H Fujisawa

..Later, NRP was shown to bind semaphorins and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). It was also shown that NRP makes receptor complexes with Plex to propagate semaphorin signals...

..The vascular defects induced by neuropilin-1 deficiency in mouse embryos suggest that neuropilin-1 plays roles in embryonic vessel formation, as well as nerve fiber guidance...

..In addition, characterization of the neuropilin protein has yielded new insights into the functions of this molecule in vascular formation and in axon guidance...

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..In addition, we demonstrated that the cell adhesion ligands for neuropilin-1 were proteins and distributed in embryonic mesenchymal cells but distinct from the class 3 semaphorins, VEGF, or plexins...

..Northern blot analysis indicated that mouse plexin 1 was predominantly expressed in the brain...

..Our results indicate that neuropilin-semaphorin III/D-mediated chemorepulsive signals play a major role in guidance of PNS efferents...

..These results reveal a new type of neuronal migration in the telencephalon and introduce an unexpected dramatic feature of the earliest regionalization of the telencephalon...

..These findings suggest that neuropilin serves in a variety of neuronal cell interactions by binding to a variety of molecules, and that it plays essential roles in nerve fiber fasciculation and guidance...

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..Ablation of lot cells prevented LOT formation in organotypic culture. These results suggest that lot cells are "guidepost cells" for mitral cell axons...

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..However, electrical activity of eat-20 mutants appears normal by electropharyngeogram...

..These results suggest that plexin-A4 plays a role in the propagation of Sema3A activities...

..EFN-4 and PLX-2 are coexpressed in the late embryonic epidermis where they play redundant roles in MAB-20-dependent cell sorting...

..The pleiotropic nature of the defects indicates that ven and mua/mup genes are required generally for the maintenance of attachment of tissues to the body wall in C. elegans...

..Based on these results, we propose that the balance between mossy fiber repulsion by Sema6A and Sema6B and attraction by PlxnA2 and unknown molecule(s) prescribes the areas permissive for mossy fibers to innervate...

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..Also, Northern blot analysis showed molecular heterogeneity in mouse plexin 2 mRNAs. These findings indicate that in the mouse, plexins comprise a molecular family (the plexin family)...

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..Analyses using cell fate-specific markers showed that the arrangement defects of VPCs also affect cell fate specification and cell lineages, but in a relatively small fraction of plx-1 mutants...

..Thus, our results reveal a physiological significance for translation of mRNAs for cytoskeletal regulators, linking environmental cues to cytoskeletal rearrangement during cellular morphogenesis in vivo...

..Finally, the analysis of mouse chimeras suggests that this function of Sema6A is primarily non-cell-autonomous...

..Furthermore, the neurons overexpressing FKBP133 became significantly resistant to Semaphorin-3A induced collapse response. These results suggest that FKBP133 modulates growth cone behavior with the WH1 domain...

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..This suggests that semaphorin-plexin signaling modulates cell migration by controlling centrosome positioning...

..We therefore conclude that the coordination of repulsive cues provided by Sema6A/Sema6B through Plexin-A2 paired with the attractive cue by Sema3C through Plexin-D1 is required for the precise navigation of migrating cardiac NCCs...

..Possibly, the loss of semaphorins facilitates binding of the competing ligands (VEGF/PLGF), thus inducing angiogenesis. In addition, the observed expression patterns further suggest a neurotrophic/neuroprotective role of VEGF/PLGF...

..These observations demonstrate, for the first time, that VEGF contributes to neuronal patterning in vivo, and that different compartments of one cell can be co-ordinately patterned by structurally distinct ligands for a shared receptor...

..Our results imply that plexin-A4 mediates multiple semaphorin signals and regulates axon guidance in vivo...

..Their abnormal vascular phenotype resembled those of VEGF and VEGFR-2 knockouts. These results suggest that NRPs are early genes in embryonic vessel development and that both NP1 and NP2 are required...

..We conclude that differential VEGF-A isoform localization in the extracellular space provides a control point for regulating vascular branching pattern...

..In NP-1-/- embryos, vascular sprouting is impaired at the central nervous system (CNS) and pericardium where VEGF is not abundant, indicating that NP-1-expressing cells are required for normal vascular development...

..Thus, the differential association of Plexin-A1 with additional receptor components entitles Sema6D to exert distinct biological activities at adjacent regions. This is crucial for complex cardiac morphogenesis...

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..Thus, notochord-derived multiple axon repulsions act in a spatiotemporal-specific manner to shape the initial trajectories of DRG axons...

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..These observations suggest that Nrp-1 plays an important role in allowing the endothelial tip cell filopodia to switch substrate and protrude in a new direction at a specific location in the developing brain...

..Thus, differential chemorepulsive signals help shape the initial trajectories of DRG axons and are critical for the proper wiring of the nervous system...

..Moreover, our results suggest that the odontogenic epithelium possesses the instructive information to control the formation of tooth nerve supply...