Michio Fukuda

..Shortening DT correlated directly with the increase in daytime urinary sodium excretion (Study 2). DT can be used as a preliminary indicator of sodium retention...

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..Large-scale studies are needed to explore whether these interventions can decrease the risks...

..The prolonged duration until BP dip during sleep seems an essential component of the nondipper pattern of the circadian BP rhythm...

..07). These findings indicate that the suppression of tubular sodium reabsorption, showing a resemblance to the action of diuretics, is the primary mechanism by which ARB can shift the circadian BP rhythm into a dipper pattern...

..In this study, we investigated whether an angiotensin II receptor blocker, olmesartan, could restore night-time blood pressure fall...

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..Tenascin-C (TN), a component of extracellular matrix, is known to be overexpressed in various conditions...

..However, the circadian rhythm of urinary potassium excretion has not been studied in relation to renal dysfunction...

..In the present study, we tested whether the effects of monotherapy with an angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) to lower proteinuria could be restricted by reduced GFR...

..In the present study, we investigated whether nocturnal polyuria in CKD was due to the inability to concentrate urine, as previously proposed, or based on osmotic diuresis mainly by natriuresis...

..We investigated whether or not morning hypertension (BP 2 h after awakening >135/85 mmHg) in chronic kidney disease (CKD) was sustained type with a prolonged DT...

..In the present study, we investigated the relationship between glomerular filtration rate and circadian rhythms of these parameters in patients with glomerulopathy...

..03-1.06) for the intermediate four regions and 1.25 (95% CI, 1.23-1.27) for the four regions with highest salt intake. These findings suggest that salt intake may have an adverse effect on stroke mortality independently of BP...

..It was recently demonstrated that the incidence of ESRD due to diabetic nephropathy is declining in both Europe and USA. Therefore, we investigated the increasing ESRD rate and its geographic difference in Japan...

..Other possibilities such as the prevalence of underlying diseases, and acceptance or rejection rates into treatment programmes must be considered further for better explanations...

..We examined regional differences in the amounts of dietary nutrient intake, especially protein in our search for an explanation...

..Non-dipping of BP seems the consequence of the loss of renal function, rather than the cause...

..Salt sensitivity and circadian rhythm of BP are the keys to understanding the connections between cardiovascular and renal complications...

..Low-dose diuretics will continue to be an important agent in the treatment of hypertension, mostly in combination with vasodilators such as modulators of the reninangiotensin system and calcium channel blockers...

..Therefore, as renal function deteriorates, longer duration may be required before BP begins to dip during night. Non-dipping may be one mechanism causing cardiovascular events in chronic kidney disease...

..Nocturnal blood pressure is elevated, and evening endothelial function deteriorates in parallel with a decline in renal function in hypertensive patients...

..Here, we examined regional differences in the amounts of expenses spent on antihypertensives, especially angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, in our search for an explanation...

..On the assumption that there was ventilation in deep layers and with driving forces of wind and temperatures, these phenomena were successfully explained. This finding would contribute to a numerical model for (222)Rn transport in soil...

..We consider that the presence of weak anti-donor antibody leading early onset of acute humoral rejection played a role in the pathogenesis of early onset of chronic transplant glomerulopathy...