Y Sato

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..These results suggest that treatment of decreased bone mass in stroke patients has to be individualized according to vitamin D status and calcium homeostasis...

..The present study was undertaken to address the reduced risk of falls and hip fractures in patients with long-standing stroke by vitamin D supplementation...

..These abnormalities may be corrected by the suppression of bone resorption with bisphoshonate, and supplementations of calcium and vitamin D should be avoided in these patients...

..2%) survivors. We conclude that myocardial involvement is common in patients with NMS even when they have no symptoms suggestive of myocardial injury, and MLCI and CK-MB as well as ECG are useful indicators of mortality...

..To determine the association between plasma homocysteine concentration and the risk of hip fracture in Parkinson's disease patients receiving levodopa, we prospectively studied a cohort of elderly women with Parkinson's disease...

..BMD increased by 3.1% in the alendronate group and decreased by 2.8% in the placebo group (P < 0.01). Treatment with alendronate and vitamin D2 increases BMD in elderly women with PD and leads to the prevention of hip fractures...

..11). The number of fractures per 1000 patient-years was 14 and 92 for the etidronate and placebo groups, respectively. Treatment with etidronate prevents further loss of BMD in patients with ALS and leads to the prevention of fractures...

..Hypovitaminosis D and increased bone resorption may be corrected readily by the routine use of vitamin D supplements together with bisphosphonate...

..Bone mineral density (BMD) is decreased in patients with PD, correlating with the immobilization-induced bone resorption and hypovitaminosis D with compensatory hyperparathyroidism...

..The role of thiamine in mitochondrial dysfunction caused by an electron transfer disorder in the setting of A3243G mtDNA mutation is discussed...

..We address the possibility that treatment with risedronate sodium and ergocalciferol plus calcium supplementation may reduce the incidence of nonvertebral fractures in elderly women with AD...

..Elderly female AD patients with low BMD and serum 25-OHD concentrations <5 ng/ml with secondary hyperparathyroidism have a high risk of hip fracture, and the risk may be reduced by vitamin D supplementation...

..0003; odds ratio = 7.5). Treatment with MK-4 and vitamin D2 with calcium supplements increases the BMD in elderly female patients with AD and leads to the prevention of nonvertebral fractures...

..Hyperhomocysteinemia is a risk factor for both ischemic stroke and osteoporotic fractures in elderly men and women. Treatment with folate and mecobalamin (vitamin B12) may improve hyperhomocysteinemia...

..There is a high incidence of hip fractures in patients with hemiplegic stroke. Bone mineral density (BMD) is decreased in the hemiplegic side in patients after stroke, correlating with the degree of paralysis and of hypovitaminosis D...

..The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of risedronate sodium, an inhibitor of bone resorption, on osteoporosis and the risk of hip fractures in men 65 years or older after stroke...

..To analyze the relation between vitamin K status and bone mineral density (BMD) in women with Alzheimer's disease (AD)...

..89 in the lowest to 27.87 in the highest quartiles of homocysteine levels. We conclude that hyperhomocysteinemia is one of the risk factors for hip fractures in stroke patients...

..Further study is needed to determine whether these abnormalities predispose to the development of NMS...

..There were no side effects. Oral mecobalamin treatment is a safe and potentially beneficial therapy for CTS in stroke patients...

..Serum 25-OHD level increased by 2.2-fold in the sunlight-exposed group. Eleven patients sustained fractures in the sunlight-deprived group, and three fractures occurred among the sunlight-exposed group (p = 0.0362; odds ratio = 3.7)...

..Hypovitaminosis D is common in acute stroke patients. Immobilization from acute hemiplegia can increase bone resorption and serum calcium, and inhibit PTH secretion and 1,25-(OH)(2)D production to add to the effects of hypovitaminosis D...

..Percent change of BMD from baseline was lower in treated patients than in untreated patients (p < 0.01). Long-term treatment with warfarin in stroke patients seems not to be associated with an increased risk of hip fracture...

..001). Two patients sustained hip fractures in the placebo group, and no hip fracture occurred in the etidronate group. Treatment with etidronate increases BMD in chronically hospitalized patients poststroke, and may prevent hip fracture...

..Both type I and type II AL also must be differentiated from lymphoma cells...

..However, type-I AL, which are likely to be virally transformed lymphocytes, must be distinguished from ATL cells, which frequently involve the meninges...

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..This and the hypovitaminosis D appear to be the dominant causes of immobilization-induced osteopenia in elderly, long-standing hemiplegic stroke patients...

..We evaluated vitamin K and bone mineral density in nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation patients who had long-term warfarin therapy after an ischemic stroke...

..03; odds ratio=2.4). Sunlight exposure can increase the BMD of vitamin D deficient bone by increasing 25-OHD concentration and leads to the prevention of hip fracture...

..The study medications were well tolerated with relatively few adverse events and effective in reducing the risk of a fracture in elderly patients with AD...

..9%). Ferritin was detected immunocytochemically in tumor cell cytoplasm in a resected glioblastoma. Thus, ferritin in CSF appears to be produced by glioblastoma cells, with a biologic significance requiring further investigation...

..Low BMD increases risk of hip fractures in patients with AD, but may be improved by vitamin D supplementation...

..The authors previously demonstrated the lowered incidence of hip fractures in PD by daily administration of risedronate and vitamin D...

..Treatment with 1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 (1alpha(OH)D3; an active form of vitamin D) was evaluated for maintaining bone mass and reducing the incidence of hip and other nonvertebral fractures in patients with Parkinson's disease...

..Because repetitive hand and wrist movement is a common cause of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), we examined the nonparetic upper limb in stroke patients for evidence of CTS...

..Immobilization-related increased serum calcium levels may inhibit PTH secretion, and thus 1,25-(OH)2D production. In addition, 25-(OH)D insufficiency also may contribute to decreased concentration of 1,25-(OH)2D...

..The development of meningitis in KD was observed in four (9.8%) of 41 KD patients we have treated, suggesting that the meningitis was related to KD and not merely coincidental...

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..1% in the alphacalcidol group (P<.0001). Alendronate therapy increased serum 1, 25-[OH]2D levels by improving immobilization-induced hypercalcemia, which may lead to decreased falling and subsequent hip fractures...

..To assess the influence of immobilization upon vitamin D status and bone mass in chronically hospitalized, disabled, elderly patients following stroke...

..Elderly PD patients with low BMI, low BMD, and serum 25-OHD concentrations < or =5 ng/ml with secondary hyperparathyroidism have increased risk of hip fracture, as do female PD patients with long postmenopausal intervals...

..Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is vasoactive, and the endothelium is one of the target tissues of this hormone. Hyperparathyroidism is frequently associated with hypertension...

..We evaluated the efficacy of 1 alpha-hydroxyvitamin D3 [1 alpha (OH)D3] and supplemental elemental calcium in maintaining bone mass and decreasing the incidence of hip fractures after hemiplegic stroke...

..Little is known about bone changes in hemiplegic stroke patients. We evaluated the vitamin D status and bone changes on the hemiplegic and intact sides of stroke patients...

..To determine the effects of vitamin D status on hip fracture risk, we prospectively studied a cohort of patients with hemiplegia after stroke who were aged at least 65 years...

..05, r = 0.749). These data underscore the importance of hypovitaminosis D and compensatory hyperparathyroidism in the development of osteopenia in patients with ALS...

..Beta2-microglobulin is a useful indicator of bone resorption in patients with immobilized stroke...

..These changes could explain in part the high risk of another hip fracture...

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..To evaluate the usefulness of diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) for the early diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD)...

..Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) is a dangerous complication in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD)...

..To assess the influence of vitamin K on bone mineral density (BMD) in vitamin-D-deficient women with Parkinson's disease (PD)...

..1). CONCLUSION: Sunlight exposure can increase the BMD of vitamin D-deficient bone by increasing 25-OHD concentration...

..The present study addressed what kind of mental processes would be presented by the event-related desynchronization (ERD) relevant to the stimuli of an auditory oddball count task...

..Further research is needed to develop treatments and rehabilitation protocols that might improve gait and body function by attenuating type II fiber atrophy...

..Vitamin B(12) synergizes with folic acid in reducing plasma homocysteine in Japanese patients with ischemic stroke and the combined therapy may be particularly effective in the secondary prevention...

..CONCLUSIONS: Etidronate therapy inhibits bone resorption and improves calcium balance, and such therapy may prevent bone loss and reduce the risk of subsequent hip fracture...

..Patients with higher negative immunostaining for Mb fibers had poor functional recovery of hemiplegia 12 mos after stroke onset. This implies that these muscular alterations may hamper functional recovery...

..These results may provide a scientific basis for the development of EGFR-based immunotherapy for HLA-A2(+) cancer patients...

..High ICTP correlated positively with ionized calcium, implying that increased bone resorption caused the latter. CONCLUSION: Long-term VPA monotherapy can increase bone resorption, leading to decreased BMD...

..It was concluded that negative immunostaining for Mb in muscle fibers represents a common and characteristic complication in acute stroke patients...

..Another had pelvic recurrence with abdominal dissemination. She underwent abdominoperineal resection and is alive with pelvic re-recurrence. ISR and ESR are excellent procedures for anus preservation, but ISR needs a strict indication...

..We believe that our patient's multiple infarcts are caused by antiphospholipid antibodies and recommend glucocorticoid therapy to prevent recurrent of ischemic stroke in similar case...

..The TARGET system may represent a more practical and general feature compared with the IRIS study...

..To clarify the phenotype-genotype relation associated with the A3243G mitochondrial DNA mutation...

..Muscle volume in both hemiplegic and nonhemiplegic sides correlated positively with Barthel index and negatively with patient age. CONCLUSION: Muscle volume decreases in the hemiplegic side in stroke patients...

..Nocardia is known to make a primary lesion in the lung after being inhaled and then through hematogenous dissemination to make distant lesions in various sites, especially in the brain.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)..

..MRI demonstrated remarkable high-intensity areas with swelling in the cerebral cortex except for the medial occipital and cerebellar cortices. These characteristic MRI findings are an important clue for an accurate premortem diagnosis...

..These results may provide a scientific basis for the development of a new approach to cancer immunotherapy, e.g.) cytotoxic T lymphocytes-precursor-oriented peptide vaccine...

..Transanal rectal resection with internal and external sphincterectomy showed usefulness in preserving bowel function and avoiding permanent colostomy...

..Their parents exhibited approximately 50% normal levels of CAII activity and protein. This is the first report of patients with CAII deficiency in the Japanese population...

..Although these findings may be limited to particular types of thymoma, thymectomy may interrupt the recruitment of mature DCs in thymus and export of activated T cells to extra-thymic tissues, thereby improving the disease...

..CONCLUSIONS: Explanation of words and a note stressing the importance of the introduction part should be added to the system for Japanese clinicians...

..Because of limited study power, the relative risk reduction may only be around 0.5...

..The effects of ALF on cancellous bone mass, bone formation, and bone resorption were all dose-dependent. The present study showed the beneficial effects of ALF on cancellous and cortical bone mass in GC-treated rats...

..Thus, available evidence supports an effect of menatetrenone on bone quality during osteoporosis treatment...

..Thus, the present study clearly showed that RIS and ALF had differential effects on the cortical and cancellous bone mass and mechanical properties in ovariectomized rats...

..Moreover, even though the dosing frequency of the drugs was reduced after OVX, treatment continuation appeared to be more beneficial than pretreatment for increasing the cancellous bone mass...

..Despite the lack of a significant effect of vitamin K(2) on bone mass parameters, it had an additive effect with risedronate on the BMC, BMD and cortical bone mass of long bones in HX rats...

..The present study showed the efficacy of vitamin K(2) and risedronate for bone formation and resorption, the osteocyte lacunar system, and porosity in the cortical bone of GC-treated rats...

..The present study showed the beneficial effects of combined administration of ALN and ALF on the cancellous bone mass of the tibia in orchidectomized rats...

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..To compare the effects of alendronate and raloxifene on lumbar bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover, and lipid metabolism in elderly women with osteoporosis...

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..This study showed the differential effects of Ris and Cal on cancellous osteopenia in rats treated with high-dose GC...

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..The aim of this study was to determine whether whole-body vibration exercise would enhance the effect of alendronate on lumbar BMD and bone turnover, and reduce chronic back pain in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis...

..Among the remaining 30% poor responders, about 60% showed satisfactory reduction of the urinary NTX level, exceeding the MSC, at 6 months after the start of treatment with alendronate...

..The importance of mechanical loading, with or without testosterone deficiency, is emphasized in cortical and cancellous bone growth...

..Further studies with long-term exercise may be needed to obtain a positive effect on the lumbar BMC...

..Treadmill exercise may have a positive effect on the skeleton in young, and adult, ovariectomized, and osteopenic female rats...

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..No randomized well-controlled prospective studies conducted on a sufficiently large number of patients have been reported yet, therefore, further studies are needed to confirm the efficacy of vitamin K2 in the treatment of osteoporosis...

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..Further RCTs of fracture prevention conducted on a large number of patients and their meta-analysis are needed to confirm the efficacy of bisphosphonates, PTH, or other agents in preventing vertebral and nonvertebral fractures...