E Mori

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..e., memory of events arousing strong emotions. The aim of this study was to elucidate the relationship between medial temporal damage and impaired memory of real-life emotional events in patients with Alzheimer's disease...

..In dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), vision-related cognitive and behavioral symptoms are common, and involvement of the occipital visual cortices has been demonstrated in functional neuroimaging studies...

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..Also mentioned is an ongoing clinical trial of extracranial-intracranial artery bypass surgery for hemispheric hemodynamic misery perfusion where single-photon emission tomography is used as a surrogate measure...

..However, the region most responsible for dyscalculia in Alzheimer's disease has not been determined. The relation between calculation ability and regional cerebral glucose metabolism in Alzheimer's disease was therefore examined...

..These features of regional glucose metabolic abnormality in CBD may correspond to neurological and cognitive disturbances peculiar to CBD...

..Our results suggested that the left inferior temporal lobe contributes to verbal semantic memory...

..The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the APOE epsilon 4 allele and whole brain atrophy...

..The aim of this study was to clarify factors associated with the presence of psychosis in patients with Alzheimer's disease...

..Patients with DLB have a unique dementia syndrome even in the stage of mild to moderate cognitive impairments. Further studies are recommended to establish diagnosis, treatment and management...

..The neurobiological bases of occipital hypometabolism in DLB may be pathological processes in the brainstem or basal forebrain structures other than the nigrostriatal system...

..These results offer further evidence suggesting that the lexico-semantic processing system is mediated in these regions...

..The different patterns of language deficits between early- and late-onset patients may correspond to the genetic heterogeneity of AD...

..These different regional emphases of glucose hypometabolism are consistent with the pathological and neurochemical differences between DLB and AD and explain the different clinical features of the two diseases...

..The findings do not support the hypothesis that neuropsychiatric manifestations of AD are different in patients with the APOE E4 allele...

..A prominent temporal gradient in remote memory impairment was documented in the patients with AD. The total FLT score and duration of remote memory impairment correlated with recent memory and general cognitive dysfunctions...

..We studied the association between the apoE epsilon4 allele and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) before and after control for (1) potential vascular risk factors and (2) the presence of lacunar infarcts in patients with dementia...

..The findings clearly demonstrate that AD, DLB, and FTD have distinctive neuropsychiatric features, which may correspond to different patterns of cerebral involvement characteristic of these three major degenerative dementias...

..In an earlier study we showed that a powerful emotional experience (the Kobe earthquake) reinforced memory retention in patients with Alzheimer's disease, but we could not control factors other than the emotional impact of the earthquake...

..The present study showed that visuospatial disturbance was related to bilateral parietal metabolism, and that visuoperceptual disturbance was related to right temporo-parietal metabolism in patients with mild-to-moderate AD...

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..Although the APOE epsilon 4 allele increases the risk of developing AD, the effects of the epsilon 4 allele on brain atrophy in clinical AD patients are controversial...

..This study compared Tc-99m ethyl cysteinate dimer (ECD) SPECT images with 2-[F-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG) PET images in the same patients with Alzheimer's disease and determined whether ECD SPECT is as useful as FDG PET clinically...

..An appropriate clinical discrimination between DLB and AD is recommended to manage and prevent fall-related injuries...

..The purpose of this study is to determine whether Alzheimer's disease is associated with presenilin-1 gene polymorphism and the apolipoprotein E genotype in an extended case-control study...

..One possible reason for this controversy is that previous studies did not consider the effect of patient age at symptom onset...

..We studied the association between the volume of white matter hyperintensities (WMHs) on T2-weighted images and cognitive, neurological, and neuropsychiatric symptoms...

..946 and 0.584, respectively). These results indicate that a Z map obtained in this way is superior to conventional PET for diagnosing AD...

..To determine the characteristics of cortical atrophy in corticobasal degeneration and Alzheimer disease by using a hemispheric surface display generated with magnetic resonance (MR) images...

..These processes include proper alignment of digits, which may have caused the right parietal activation, and maintaining digits needed for the mental serial subtractions, which may have caused the bilateral prefrontal activation...

..DWI was sensitive and useful for evaluating the early stage of TGA and might help to explain the pathophysiology of TGA...

..In the Japanese population studied here, there was no association between BChE-K and Alzheimer's disease, nor an interaction between BChE-K and APOE epsilon4 allele...

..A disruption of the fronto-subcortical circuits at the level of the striatum or the anterior thalamic peduncle is attributable to the FTD-like behavioral and cognitive syndrome...

..Although our in-hospital stroke management is functioning relatively well, further efforts are necessary in reducing the diagnostic delay...

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..The aim of this study was to investigate regional differences between morphologic and functional changes in patients with mild dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) compared with those with Alzheimer's disease (AD)...

..7% of NC, thus demonstrating the usefulness of the RBMT for diagnosing MCI patients. Prospective memory tasks were not useful for detecting the patients with MCI...

..The purpose of the present study was to determine whether donepezil has a neuroprotective effect in Alzheimer's disease by using the rate of hippocampal atrophy as a surrogate marker of disease progression...

..The aim of this study was to investigate regional differences between morphologic and functional changes in the same patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) using statistical parametric mapping (SPM) and voxel-based morphometry (VBM)...

..CONCLUSION: These results indicate that LS is superior to ES in detecting hypometabolic regions in patients with AD. For patients with AD, emission scanning soon after the administration of FDG is probably not advised...

..The purpose of this study was to determine whether Alzheimer's disease is associated with the presenilin-2 gene polymorphism and the apolipoprotein E genotype in an extended case-control study...

..The purpose of this study was to design a fully automatic computer-assisted diagnostic system for early- and late-onset mild Alzheimer's disease (AD)...

..Combination of the two techniques will yield a higher diagnostic accuracy in very mild AD by making full use of functional and morphological images...

..To evaluate the beneficial effect of the group reminiscence approach (GRA) in patients with vascular dementia on the aspect of cognitive and observed behavioral parameters...

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..Among the clinical data suggesting a possible neuroprotective effect of ChEIs, the most rigorous published evidence comes from magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) hippocampal volumetric studies with donepezil...

..To evaluate a fully automatic computer-assisted diagnostic system for mild dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), permitting distinction from mild Alzheimer's disease (AD)...

..These results suggest that the CDR 0 participants maintained intact learning abilities of encoding and retrieval, while the CDR 0.5 participants did not do so; but further studies will be needed to clarify these findings...

..Findings revealed that APOE epsilon4 allele is related to an accelerated memory decline in AD...

..The neuropsychological data showed CDR 0.5 to be similar to very mild Alzheimer's disease. It would be better if subjective complaints were excluded from the criteria of the borderline condition...

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..Glucose metabolism in these regions may be a useful measure of the progression of AD and a valid surrogate outcome measure of clinical drug trials...

..There was a correlation between cognitive impairment and confabulations in semantic memory. These findings suggest that different mechanisms are involved in confabulations between semantic and episodic memories...

..CONCLUSION: The effects of time of AD onset were delineated as a double dissociation, that is, EO AD patients have a more severe reduction of glucose metabolism. Our finding suggests the existence of biological subtypes of AD...

..Our results provide clear evidence of functionally dissociable roles of the prefrontal subregions and amygdala for human deception...

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..Furthermore, she would not necessarily use the semantics (word meanings) of kanji words during dictation...

..Our findings suggest that measurement of glucose metabolism by PET and a voxel-based analysis is useful to understand the pathophysiology of these two diseases with cognitive impairments...

..This result supports the hypotheses that personal semantic memory has features of both episodic and semantic memory, and that semantic memory is transformed from episodic memory...

..In addition to recurrent embolism, we would like to point out that the reperfusion injury, secondary delayed neuronal death, and other factors may be involved in the second exacerbation evolving to the completed stroke...

..We speculate that this specific type of misidentification can be elicited by failure to update semantic memory through the encoding of new episodic memory due to right-hemisphere-dominant fronto-temporal dysfunction...

..The Middle Cerebral Artery Embolism Local Fibrinolytic Intervention Trial (MELT) Japan was organized to determine the safety and clinical efficacy of intraarterial infusion of urokinase (UK) in patients with stroke within 6 hours of onset...

..Irrespective of age, education, intracranial volume, cognitive function, delayed recall, and neuroticism, left hippocampal volume showed a significant negative correlation with enhanced emotional memory...

..This combination of behavioral problems is likely to be caused by damage to the orbitofrontal cortices and anterior temporal lobes or to circuits involving them...

..To investigate regional morphologic changes in idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (INPH) based on diagnosis with INPH Guidelines using voxel-based morphometry...

..6 mg/kg, which is lower than the internationally approved dosage of 0.9 mg/kg, aiming to assess the efficacy and safety of alteplase in acute ischemic stroke for the Japanese...

..CONCLUSIONS: The RBMT is a useful tool in evaluating everyday memory function in patients with mild AD. This test also accurately differentiates AD patients from healthy individuals...

..Asymmetry of hemispheric volume was significantly larger in the CBD group than in the PSP group. CONCLUSION: Hemispheric surface display and volumetry are generally helpful and especially useful for the differentiation of PSP and CBD...

..Z score images obtained with VBM had a great diagnostic performance for mild AD and can be applied for detecting mild AD in clinical examinations...

..In conclusion, it was suggested that disordered visual search after a homonymous field defect can be treated effectively, even if multiple visual dysfunctions were associated...

..Both intra- and inter-rater reliability (intraclass correlation coefficients) yielded 0.99 for the hippocampus and 0.98 for the amygdala. It was confirmed that this segmentation protocol was highly reliable...

..It seems that Papez's circuite participated in the development of these symptoms...

..For CDR 0.5, amygdala atrophy was the only finding indicating CDR effect but no age effect. The amygdala or anterior entorhinal atrophy is important for discriminating very mild dementia from normal elderly...

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..Thus, existing treatments for memory impairment and delusions may be beneficial for increasing the awareness of mild AD patients of their cognitive impairment...

..To evaluate the current status of care and cost of acute ischemic stroke in Japan, we performed a hospital-based analysis at a tertiary emergency hospital with a 24-hour neurology-neurosurgery team and care unit...

..The caregiver education which decrease the caregiver burden and prompt the usage of the social care services are necessary to protect premature institutionalization...

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..The use of programmable valves at shunt surgeries is recommended. Flowcharts for diagnosis, preoperative assessment, and prevention for complications of shunt surgery are made to promote a wide use of them...