluated over a longer treatment period, using enhanced stimulation parameters...
- Is a lack of disgust something to fear? A functional magnetic resonance imaging facial emotion recognition study in euthymic bipolar disorder patients
Gin S Malhi
CADE Clinic, Royal North Shore Hospital, University of Sydney, Australia
Bipolar Disord 9:345-57. 2007
..To determine the neural responses invoked in the recognition of facial fear and disgust in euthymic bipolar patients as compared with healthy subjects...
- Midline brain abnormalities in established bipolar affective disorder
Tsutomu Takahashi
Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Victoria, Australia
J Affect Disord 122:301-5. 2010
..Morphologic changes of cortico-limbic regions have been reported in bipolar disorder, but it remains unclear whether midline brain abnormalities relevant to cortico-limbic connectivity are also present...
- Mentalizing impairment in schizophrenia: a functional MRI study
Pritha Das
Discipline of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
Schizophr Res 134:158-64. 2012
..Therefore in the present study we used functional neuroimaging and a task that elicits 'on-line' mentalizing to investigate the neural basis of ToM deficits in schizophrenia...
- Insular cortex volume in established bipolar affective disorder: a preliminary MRI study
Tsutomu Takahashi
Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, 161 Barry Street, Carlton South, Victoria 3053, Australia
Psychiatry Res 182:187-90. 2010
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- Suicide attempts by jumping and psychotic illness
Olav Nielssen
St Vincent s Hospital and the Discipline of Psychological Medicine, University of Sydney, Australia
Aust N Z J Psychiatry 44:568-73. 2010
..Several recent studies have reported that serious violence towards self and others is more common in the first episode of psychosis than after treatment...
- Gray matter reduction of the superior temporal gyrus in patients with established bipolar I disorder
Tsutomu Takahashi
Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Victoria, Australia
J Affect Disord 123:276-82. 2010
..Functional abnormalities of the superior temporal gyrus (STG) have been implicated in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder, but magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of this region have yielded inconsistent findings...
- Reduced activation to implicit affect induction in euthymic bipolar patients: an fMRI study
Gin S Malhi
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
J Affect Disord 97:109-22. 2007
..To examine whether euthymic bipolar patients engage similar or contrasting brain regions as healthy subjects when responding to implicit affect induction...
- A functional magnetic resonance imaging study of emotional Stroop in euthymic bipolar disorder
Jim Lagopoulos
CADE Clinic, Royal North Shore Hospital, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Neuroreport 18:1583-7. 2007
..This study provides evidence for a disconnection in the transfer of information within frontostriatal networks in bipolar disorder...
- Increased anterior cingulate cortex volume in bipolar I disorder
Ali Javadapour
Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Aust N Z J Psychiatry 41:910-6. 2007
..Hence, the present study matched the groups closely across a number of demographic parameters...
- Do cognitive deficits in juvenile bipolar disorder persist into adulthood?
Catherine M Cahill
Academic Discipline of Psychological Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Australia
J Nerv Ment Dis 195:891-6. 2007
..Precise knowledge about when, how, and why these deficits appear requires future research of prodromal changes in neurocognition in childhood and adolescent bipolar disorder...
- Schizoaffective disorder: diagnostic issues and future recommendations
Gin S Malhi
Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
Bipolar Disord 10:215-30. 2008
..This paper addresses the controversy regarding the diagnostic validity of schizoaffective disorder (SAD), a diagnosis that is used in both DSM-IV and ICD-10 and one that encroaches on both schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BD)...
- The management of individuals with bipolar disorder: a review of the evidence and its integration into clinical practice
Gin S Malhi
CADE Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Drugs 69:2063-101. 2009
..Therefore, this paper summarizes the efficacy data for treating bipolar disorder and also applies clinical considerations to these data when formulating recommendations for the management of bipolar disorder...
- A randomized controlled trial of cognitive therapy for bipolar disorder: focus on long-term change
Jillian R Ball
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
J Clin Psychiatry 67:277-86. 2006
..The treatment protocol differed from other published forms of CT for bipolar disorder through the addition of emotive techniques...
- Neuropsychological deficits and functional impairment in bipolar depression, hypomania and euthymia
Gin S Malhi
Academic Discipline of Psychological Medicine, Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Bipolar Disord 9:114-25. 2007
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- Bipolar depression: management options
Gin S Malhi
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
CNS Drugs 17:9-25. 2003
..It therefore warrants prompt management once suitably diagnosed, especially as it is associated with a considerable risk of suicide and in the majority of instances is eminently treatable...
- Cognitive generation of affect in hypomania: an fMRI study
Gin S Malhi
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
Bipolar Disord 6:271-85. 2004
..To identify the brain regions associated with the cognitive generation of affect in hypomanic bipolar patients...
- A sham-controlled trial of the efficacy and safety of twice-daily rTMS in major depression
Colleen K Loo
School of Psychiatry, University of NSW and Black Dog Institute, Sydney, Australia
Psychol Med 37:341-9. 2007
..Studies of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in depression have mostly involved once-daily treatment, with positive but modest clinical results. This study tested the efficacy and safety of twice-daily rTMS over 2 weeks...
- Mentalizing in male schizophrenia patients is compromised by virtue of dysfunctional connectivity between task-positive and task-negative networks
Pritha Das
Discipline of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia
Schizophr Res 140:51-8. 2012
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- Overview of violence to self and others during the first episode of psychosis
Olav B Nielssen
St Vincent s Hospital, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia
J Clin Psychiatry 73:e580-7. 2012
..We aimed to review the evidence for an association between the first episode of psychosis and violence and to consider the possible explanations for this association and the implications for clinicians and service providers...
- Is lithium in a class of its own? A brief profile of its clinical use
Gin S Malhi
Discipline of Psychological Medicine, University of Sydney, Australia
Aust N Z J Psychiatry 43:1096-104. 2009
..Arguably, lithium is the only true mood stabilizer and because of its unique properties is in a class of its own...
- Regional gray matter changes in bipolar disorder: a voxel-based morphometric study
Xiaohua Chen
Neuropsychiatric Institute, Euroa Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
Aust N Z J Psychiatry 41:327-36. 2007
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- Characteristics of bipolar disorder in an Australian specialist outpatient clinic: comparison across large datasets
Philip B Mitchell
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
Aust N Z J Psychiatry 43:109-17. 2009
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- The management of bipolar disorder in general practice
Philip B Mitchell
School of Psychiatry, Prince of Wales Hospital, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW
Med J Aust 184:566-70. 2006
..There has also been increasing recognition of the contribution of psychological therapies to symptom relief, relapse prevention, optimal function, and quality of life...
- Feeling unsupported? An investigation of depressed patients' perceptions
Gemma L Gladstone
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales and Mood Disorders Unit, Black Dog Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, New South Wales, 2031, Australia
J Affect Disord 103:147-54. 2007
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- Who picks psychiatry? Perceptions, preferences and personality of medical students
Gin S Malhi
CADE Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, New South Wales 2065, Australia
Aust N Z J Psychiatry 45:861-70. 2011
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- The efficacy of N-acetylcysteine as an adjunctive treatment in bipolar depression: an open label trial
Michael Berk
Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
J Affect Disord 135:389-94. 2011
..Given the failure of almost all modern trials of antidepressants in bipolar disorder to demonstrate efficacy, and the limited efficacy of mood stabilisers in the depressive phase of the disorder, this is a major unmet need...
- Implications of childhood trauma for depressed women: an analysis of pathways from childhood sexual abuse to deliberate self-harm and revictimization
Gemma L Gladstone
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
Am J Psychiatry 161:1417-25. 2004
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- An emotional Stroop functional MRI study of euthymic bipolar disorder
Gin S Malhi
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
Bipolar Disord 7:58-69. 2005
..To identify the brain regions associated with emotional processing in euthymic bipolar patients...
- Medicating mood with maintenance in mind: bipolar depression pharmacotherapy
Gin S Malhi
CADE Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Bipolar Disord 11:55-76. 2009
..The purpose of this paper is to briefly review the evidence base for the pharmacotherapy of bipolar depression and to discuss the recommendations for its optimal management...
- Lithium specificity in bipolar illness: a classic agent for the classic disorder
Samuel Gershon
Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
Bipolar Disord 11:34-44. 2009
..We demonstrate that lithium possesses significant clinical and therapeutic efficacy that is very individual and thus remains the treatment of choice for bipolar disorder when used specifically in select patients...
- Executive functioning and theory of mind in euthymic bipolar disorder
Amanda L Olley
School of Psychiatry, Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Bipolar Disord 7:43-52. 2005
..This is consistent with other neuropsychological and neuroimaging research that points to a trait deficit in BD. Further investigation is necessary perhaps using more real-world tests...
- When euthymia is just not good enough: the neuropsychology of bipolar disorder
Amanda Olley
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales and Mood Disorders Unit, Black Dog Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
J Nerv Ment Dis 193:323-30. 2005
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- Dual-dual action? Combining venlafaxine and mirtazapine in the treatment of depression
Gin S Malhi
Discipline of Psychological Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
Aust N Z J Psychiatry 42:346-9. 2008
..This paper describes a prospective case series that examined the efficacy of the venlafaxine-mirtazapine combination in the treatment of depressed patients who had failed at least one antidepressant trial...
- Cognitive compromise in bipolar disorder with chronic cannabis use: cause or consequence?
Catherine M Cahill
University of New South Wales, School of Psychiatry, Sydney, Australia
Expert Rev Neurother 6:591-8. 2006
..The findings are contextualized within bipolar disorder, examining functional outcome...
- The International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) Task Force report on the nomenclature of course and outcome in bipolar disorders
Mauricio Tohen
Department of Psychiatry, Division of Mood and Anxiety Disorders, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, MC 7792, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
Bipolar Disord 11:453-73. 2009
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- Metabolite profiles in the anterior cingulate cortex of depressed patients differentiate those taking N-acetyl-cysteine versus placebo
Pritha Das
1Discipline of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Australia
Aust N Z J Psychiatry 47:347-54. 2013
..Conclusion: The finding of higher Glx and NAA levels being predictive of the NAC group provides preliminary support for the putative anti-oxidative role of NAC in MDD...
- Bordering on bipolar: the overlap between borderline personality and bipolarity
Carissa M Coulston
CADE Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
Aust N Z J Psychiatry 46:506-21. 2012
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- Mania, homicide and severe violence
Olav B Nielssen
1Clinical Research Unit for Anxiety and Depression, St Vincent s Hospital, Darlinghurst, Sydney, Australia
Aust N Z J Psychiatry 46:357-63. 2012
..Mania has been reported to be a risk factor for aggression and violence in psychiatric hospitals, but the extent of any association between mania and severe interpersonal violence in community settings is not known...
- Diagnostic guidelines for bipolar disorder: a summary of the International Society for Bipolar Disorders Diagnostic Guidelines Task Force Report
S Nassir Ghaemi
Bipolar Disorder Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
Bipolar Disord 10:117-28. 2008
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- A study using transcranial magnetic stimulation to investigate motor mechanisms in psychomotor retardation in depression
Colleen K Loo
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 11:935-46. 2008
..Our study suggests that although the motor pathway from the motor cortex to the muscle is unimpaired, psychomotor retardation in depression is characterized by a reduced ability to drive the motor cortex...
- Why am I depressed?: An investigation of whether patients' beliefs about depression concur with their diagnostic subtype
Lucy A Tully
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
J Nerv Ment Dis 194:543-6. 2006
..Patients can distinguish differing causes of depression. The implications of the findings for the current classificatory systems of depression are discussed...
- Bipolar depression: phenomenological overview and clinical characteristics
Philip B Mitchell
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales and Mood Disorders Unit, Black Dog Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Bipolar Disord 6:530-9. 2004
..This paper aims to review the clinical characteristics of bipolar depression, focusing upon its prevalence and phenomenology, related neuropsychological dysfunction, suicidal behaviour, disability and treatment responsiveness...
- Is coping well a matter of personality? A study of euthymic unipolar and bipolar patients
Carissa M Coulston
CADE Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
J Affect Disord 145:54-61. 2013
..This study examined differences between euthymic BD and UP patients with respect to the inter-relationship between personality, coping style, and clinical outcomes...
- Cognitive generation of affect in bipolar depression: an fMRI study
Gin S Malhi
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
Eur J Neurosci 19:741-54. 2004
..The differential patterns of activation inform us about bipolar depression and have potential diagnostic and therapeutic significance...
- Increased theta and alpha EEG activity during nondirective meditation
Jim Lagopoulos
Discipline of Psychological Medicine and Northern Clinical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
J Altern Complement Med 15:1187-92. 2009
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- Pharmacotherapy of bipolar disorder: the role of atypical antipsychotics and experimental strategies
Gin S Malhi
The University of New South Wales Mood Disorders Unit, The Black Dog Institute, The Villa, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia
Hum Psychopharmacol 17:407-12. 2002
..This paper summarizes some of the data regarding these "experimental" therapeutic options, focusing principally on atypical antipsychotics as these are now widely prescribed in the management of bipolar disorder...
- Hippocampal and amygdala volumes in an older bipolar disorder sample
Chanaka Wijeratne
Euroa Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Int Psychogeriatr 25:54-60. 2013
..The aim of this study was to compare hippocampal and amygdala volumes in older bipolar patients with controls...
- The expanding pharmacopoeia for bipolar disorder
Philip B Mitchell
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
Annu Rev Med 53:173-88. 2002
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- Increased pituitary volume in patients with established bipolar affective disorder
Tsutomu Takahashi
Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Victoria, Australia
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 33:1245-9. 2009
..psychotic and nonpsychotic). Pituitary volume was larger in females than in males for both groups. These results support previous neuroendocrine findings that implicate HPA axis dysfunction in the core pathophysiological process of BD...
- Neurocognition in bipolar disorder and juvenile bipolar disorder
Catherine M Cahill
CADE Clinic, Department of Psychiatry, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney Australia
J Can Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 18:221-30. 2009
..Future research needs to focus on these and employ multimodal tests in pristine patient groups, with a view to identifying reliable biomarkers...
- Emerging drugs for bipolar disorder
Philip B Mitchell
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Black Dog Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, NSW 2031, Australia
Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 11:621-34. 2006
..A number of possible future directions and challenges for the field are discussed. The treatment of bipolar disorder is unlikely to advance substantially until the causative pathogenetic molecular processes are elucidated...
- A fiber-optic system for recording skin conductance in the MRI scanner
Jim Lagopoulos
University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
Behav Res Methods 37:657-64. 2005
..5 and 3.0 Tesla MRI scanners running EPI sequences. This system was able to safely record SCRs free of RF interference during an fMRI experiment, and the fiber-optic design of the transducer eliminated any artifacts on the MRI scan...
- Bipolar disorder: it's all in your mind? The neuropsychological profile of a biological disorder
Gin S Malhi
Black Dog Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Can J Psychiatry 49:813-9. 2004
..To compare and contrast the neuropsychological profile of the 3 phases of bipolar disorder (BD) to achieve a better definition of BD and to identify potential state and trait deficits...
- Pharmacotherapy to limit weight gain caused by antipsychotic use
Gin S Malhi
The Mood Disorders Unit, The Villa, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW 2031, Sydney, Australia
Expert Opin Pharmacother 4:1679-86. 2003
..Greater awareness and a willingness to address the problem are needed along with more research into the development of weight gain and its prevention. This review examines these issues with a pharmacotherapy focus...
- Comparison of diagnostic guidelines for juvenile bipolar disorder
Catherine Cahill
University of Sydney Discipline of Psychological Medicine, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, Australia
Aust N Z J Psychiatry 41:479-84. 2007
..It is recommended that clinicians and researchers need to develop diagnostic guidelines that have clinical salience and can be used for future research by incorporating key features of those that are currently available...
- Obsessive-compulsive behaviour: a disorder of decision-making
Perminder S Sachdev
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
Aust N Z J Psychiatry 39:757-63. 2005
..With the increasing interest in the neurobiology of decision-making, it may be useful to conceptualize OCD as a disorder of decision-making...
- Recognizing the anxious face of depression
Gin S Malhi
School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
J Nerv Ment Dis 190:366-73. 2002
..Such a model and its definition assist in clarifying the cause of anxious depression and its treatment...
