Kenichi Tanaka

..The depression for the IP in which Gd is replaced with similar amount of B atoms was estimated to be about 10%. The signal intensity for this IP is estimated to be at a similar level with that for Gd-doped IP...

..The aim of this study was to develop a dose calculation method which is applicable to the interseed attenuation and the geometry lacking the equilibrium radiation scatter conditions in brachytherapy...

..06 Bq/g evaluated with the imaging plate, which was previously validated. Also, the dependence of the detection efficiency was shown to be an exponential function of the sample thickness and nearly proportional to the area of the sample...

..g. the discrepancy of the (157)Gd(n,gamma)(158)Gd reaction rate between measurement and calculation becomes 30% for the photon energy change from 33keV to 1.253MeV...

..At least 34 ms is estimated to be enough to make a hole on Cu backing plate. A beam shutdown mechanism with a response time of about 20 ms is therefore required...

..1+/-45.5 mGy before 1949 while the younger population received up to about 100 mGy with an average value of 11.5+/-37.7 mGy...

..As expected, doses from X-ray examinations measured by glass dosimetry were in the microGy range, well below the ESR detection limit and also below the doses measured in enamel samples from residents of the SNTS...

..The RBE of carbon beam had a maximum of 4.5 at the Bragg peak. Downstream of the Bragg peak, the RBE rapidly decreases. The RBE of fragments is dominated by Boron particles around the Bragg peak region...

..25 Gy. These results are in agreement with the pattern of radioactive contamination of the territory after the nuclear test of 1949 except one case of extremely high dose, which should be additionally investigated...

..Since ESR dosimetry for SNTS usually has similar errors, the dose by the X-ray scan in this study is concluded to be negligible in ESR dosimetry using tooth enamel from residents near SNTS...

..We can conclude that the treatment dose will not induce serious secondary neutron effects at distances greater than 90 mm from the Bragg peak in carbon particle therapy...

..For a final conclusion on the radiological situation in this region, the number of samples was too small and, therefore, more work is required to obtain representative results...

..It was found that the use of BDE becomes unnecessary from the viewpoint of increasing the TPD, when 10B(Tumour) is over a certain level which is decided by the conditions of the dose protocol...

..In this process, the values for which the resultant characteristics mentioned above saturate or reverse would be important factors...

..3 +/- 0.6 for micronucleated cells in gill cell of Medaka and 4.6 +/- 0.5 for induction of lymphocyte apoptosis in the thymus of ICR mice...

..8 +/- 0.5 mGy (MJ m(-2))(-1), which corresponds to 19.6 +/- 1.3 mGy h(-1) at the latitude of Hiroshima. Signals S2 and S3 may be used to recognize the effect of solar radiation on the enamel...

..Therefore there is a need for wider studies including consideration of tobacco consumption as well as a larger number of samples for tooth enamel dosimetry...

..It should be noted, however, that the possibility of more extreme exposure scenarios for example for entrants who received much heavier soil contamination on their skin cannot be excluded...

..2, 60.95, 64.83, 95.03, 114.79, 124.69, 135.2 and 144.98 mm, respectively) to cover the SOBP (at 60-125 mm depth). The new system can separately determine produced fragments from the incident SOBP carbon beam in a body-simulated phantom...

..83+/-0.08 for a thickness of 1.2+/-0.2 mm. Using these values, 90Sr concentration has been estimated to be 0.11 Bq/g for the thin sample and 0.12 Bq/g for the thick sample, hence they are in good agreement...

..The cumulative skin dose for 1 month after the explosion is taken as the representative value. The estimated skin dose for an initial ¹³⁷Cs deposition of 1 kBq m⁻² was determined to be about 500 mSv...

..Thus, the validity of the proposed numerical method to correct the IP response for sample thickness has successfully been demonstrated...

..It was observed to rapidly decrease for Bragg peaks occurring at deeper positions in the phantom. The dose from the beam fragments accounted for about 30% to the total dose, however, its contribution to the RBE was less than 17%...

..The measured variation in dose with respect to the total mouse mass was closely reproduced by the calculation results for neutron and gamma-ray dose. Distortion of the neutron spectrum was observed to occur between 1 keV and 1 MeV...

..The effect of sample mass on the spectrometer's sensitivity was investigated in order to find out how to make appropriate corrections...

..These results suggest radiation effects both on the chromosomes in peripheral lymphocytes and on the follicular cells in the thyroid...

..4 +/- 0.4) x 10(13) atoms m(-2) and 0.25 +/- 0.16, respectively. This (129)I/(137)Cs ratio is almost similar to the fission yield ratio for (239)Pu fast fission (0.24)...