H Miwa

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..Since dopamine is closely involved in acquisition of food preferences, dietary changes with/without compulsive eating may be a manifestation of an alteration of appetitive behaviors due to excessive dopaminergic neurotransmission...

..To evaluate the usefulness of the somatosensory-evoked potential (SEP) in differentiating progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) from other movement disorders...

..This might also implicate that Lewy body formation in the DMV in PD is possibly related to peroral invasion of environmental toxins that inhibit ubiquitin-proteasome system function...

..Various hypotheses have been proposed, but the supporting data are not yet sufficient to draw any conclusions. Further basic research is required to advance our understanding of the antiparkinsonian mechanism of zonisamide...

..To study the effect of zonisamide on experimental tremors in rats...

..The cortical T2-low signal intensity in MSA might reflect the spread of degenerative processes in the cortex...

..Although the pathophysiological mechanism underlying the hair loss is unclear, hair loss may be possibly overlooked, and should be noted as a possible side effect of the dopaminergic therapy...

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..To examine the mechanisms underlying the anti-tremor effect of zonisamide in rats under conditions of tacrine-induced tremulous jaw movements (TJMs)...

..Development of convenient and reproducible methods for evaluating rodent tremor is therefore recommended...

..These results reveal that intrastriatal proteasome inhibition sufficiently induces retrograde dopaminergic neuronal degeneration with abundant accumulation of alpha-synuclein in the SN...

..Another speculation is that abnormal afferent input from the paralyzed side contributes to the abnormal sensitization of the blink reflex, thereby facilitating the induction of abnormal facial motor outputs such as blepharospasm...

..Based on both basic and clinical studies, the possibility is emerging that T-type calcium channel blockers that transit into the central nervous system may have therapeutic potentials for tremor disorders...

..To determine the prevalence of fatigue and factors associated with fatigue in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD)...

..Clarifying the role of genetic susceptibility in pathophysiological mechanisms underlying hemifacial spasm is an important approach toward better understanding of the pathogenesis of cranial rhizopathies...

..Reversible cerebral atrophy (pseudoatrophy) is observable in patients with anorexia nervosa. However, it is extremely rare to see marked cerebellar atrophy...

..Recognition of these species-specific differences in the response of the olivocerebellar system to harmaline is an important consideration for experimental analysis of the rodent model of tremors...

..The present results suggest that T-type calcium channels in the CNS may be a suitable target for developing new therapeutic strategies for treating parkinsonian tremor...

..CONCLUSIONS: The cure rate of the 5-day RACM regimen was more effective than the 7-day RAC regimen, suggesting that this regimen could be preferable as a first-line therapy for H. pylori infection...

..The present unilateral GP-lesion model appears to be a useful one for the pharmacobehavioral investigation of D2-mediated mechanisms...

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..9% sensitivity and 87.9% specificity with 92.9% accuracy, which were comparable or even better than that of both rapid whole blood tests, suggesting its usefulness in screening of H. pylori infection...

..A more detailed random examination should be carried out...

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..4% (8/125) receiving 40 mg/day istradefylline. We conclude that istradefylline at 20 mg and 40 mg once daily is effective in relieving wearing-off fluctuations of PD patients. In addition, istradefylline was well tolerated at both doses...

..Our recent study on the Japanese population also supported the consensus, that is, a negative relationship between H. pylori infection and symptoms in functional dyspepsia patients...

..Since TCS and MIBG myocardial scintigraphy can distinctively detect PD-related pathological phenomenon, it is expected that the combination of these tests could contribute to an accurate diagnosis of PD...

..54, 95% CI 0.30-0.98). In conclusion, CS/SSM, surgical treatment for CS/SSM and occupation at onset are suspected to be risk factors for developing/triggering or worsening ALS...

..It is clinically important to recognize that the lateral caudal medullary infarction appears without signs and symptoms of lower cranial nerve palsies commonly involved in Wallenberg syndrome...

..Appropriate diagnosis and commencing adequate treatment are needed for a good prognosis; thus, neurosyphilis should be included in the differential diagnosis of mesiotemporal magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities...

..Bulbar palsy onset and age at onset were expected as predictors of the survival rate...

..However, a high incidence of ALS persisted among males in Wakayama prefecture, especially in the Kozagawa and Koza areas. Some environmental factors and gender specificity may be related to the decreased incidence of ALS in focus areas...

..Neuroprotective and/or neurotoxic effects of microglia on motor neurons should be further studied...

..Therefore, the present findings are evidence of the existence of the subthalamo-pallido-striatal axis as a feedback system in the internal circuits of the basal ganglia...

..A jerk-locked averaging technique revealed premyoclonic cortical potentials in 9 patients. These findings suggest that small-amplitude myoclonic movements in MSA are a form of cortical myoclonus...

..No adverse event was observed. Levodopa-without-DCI-therapy was effective for controlling motor fluctuation in patients of Parkinson's disease in advanced stages...

..In patients with MSA, disproportionate antecollis is common before levodopa treatment, and levodopa induced off-dystonia of his trunk is very rare...

..However, TCS of the SN has not been applied in Japanese patients, and its clinical potential has not been determined...

..Further basic studies are required to clarify the complex link between dopamine and the reward system, but such findings will contribute to a better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanism underlying the placebo effect in PD...

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..We discuss the relationship of the idiopathic recurrent cranial neuropathy with disorders characterized by inflammation of the dura mater, such as Tolosa-Hunt syndrome and cranial pachymeningitis...

..Further basic studies are required to clarify the complex link between dopamine and the reward system, but such findings will contribute to a better understanding of the pathophysiological mechanism underlying the placebo effect in PD...

..A dose-dependent decrease in DA level was observed, indicating that DA level in selegiline-treated rats can be controlled by L-DOPA dose...

..Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated a diffuse leukoencephalopathy. Six months after the initiation of methylcobalamin therapy, there were clinical improvement and reduction in the MRI abnormalities...

..Although myelitis of these patients may be a first attack of MS, their findings appear to support a recently emerging concept of the atopic myelitis...

..JTE-522 increased iNOS protein expression in RIE cells. We conclude that COX-2 suppressed iNOS expression in RIE cells through suppression of NF-kappaB by stabilizing Ikappa-Balpha...

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..Although the pathophysiological relationship between primary writing tremor and writer's cramp are unclear, the unique characters of this tremor may suggest that a focal task-specific tremor and essential tremor can co-exist...

..No remarkable aggravation of parkinsonism was observed. The present results indicate that quetiapine is an useful drug for treating antiparkinsonian-drug-induced psychosis in the patient with Parkinson's disease...

..Although hiccups may be a non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD), they have attracted little research attention to date...

..A controlled trial of this drug in the future would be valuable...

..8%. The incidence of extrapyramidal signs is more frequent than expected by chance, suggesting that the degeneration of basal ganglia and/or substantia nigra may not be so rare in ALS...

..We hope that this model will be useful in developing a disease modifying therapy of Parkinson's disease...

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..Administration of a beta-blocker and consumption of small amount of alcohol could effectively improve the tremor, possibly suggesting that this type of tremor might be a clinical variant of essential tremor...

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..The present findings are likely to be similar to those of a novel form of focal neuromytonia reported recently as 'isolated finger flexion'...

..In the PD patients, there was no correlation between the FAB scores and their age or duration of the illness. The FAB is likely to be useful and convenient battery for assessing frontal lobe function at bedside in the PD patients...

..From symptomatological as well as genetic aspects, FEME has been suggested to be heterogeneous. We propose that this unique akinetorigid attack might be a new clinical phenotype of FEME...