S Tsugane

..These findings provided information as to the quantitative risk for premature death due to smoking among middle-aged Japanese men and women, and showed that the elevated risk was not explained by the unhealthy lifestyle of smokers...

..To assess the predictability of plasma ascorbic acid level in Japanese men, we examined its association with dietary sources of vitamin C and other lifestyle factors...

..Restriction of salt and salted food intake is a practical strategy to prevent gastric cancer in areas with high risk...

..This study was aimed at evaluating the effect of long-term vitamin C supplementation on serum and dietary vitamin C and identifying the factors associated with change in serum concentration...

..This paper examines the association between body mass index (BMI; kg/m2) and mortality in Japan, where the mortality profile and BMI distribution differ substantially from Western countries...

..pylori from the stomach...

..The results suggest that variation in gastric cancer mortality in Japan may be partly accounted for by the regional differences in consumption of sodium, carotene, and possibly ascorbic acid...

..No unfavorable change in carotenoids and alpha-tocopherol was observed in any group...

..Cooking methods for meats, seafoods and vegetables were also unique in Okinawa. No distinct geographical difference was shown in food preference and modification of dietary habit by dietary advice...

..CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that in populations with a high and stable over time intake of n-3 PUFA of marine origin, a single measurement of serum phospholipids reflects the ranking of habitual intake of marine origin n-3 PUFA...

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..The results suggest that plasma levels of beta-carotene and alpha-tocopherol, and possibly alpha-carotene, lycopene, and ascorbic acid, may partly account for the regional difference in gastric cancer mortality in Japan...

..62) for women in the former method, and 0.26 (-0.04-0.58) for men and 0.38 (0.18-0.67) for women in the latter method. CONCLUSIONS: We did not find the improved validity of FFQ by empirical weight method in predicting nutrient intakes...

..The present study suggests that organochlorine compounds are transported into the human body via foods in the Japanese population. Their effects on health should thus be investigated and monitored...

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..01 in men and from 1.13 to 0.96 in women. The use of the developed fatty acid food composition table may increase the reliability on nutrition-disease association in future nutritional epidemiologic studies for Japanese populations...

..These data and blood samples serve as basis for the Japan Public Health Center-based prospective Study on cancer and cardiovascular diseases (JPHC Study)...

..The ethnic difference in hOGG1 Ser326Cys polymorphism was much greater than the case-control difference, and this polymorphism is unlikely to be associated with gastric cancer...

..In conclusion, the sensitivity of self-reports of cancer was much lower in this cohort than in the US results except for breast cancer...

..In conclusion, in this nested case-control study, concentrations of circulating total testosterone, free testosterone or SHBG were not strongly associated with a risk for total prostate cancer...

..By site, decreased risks were observed for cancers of the colon, liver, and pancreas in men and for cancer of the stomach in women. Increased daily physical activity may be beneficial in preventing cancer in a relatively lean population...

..Our data do not support the hypothesis that plasma levels of p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDE, HCB, and beta-HCH are associated with an overall increased risk of breast cancer among Japanese women...

..We prospectively examined the association between daily total physical activity level (METs/day) and subsequent risk of all-cause mortality and mortalities from cancer, heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease...

..Here, we investigated the association between alcohol consumption and lung cancer incidence...

..Although people with a history of diabetes may be at increased risk of cancer, extreme body mass index and metabolic factors in the aggregate had little impact on overall cancer risk in the Japanese population...

..We examined whether vitamin supplement use patterns affect cancer and CVD risk in a population-based cohort study in Japan...

..To investigate the relationship between the common cold and vitamin C supplementation...

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..Finally, cruciferous vegetables deserve further investigation as foods possibly effective in the prevention of esophageal SCC...

..15–3.66), respectively. In conclusion, cigarette smoking was confirmed as a risk factor for bladder cancer. Coffee and caffeine may be associated with an increased bladder cancer risk in never or former smokers among Japanese men...

..Our results suggest that intake of marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may be inversely related to the risk of cancer in the proximal site of the large bowel...

..Herein, we investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and kidney cancer risk in Japanese persons, a relatively lean population...

..Self-reported diagnoses of cancer do not provide sufficient accuracy for the detection and classification of incident cancers. Our findings may be extrapolated to other Japanese populations...

..005). In conclusion, our results suggest that those who react strongly to inflammation or who have a high host immune response, as reflected by extremely elevated plasma levels of CRP and SAA, are at a high risk to develop gastric cancer...

..Moreover, no prospective study has addressed this association in men...

..Our results suggest that coffee consumption may reduce the risk of liver cancer regardless of HCV and HBV infection status, whereas green tea may not reduce this risk..

..Previous experimental studies have suggested many possible anti-cancer mechanisms for green tea, but epidemiological evidence for the effect of green tea consumption on gastric cancer risk is conflicting...

..61 (95% confidence interval (CI)=0.36-1.03, P(trend)=0.07), 0.65 (95% CI=0.39-1.08, P(trend)=0.06) and 0.59 (95% CI=0.35-1.01, P(trend)=0.04), respectively...

..We prospectively examined whether metabolic factors predicts the subsequent risk of HCC in the Japan Public Health Center-based Prospective Study Cohort II, in consideration of hepatitis virus infection status...

..Women with hepatitis virus infection may be advised to abstain from isoflavone consumption. Further studies are warranted to confirm these findings...

..62 (1.15-2.29) and 1.53 (1.07-2.20), respectively. In conclusion, our results suggest that the intake of dairy products may be associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer...

..This association was not observed in women with non-adenocarcinoma and was weaker in men, suggesting various effects of smoking on lung cancer development depending on gender and the histological type of the tumor...

..The original FFQ and the shorter versions have sufficient validity and reproducibility to be used in epidemiologic studies...

..The JPHC study is expected to provide evidence for the prevention and control of cancer and cardiovascular diseases in the 21st century...

..The similar correlations with the serum concentrations may indicate an comparable value for ranking individuals between the two tables. However, the results were inconclusive for the estimation of absolute intakes...

..To evaluate effects of exposure to bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) on urinary excretion of bisphenol A, and plasma gonadotrophic hormones and testosterone in male epoxy resin sprayers...

..Moreover, a chip fixing two restriction sites (e.g. EcoRI and HindIII) showed the amplification by PCR for any location of genomic DNA. Repetitive PCRs have confirmed that a DNA chip can be stored by at -4 degrees C for 2 years...

..To investigate the association of dietary folate, vitamin B(6) (VB(6)) and vitamin B(12) (VB(12)) with the risk of coronary heart disease among middle-aged persons...

..To show the reduction in life expectancy due to smoking and the recovery of normal life expectancy by smoking cessation is useful for tobacco control health policy...

..CONCLUSION: These differences between participants and non-participants in the basic health examination might cause a selection bias that limits the application of the results to only participants in the basic health examination...

..Our findings suggest that those who have very low plasma levels of alpha-carotene and beta-carotene are at a higher risk of gastric cancer...

..09 for carotene, +0.1 and -0.5 mg/L, p = 0.07 for ascorbic acid). CONCLUSION: The present dietary intervention strategy effectively decreased sodium and increased carotene and vitamin C intakes, although the former was more distinct...

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..These findings suggest that cruciferous vegetables decrease the risk of both stomach and colorectal cancer, and that mushrooms are associated with a decreased risk of stomach cancer...

..We investigated the association of soy and isoflavone intake with risk of cerebral and myocardial infarctions (CI and MI)...

..We investigated the association between plasma folate and the risk of colorectal cancer in a nested case-control study...

..16) for vegetables. This prospective cohort study demonstrated that, in the Japanese population, consumption of fruit is associated with lower risk of CVD, whereas fruit or vegetables may not be associated with lower risk of total cancer...

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..To investigate the association between polymorphisms and gastrointestinal (gastric and colorectal) cancer, we performed a hospital-based case-control study in Japan...

..25 for the low-dose group and - 0.13 for the high-dose group (P = 0.046). To conclude, vitamin C supplementation may protect against progression of gastric mucosal atrophy...

..Although early estrogen exposure may have some protective effect, female reproductive factors may have no substantial influence on gastric cancer development...

..08). Results from this pilot study suggest urinary epsilon dA as a potential biomarker of DNA damage possibly derived from salt-induced inflammation and LPO; further exploration of epsilon dA in human biomonitoring studies is warranted...

..Further studies with more cases are needed to detect a positive association between cigarette smoking or alcohol consumption and cardia cancer...

..Although no striking differences in the association were seen between cardia and noncardia cancer, an inverse association was higher in differentiated rather than in undifferentiated types of gastric cancer...

..Nevertheless, there are no reports of analytical epidemiological study on stomach cancer in Brazil...

..CONCLUSIONS: The introduction of the habit of daily beef consumption among Japanese immigrants and their descendants may be associated with stomach cancer risk. The protective effect of fruit consumption was confirmed in this population...

..In conclusion, we observed no reduction in blood pressure with long-term moderate doses (500 mg/day) of vitamin C supplementation in a high-risk population for stomach cancer and stroke...

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..From these results, it is suggested that the dietary habits of consumers of traditional Japanese foods may play a role in the development of atrophic gastritis after H. pylori infection...

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..However, the correlation between H. pylori and colorectal cancer (CRC) is controversial. The aim of this study was to examine the correlation between H. pylori, serum gastrin level, and atrophic gastritis with CRC...

..082-0.824). Significant changes from pre-intervention to follow-up were also maintained (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: This dietary intervention program was maintained well over 4 years after the termination of the intervention sessions...

..032). CONCLUSION: Moderate-intensity dietary counseling in free-living healthy subjects achieved significant dietary changes, which resulted in a significant decrease in systolic blood pressure...

..It is unclear whether tobacco smoking is related to colorectal cancer risk in Japan. We evaluated the association among the Japanese population based on a systematic review of epidemiologic evidence...

..02) with colorectal cancer, although the other polymorphisms did not interact with any nutrient intake. In conclusion, the study did not support the existing hypothesis of gene-nutrient interaction in colorectal carcinogenesis...

..In conclusion, approximately half of the colorectal cancer cases may be preventable by tobacco and alcohol controls in middle-aged and elderly Japanese men...

..However, our present results do not preclude the possibility that vitamin C supplementation may decrease triacylglycerol concentrations among women with hypertriacylglycerolaemia...

..The findings of the present study suggest that polymorphism in associated candidate genes plays a role in the habitual use of tobacco and alcohol among Japanese men...

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..The results of the present study suggest that patients with atrophic gastritis in conjunction with the hOGG1 Cys allele might have a higher susceptibility to gastric cancer...

..6; 95% CI = 1.3-5.2) but not in postmenopausal women (RR = 0.7; 95% CI = 0.4-1.0). We conclude that tobacco smoking increases the risk of female breast cancer in premenopausal women...

..This study does not support the role of fish and Ln-3 PUFA in the etiology of colon and rectal cancer in this population whose fish consumption was high and the variation in Ln-3 PUFA consumption was large...

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..Similar patterns of results were found when the two cohorts were analyzed separately. CONCLUSIONS: Contrary to popular belief, our results suggest that vegetables and fruit do not appear to confer protection from lung cancer...

..These associations persisted in histologic subtypes. Our findings support the idea that the healthy pattern decreased the risk of gastric cancer among females, while the traditional pattern increased the risk in both genders...

..It would be of value, therefore, to quantify that association in Japan based on a systematic review of epidemiological evidence for the primary prevention of lung cancer...

..As tobacco smoking may be one of the few modifiable risk factors for breast cancer, we focused on the association between tobacco smoking and the risk of breast cancer in this review...

..Our results support previous evidence that low vitamin B-6 intake is associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. In particular, a higher intake of vitamin B-6 appears beneficial in men with higher alcohol intake...

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..We examined associations among soy isoflavone intake, estrogen receptor 2 (ESR2) gene polymorphisms and risk of endometriosis...

..These findings suggest that coffee consumption may lower the risk of colon cancer among Japanese women...

..In particular, we explored how these effects were influenced by smoking status and a history of diabetes...

..52 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.30-0.90], 0.50 (95% CI, 0.28-0.88), and 0.52 (95% CI, 0.29-0.90), respectively. In conclusion, we found that isoflavone intake was associated with a decreased risk of localized prostate cancer...

..To investigate prospectively the association between colorectal cancer screening and subsequent risk of colorectal cancer death in a large-scale population-based cohort study (the JPHC study) with a 13-year follow-up period in Japan...

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