Hiroshi Kobayashi

..We investigated the prevalence of ovarian cancer among women in the Shizuoka Cohort Study on Ovarian Cancer Screening (SCSOCS) trial who had an abnormal ultrasound (US) and a CA125 level of 35 U/ml or less...

..The rise in the detection of early-stage ovarian cancer in asymptomatic postmenopausal women is not significant, but future decisions on screening policy should be informed by further follow-up from this trial...

..They comprise approximately 20% of all EOC. Understanding the mechanisms of CCC development and elucidating pathogenesis and pathophysiology are intrinsic to prevention and effective therapies for CCC...

..The molecular pathology of CCC is heterogeneous and involves various putative precursor lesions and multiple pathways of development, possibly via genetic alteration by oxidative stress...

..Understanding the mechanisms of the development of endometriosis and elucidating its pathogenesis and pathophysiology are intrinsic to the prevention of endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer and the search for effective therapies...

..This brief review largely focuses on our current understanding of the apparent functions of bikunin, its ligands, the effector molecules with which it interacts, and its regulation...

..2 (95% CI = 6.90-20.9) in women above 50 years of age. Our findings for the first time support the hypothesis that ovarian endometrioma increases the subsequent risk of developing ovarian cancer in Shizuoka, Japan...

..Little is known about the natural history of ovarian cancer with respect to the change of serum CA125 level...

..Understanding the mechanisms of endometriosis development and elucidating its pathogenesis and pathophysiology are intrinsic to prevention and the search for effective therapies...

..This review summarizes recent advances in the understanding of epidemiology, carcinogenesis, pathogenesis, and pathophysiology of endometriosis-associated EOC; and a possible novel model is proposed...

..5) When the AS-matriptase-treated cells were injected intraperitoneally into nude mice, the mice developed smaller tumors. Our data identify a novel role for matriptase for activation of receptor-bound uPA...

..Human bikunin, a Kunitz-type trypsin inhibitor, inhibits inflammation by down-regulating the expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in tumor cells and inflammatory cells...

..IGF-I-induced IGFBP-4 proteolysis by PAPP-A may enhance cell growth and invasion through IGF-I-dependent Akt and ERK1/2 activation and subsequently upregulation of uPA...

..p. injection and dietary supplementation of a soybean KTI may play a role as a potent anti-inflammatory agent by inhibiting activation of MAP kinases, leading to the suppression of cytokine expression...

..In conclusion, KTI, but not BBI, could inhibit cell invasiveness at least through suppression of uPA signaling cascade, although the mechanisms of KTI may be different from those of bikunin...

..We conclude that transfection of HRA cells with the bik cDNA constitutively suppresses ERK1/2 activation, which results in inhibition of uPA expression and subsequently reduces dissemination of bik(+) clones...

..Further, genetic inhibition of matriptase or PAPP-A could lead to diminished invasion. These results show that bikunin alters the pattern of gene expression in HRA cells leading to a block in cell invasion...

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..Furthermore, combination therapy with thalidomide plus paclitaxel may be an effective way to markedly reduce i.p. tumor growth and ascites in ovarian cancer dissemination...

..We conclude that PI3K plays an essential role in promoting uPA-mediated invasive phenotype in HRA cells. Our data identify a novel role for PI3K as a bikunin target gene on uPA up-regulation and invasion...

..The Basidiomycete fungus Agaricus blazei Murill has traditionally been used as a health food for the prevention of cancer...

..This represents a novel pathway by which tumor cells can regulate the plasminogen activator system-dependent cellular responses in mesothelial cells that may contribute to formation of peritoneal dissemination of ovarian cancer...

..We performed a detailed molecular analysis of bikunin-mediated anti-inflammation (suppressive effect of cytokine release, MAP kinase activation, and nuclear translocation of NF-kB) using a truncated form of bikunin...

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..These data suggest that such effects are important in vivo and play a major contributory role in abrogation of neutrophil-mediated inflammatory responses, such as preterm delivery...

..A soybean Kunitz trypsin inhibitor (KTI) down-regulates the expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in tumor cells and inflammatory cells...

..The above findings suggest the applicability of therapeutic strategies targeting the inhibition of peritoneal invasion and dissemination of ovarian cancer by the use of the chimeric gene ATF-HI8...

..In conclusion, combination therapy with bikunin plus paclitaxel may be an effective way to markedly reduce i.p. tumor growth and ascites in ovarian carcinoma possibly through suppression of uPA, uPAR, VEGF and bFGF expression...

..HNF-1beta appears to play a key role in anti-oxidative defense mechanisms. We discuss the pathophysiologic roles of oxidative stress as somatic mutations as well as highly specific agents that effectively modulate these targets...

..Early recurrences of the stage IA UPSC can occur and continued close surveillance is recommended. We report herein the case about this entity...

..0005). Our data suggest that patterns of serum RAGE ligand concentration indicate different inflammatory pathways in normal pregnancy, EO-PE, and LO-PE...

..Therefore, cervical carcinoma patients with NAC1 expression may benefit from a targeted therapy irrespective of histologic type...

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..The aim of our review was to identify and synthesize the most current information on CCC with regard to molecular and pathophysiological distinctions...

..We have recently showed that the upregulated genes were predominantly clustered in stress and detoxification, providing a mechanistic explanation for the oxidative stress and chronic inflammatory response in endometriosis...

..Our study represents the first report that FSH amplifies IGF-I-mediated Crtl1 production, possibly via PI3-K-Akt signaling cascades in rat granulosa cells...

..A redox-sensitive subset of cEOC genes linked to oxidative and detoxification pathways was identified and associated with HNF-1beta-specific downstream targets...

..Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the commonest cause of gynecological cancer-related mortality. Although the prognosis for patients with advanced cancer is poor, there is a wide range of outcomes for individual patients...

..Our data suggest that HGF induces anoikis resistance in endometrial cancer cells possibly through PI3K/Akt pathway-dependent up-regulation of COX-2 expression...

..These studies demonstrate that proteins of the ITI family may exert potent regulatory effects on a major physiological reproductive process, ovulation...

..Understanding the mechanisms of the development of PTB and elucidating pathogenesis and pathophysiology are intrinsic to prevention and effective therapies for this disorder...

..The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge and future perspective on the new therapeutic targets and treatment strategies for CCC...

..In this review we have tried to summarize recent findings on the Kunitz family of serine proteinase inhibitors and their implications in health and disease...

..The sonographic and MR imaging findings mimicked ovarian cancer. Surgical intervention may still be inevitable to exclude the possibility of malignancy...

..Upregulation of PRRs expression may synergize with activation of HNF-1β signaling to accelerate endometriosis proliferation and cause carcinogenesis...

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..Taken together, these data support a role for TGF-beta1 activation of two distinct pathways (Src-MAPK-PI3K-NF-kappaB-dependent and Src-MAPK-AP-1-dependent) for TGF-beta1-dependent uPA up-regulation and promotion of invasion...

..In the present study, we reviewed TLR and RAGE expression, their ligands, and signaling in preterm birth...

..Preeclampsia lacks effective therapies because of the poor understanding of disease pathogenesis. The aim of this paper is to review molecular signaling pathways that could be responsible for the pathogenesis of preeclampsia...

..This review focuses on current knowledge of the genetic and environmental factors affecting the development of EOC, and outlines future challenges in its pathogenesis research...

..We also analyzed whether the predisposition toward ovarian cancer is limited to endometrioid and clear cell carcinoma...

..In conclusion, bikunin could inhibit the constitutive expression of TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta1-mediated, Src- and ERK-dependent, PA system signaling cascade, at least in part, through inhibition of a non-voltage-sensitive calcium channel...

..It is conceivable that testing for bikunin mRNA may identify patients with ovarian carcinoma who are at high risk for early disease recurrence and a poor prognosis...

..This case strongly suggests that prolonged postoperative thromboembolic prophylaxis should be considered in elderly patients undergoing lymphocyst following pelvic surgery...

..Mg2+ supplementation does not exert antihypertensive effects in the WKY rats. In conclusion, Mg2+ supplementation may provide beneficial effect in the developmental phase of hypertension but not in established hypertension...

..The patient underwent left salpingo-oophorectomy. Histology revealed a serous cystadenoma of the ovary. Systemic hemodynamics were sequentially measured during the perioperative period. The patient is now well...

..Bikunin, a Kunitz-type protease inhibitor, specifically inhibits tumor invasion and metastasis...

..Our paper suggests that chemoembolization with cisplatin may be effective in treatment of patients with multiple liver metastases of ovarian carcinoid tumor...

..To review the contemporary literature on potential factors and their signaling pathways that support prolonged survival of endometriotic cells...

..The aim of this paper is to summarize recent advances in VEGF-mediated signaling and the target molecules, and provide new insights into treatment strategies for preeclampsia...

..Measurement of ARID1A expression may be a method to predict resistance to platinum-based chemotherapy in patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma...

..These results suggest that the reduced MCP-1 concentration in normal pregnancy may be a pathway to inhibit the induction of pathological features from physiological insulin resistance and homeostatic inflammation...

..The purpose of this study was to describe the clinicopathologic features of malignant transformation in patients with ovarian endometrioma, their treatment and outcome in the Kinki region, Japan...

..Conclusion: Anticytokine therapy is ready for the clinic...

..Therefore, in vitro, LP might serve, in part, to enhance the COC expansion possibly by stabilizing HA-I alpha I (or heavy chains) complex on the surrounding cumulus cell matrices...

..Taken together, these studies establish a signal transduction cascade or cross-talk emanating from CD44 to c-Met...

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..Left oophorectomy was performed, and pathologic examination disclosed massive ovarian edema. Our report is the first case of massive ovarian edema with pregnancy after ovulation induction using clomiphene citrate...

..To identify factors leading to fatality of patients with amniotic fluid embolism (AFE)...

..We studied the potential use of sentinel lymph node identification using a near-infrared fluorescence imaging technique in the treatment of cervical cancer...

..The aim of this study was to clarify the functional role of Notch3 in human cervical carcinomas...

..However, changes in blood pressure were not affected. Metoclopramide at induction of anesthesia did not prolong duration of action of landiolol attenuating the hemodynamic response to induction of anesthesia and tracheal intubation...

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..Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the primary mediator of gram-negative sepsis; it induces the production of macrophage-derived cytokines. It has been shown that bikunin, a Kunitz-type protease inhibitor, inhibits LPS-induced cytokine expression...

..Further studies need to be performed to clarify the role of specific antiviral therapy or anti-inflammatory agents in treating this complication of herpes zoster...

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..These data also reflect the complex biological effect of uPA-PAI-1 system...

..The origin of this tumor and its differential diagnosis (malignant mesothelioma, hepatoid adenocarcinoma, and hepatoid yolk sac tumor) are discussed...

..Taken together, these data suggest that decreased syndecan-1 expression may be associated with enhanced cell invasion possibly through the uPA-independent mechanism...

..Bikunin might be a candidate for the treatment of inflammation, including septic shock...

..CONCLUSION: The current study showed for the first time that Thal treatment attenuated the expression of IL-8 by reducing TNF-alpha-induced NF-kappaB activation...

..The high bikunin expression in ovarian cancer tissue would enable the use of soluble bikunin protein present in the circulation of ovarian cancer patients as a biomarker of disease...

..This is the first case report of SSc with PMA...

..03-0.72). In the allelic base analysis, there was also a significant decrease in the OR of the deletion allele. Our data suggest that deficient CYP2A6 activity due to genetic polymorphism reduces oral cancer risk in betel quid chewers...

..CONCLUSION: Serum levels of sCD26 may be involved in the pathophysiology of SLE, and appear to be useful as a new disease activity measure for SLE...

..These results indicate that FBRA inhibits MNNG-induced development of gastric tumors by administration during the post-initiation phase in rats. FBRA is regarded as a promising dietary agent for the prevention of human gastric cancer...

..05). These observations demonstrated for the first time that FBRA inhibits colon tumor development in rats, and suggest that it is a promising dietary supplement for prevention of human colon cancer...

..The ciliary epithelium converts LTD4 to LTE4 and shows beta-lactamase activity. Conversion of LTD4 is catalyzed by at least two enzymes, and a major part of the conversion is induced by MDP...

..Actually, when alpha-fetoprotein was analyzed by the magnetic bead-assisted ELISA thus constructed, the S/N ratio was about 20-fold higher for the mixed coating with PEG (6 kDa):PEG (2.5 kDa)=9:1, compared to the conventional BSA...

..To compare the intraocular pressure-lowering effect and safety of viscocanalostomy and trabeculectomy with mitomycin C...

..However, little is known concerning how molecular-level dynamics affect properties at the cellular level...

..5+/-0.6 vs. 0.2+/-0.4 and 0.1+/-0.3, respectively). These data prove that FBRA has an inhibitory effect on the hepatocarcinogenesis in rats. FBRA could be a promising chemopreventive agent for human liver as well as colorectal neoplasia...

..In cases with unusual histologic findings, molecular detection of the EWSR1-ATF1/CREB1 fusion genes provides critical information regarding the diagnosis of the tumor...