M Hirokawa

..The etiology of esophageal xanthoma remains unclear. We emphasize that esophageal xanthomas may have been erroneously diagnosed as an ectopic sebaceous gland on endoscopic examination...

..We argue that morules appear in connection with nuclear and cytoplasmic aberrant localization of beta-catenin, and are not an early form of squamous metaplasia...

..To reduce observer variation of encapsulated follicular lesions, it will be necessary to provide more explicit criteria for diagnosis...

..We report here three cases of secretory breast carcinoma with acinic cell differentiation, and discuss the similarity between secretory breast carcinoma and acinic cell carcinoma of the salivary gland...

..We emphasize that the presence of perivascular radiating elastic fibers may be helpful in diagnosing pleomorphic adenoma in small biopsy specimens...

..We emphasize that the HBME-1 reactivity should be evaluated in connection with the histological findings, and that positive and negative controls stained in parallel are necessary...

..We emphasize that skeinoid fibers are characteristic of GIST arising in the small intestine, and their presence predicts a good prognosis, even in malignant GIST...

..The findings do not support the suggestion that hyalinizing trabecular adenoma is an encapsulated variant of papillary carcinoma...

..We describe cytologic findings of giant lamellar bodies associated with pulmonary mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma...

..We emphasize that septate cytoplasmic vacuoles correspond to dilated rough endoplasmic vacuoles and are probably related to degenerative changes...

..Although cytologic findings of clear cell adenocarcinoma of the female genital tract have been reported sporadically, the background on the smear has received little attention...

..The coffee-bean nuclei can be seen in mucinous cystadenoma, borderline mucinous tumors, and borderline serous tumors...

..Sclerosing lipogranuloma of the scrotum is a rare granulomatous lesion of the subcutis. To the best of our knowledge, there have been no English-language reports dealing with its cytologic findings...

..To the best of our knowledge, there have been no English-language reports on its cytologic findings...

..These two cases therefore suggest that EBV-associated HD can develop in patients with seropositivity for HTLV-I...

..Ectopic hamartomatous thymoma is a rare, benign tumor occurring exclusively in the supraclavicular and suprasternal regions. To the best of our knowledge, there are no English-language reports on its cytologic findings...

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..It is remarkable that the tumor cells of the present case expressed gastric type mucin which is characteristic of mucinous type cervical MDA...

..Furthermore, we emphasize that eosinophils in LCG mimic neutrophils in ethanol-fixed preparations, and thus may be a pitfall in making a diagnosis in cytology and intraoperative consultation...

..We discuss the immunohistochemical differentiation of vasitis nodosa from prostatic adenocarcinoma, adenocarcinoma of the rete testis, and adenomatoid tumor...

..To investigate their diagnostic value in peritoneal washing specimens, we reviewed peritoneal washing cytology preparations from 83 cases of ovarian tumors...

..Negative findings on T2 and/or dynamic MRI indicated non-invasive or early invasive cervical diseases < or = 5 mm. The dynamic technique provided only limited additional value in the detection of early invasive cervical carcinoma...

..Clinicopathological features as well as differential diagnoses are described with a review of the literature on both leiomyosarcoma and fatty replacement of the pancreas. A possible correlation between the two lesions is also discussed...

..Pigmented renal cell carcinoma is very rare, and there have been no reports on its cytologic findings...

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..We propose the diagnostic term "oncocytic lipoadenoma" for this benign tumor...

..Our study showed that intestinal mucosal cell proliferation is promoted by mechanical pressure and various intracellular signaling pathways are involved in the process...

..These results suggest a possible role for pressure loading in immune modulation of the intestinal mucosa by the stimulation of IL-6 release from intestinal epithelial cells...

..0001). Our data suggest that promoter hypermethylation of RASSF1A and resultant alterations of RASSF1A expression may play a critical role in pituitary tumorigenesis and may be involved in tumor progression...

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..Colonic pseudolipomatosis is rare and the pathogenesis is controversial. The purpose of the present paper was to clarify endoscopic and histological characteristics of colonic pseudolipomatosis and to discuss the etiology...

..Protein truncation tests for APC molecule abnormality indicated the presence of germline mutation in the patient's APC gene...

..Moreover, detection of FGFR4 cytoplasmic staining may provide an ancillary diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of pituitary adenoma, particularly in equivocal cases...

..Immunostaining using the antibody for Topo-II alpha seems to be useful in recognizing lipoblasts that have been overlooked in hematoxylin-eosin-stained preparations, and is a useful marker for diagnosing liposarcoma...

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..Recent evidence suggests that tumor production of CXCR4 promotes lymph node metastasis. Nitric oxide (NO) may also increase metastatic ability in human cancers...

..Duodenal lymphangitis carcinomatosa has been sporadically described, but so far little attention has been paid to duodenal lymphangitis carcinomatosa...

..In this study we investigated the clinical significance of extranodal tumor extension to adjacent organs (nodal ex) in papillary thyroid carcinoma...

..Therefore, it is suggested that poorly differentiated carcinoma (Sakamoto) predicted the likeliness of carcinoma recurrence, it is inappropriate to separate it as an independent histology...

..The prognosis depends on the histopathologic type and the staging. It should be recognized that early diagnosis and correct treatment lead to favorable prognosis...

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..We prefer the term "xanthomatous polyp" rather than xanthoma in the colorectal region. They may be regarded as a novel type of colorectal non-neoplastic polyp...

..The recognition of melanotic oncocytic metaplasia is of clinical importance, as it may be misdiagnosed as a malignancy to the unwary...

..In conclusion, the reduction of E-cadherin and beta-catenin expression was related to invasiveness and proliferative status of prolactinomas and correlated with the more aggressive behavior of prolactinomas in men compared with in women...

..Taken together, these data suggest that accumulation of mutant beta-catenin contributes to the development of the C-MV of PTC...

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..Five out of twenty reported gastric IHP cases, including our cases, coexisted with gastric adenocarcinoma. These facts would lead us to further investigate the relation between gastric IHP and carcinoma...

..MIB-1-labeling index was 1.6%. CONCLUSION: When one sees atypical epithelioid tumor cells in a tuberous sclerosis patient during an intraoperative consultation, one must consider epithelioid angiomyolipoma...

..Mutation of the p53 gene was not detected. This is the first report on Ki-ras oncogene mutations in a case of SETTLE...

..Pleomorphic lobular carcinoma (PLC) with apocrine differentiation is a rare breast carcinoma, and its cytologic findings have not been reported before...

..0001, respectively) and with size (P=0.0013, P=0.0001, and P<0.0001, respectively). These results indicate that the alteration in the E-cadherin/catenin expression may be involved in the growth and progression of gastrointestinal NETs...

..To clarify the cytologic findings of hyalinizing trabecular adenoma (HTA) in order to reduce erroneous diagnoses of papillary carcinoma...

..Although the precise underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated, the high frequency of nuclear expression of E-cadherin (11 of 16 cases) may be diagnostically useful...

..Our data also suggest that immunohistochemical examination of specific myoepithelial markers is helpful in distinguishing sebaceous EMC from sebaceous carcinoma, which may occasionally be associated with an aggressive clinical course...

..In this study, we present our experience regarding the prevalence and prognoses of these variants of papillary carcinoma...

..Physicians should be aware that esophageal LELC endoscopically mimics benign submucosal tumor. This case may demonstrate that esophageal LELC is a slow-growing tumor and it is related to immune reaction...

..We concluded that most endocrine cells seen in ductal adenocarcinomas of the pancreas are non-neoplastic and are derived from the surrounding islets. Some neoplastic endocrine cells may exist, though their frequency is low...

..We believed that fever was induced by inflammatory cytokines produced in thyroid. The case indicated that Hashimoto's thyroiditis with nontender goiter could cause idiopathic fever...

..Based on the clinical history and histopathology, we consider the lesion to have originated from recurrent pleomorphic adenoma...

..However, few studies have been published regarding the prognosis of follicular carcinoma patients in Japan, which prompted us to investigate this issue...

..The present case is the first known case of secretory carcinoma demonstrating a bloody nipple discharge to come from a cyst which has been invaded by carcinoma...

..The Ki-67 labeling index of FATWO was 0% and 3.2% in each case. The preservation of the E-cadherin-catenin complex and low Ki-67 labeling index could explain the indolent behavior and low malignant potential of this tumor...

..The patient is still alive with neither metastasis nor recurrence. This is the 42nd case of carcinosarcoma of the prostate to be reported in the literature...

..Although female sex hormones have been reported to play a role in the occurrence of OCN, the participation of beta-catenin mutation has also been suggested...

..In dynamic MRI, the mass revealed gradual but slight heterogeneous enhancement from the periphery. Diagnosis was confirmed by histopathology...

..Treatment for neuroendocrine cell carcinoma of the rectum was controversial. Surgical resection and adjuvant chemotherapy might be one of the methods for gastrointestinal neruroendocrine cell carcinoma...

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..The tumor, measuring 31 mm x 21 mm x 20 mm, was pathohistologically diagnosed as an extrahepatic portal obstruction. Extrahepatic portal obstruction is an important disease that is sometimes difficult to rule out oncologic origin...