Takeshi Inoue

..Subchronic lithium further increases SSRI-induced increases in extracellular serotonin concentrations, and this effect is suggested to be the mechanism of action for lithium augmentation of antidepressants...

..These preliminary data suggest that the switching strategy from paroxetine or fluvoxamine to sertraline might be effective and well-tolerated in patients with non-remitted or treatment-intolerant major depressive disorder...

..This study assesses the accuracy of PHQ-9 in screening for major depressive episode and in diagnosing major depressive episode in patients of a psychiatric specialty clinic...

..To examine the effectiveness and safety of adjunctive pramipexole in the treatment of stage 2 treatment-resistant major depressive disorder...

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..The low-prevalence rate of MDD in our patient population suggests that PD may be a psychological stressor for MDD, but does not necessarily induce MDD...

..These results suggest that combined dopamine D2-like receptor antagonism and dopamine D1-like receptor antagonism is a promising and effective strategy to increase antipsychotic effects...

..Furthermore, these behavioral data provide a new explanation of neurochemical adaptations to contextual conditioned fear: increased 5-HT transmission seems to decrease, not increase, fear...

..These results suggest that adding noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors to serotonin reuptake inhibitors adversely affects fear, at least with acute treatment...

..Therefore, the present study investigated the long-term outcome of 26 antidepressant-refractory patients with depression, whom we had studied and treated in 1995...

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..A high level of plasma ghrelin might increase appetite, leading to exacerbation of metabolic impairment...

..This suggests the CYP3A4 isoform is involved in the metabolism of tandospirone, in vivo. Therefore, drugs with CYP3A4 inhibitory property may facilitate the anxiolytic effect of tandospirone when treating human anxiety disorders...

..However, valproate and lamotrigine increased the ratio of astrocytes and decreased that of neurons. Therefore, these four stabilizers exhibited both common and differential effects on ADP proliferation, apoptosis, and differentiation...

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..The purpose of the present study was to clarify the pharmacokinetic interaction between tandospirone and fluvoxamine and to evaluate their combined effect in the rat anxiety model...

..These data suggest that non-selective MAO and selective MAO-A inhibitors can induce 5-HT syndrome in humans when co-administered with SSRI. Further, the risk of 5-HT syndrome may be lower with the selective MAO-B inhibitor, selegiline...

..Thus, combined lithium and reboxetine produces an additive effect neurochemically rather than their interaction...

..In addition, p53 overexpression decreased the expression of Bcl-2. Taken together, these results suggest that p53 and Bcl-2 may be involved in a part of mood-stabilizing effects...

..Thus, lithium might augment the antidepressant effects of serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors by augmenting serotonin release...

..5 mg/kg) in the mPFC. The LTG blocks histological abnormalities induced by repeated administration of METH, which suggests a mechanism of LTG that protects against progressive pathophysiology in schizophrenia...

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..Among these regions the basolateral nucleus of the amygdala is a likely candidate region in which citalopram exerts its anxiolytic effect...

..15 mg/kg) or citalopram (3 mg/kg) alone, it is suggested that blocking 5-HT1A receptors is more effective in facilitating the anxiolytic effect of citalopram than blocking 5-HT1B/1D receptors...

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..Combined results of our previous studies and this study suggest that LTG is useful to treat schizophrenia, especially at a critical point in its progression...

..Furthermore, the risk of 5-HT syndrome may be lower with the selective MAO-B inhibitor selegiline...

..These results suggest that flesinoxan exerts its anxiolytic actions in the fear conditioning through stimulations of the postsynaptic 5-HT(1A) receptors in the hippocampus and amygdala...

..These drugs did not affect the spontaneous motor activity of the rats. Therefore, these results suggest that blocking the α₁-adrenoreceptor decreases the anxiolytic effect of citalopram...

..These results elucidate the pharmacodynamic synergistic effects of tandospirone and SSRIs. Therefore, this augmentation therapy (SSRI+5-HT(1A) receptor agonist) may prove useful for some anxiety disorders...

..Further, this is the first study to demonstrate that CREB phosphorylation in the basal nucleus of the amygdala changes in parallel with the extinction of context-dependent conditioned fear...

..These results suggest that NA might increase the proliferation of early progenitor cells in adult hippocampus via β2-AR directly, but antidepressant drugs and 5-HT do not...

..These results suggest that GSK-3beta and beta-catenin/TCF pathway might be important in the reciprocal effects between DEX and Li on ADP proliferation and are new targets of therapeutic agents for stress-related disorders...

..Possible neural circuits, incorporating the amygdala, MD, and hippocampus, and the functional similarity of the MD and hippocampus in contextual fear conditioning, are also discussed...

..Taken together, recent studies indicate that facilitation of brain serotonin neurotransmission decreases anxiety in agreement with the clinical evidence...

..It is therefore speculated that ITC GABAergic neurons were activated by retrieval of conditioned fear and that transcription factors other than c-Fos were relevant to the activation...

..By prolonging the period between conditioning and exposure to conditioned fear stress, this model may have a more precise predictive validity of anxiety disorder as an animal model...

..Further investigation of detailed mechanisms regulating the ROCK2/GSK-3β/β-catenin pathway might engender the development of new therapeutic targets of psychiatric disorders...

..These findings indicate that SSR504734 attenuates both the acquisition and expression of contextual conditioned fear, and suggest that glycinergic neurotransmission may play an important role in conditioned fear...

..These changes in c-Fos expression suggest an adaptational change in the somatosensory cortex by acute stress...

..We developed the Social Anxiety/Taijin-Kyofu Scale (SATS), a 12-item structured clinician-rated instrument designed to rate the severity of TK symptoms, and examined its reliability and validity...

..However, studies of olanzapine augmentation of other antidepressants are few. We investigated the efficacy and safety of olanzapine augmentation of milnacipran, a serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, for TRD...

..The administration of triiodothyronine (T(3)) to antidepressant nonresponders can be an effective augmentation strategy, although the mechanism is not fully understood...

..Because there were no changes in the [3H]ketanserin binding of the frontal cortex 1 week after footshock, decreases in head shakes were not due to the down-regulation of 5-HT(2A) receptors evoked by footshock...

..5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)(1A) receptors play a pivotal role in the 5-HTergic mechanisms associated with the etiology of stress-related disorders...

..Results suggest that LTG is useful for blocking progressive deterioration of neurocognitive function and recovering the neurocognitive deficit in schizophrenia...

..Results of this case suggest the clinical use of gabapentin for treating bipolar disorder, especially in cases with intractable insomnia, which is a very important point in the symptoms and therapeutics of bipolar disorder...

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..This overview of recent studies of the serotonin transporters attempts to open new areas for discussion and define concepts not yet comprehensively reviewed...

..These results suggest that the attenuation of glutamatergic neural transmission enhances acute effect of PCP, but in contrast, blocks the behavioral sensitization to PCP...

..To elucidate the mechanism of appetite and weight gain during olanzapine treatment, we investigated the circulating ghrelin levels...

..1 mg/kg, but failed to affect the expression of conditioned freezing at any dose. These results suggest the involvement of protein kinase C in synaptic and cellular plasticity underlying emotional learning and memory...

..Restoration from HPA axis abnormalities occurred with clinical responses to treatment, particularly in depressed patients who underwent ECT...

..The purpose of the present open-label, flexible-dose study was to provide preliminary data on the usefulness and safety of quetiapine for patients with delirium...

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..In DjTH-knockdown planarians, muscle-mediated locomotion and behavior were significantly attenuated. These results suggest that DA neurons play a key role in the muscle-mediated movement in planarians...

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..Overall, this study showed that IGF-I treatment resulted in effective prevention of lethal acute liver failure in rats induced by GalN plus LPS, suggesting a therapeutic potential for IGF-I in the prevention of acute liver failure...

..Catheter embolization of P-AVF may be effective in prevention for recurrent stroke. We should not overlooked isolated P-AVF as a right-to-left shunt in embolic stroke patients with unknown etiology...

..No other embolic sources were identified in the carotid artery, aortic arch, or heart. We report herein a case of CRAO caused by paradoxical brain embolism...

..In many cases, it is difficult to diagnose amelanotic melanoma with HE staining alone, and immunohistochemistry must be used...

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..8 nM, BA = 42%)]. 6 demonstrated in vivo efficacy in models of inflammation and lymphoma...

..0001). These data suggest that ABCF2 protein may be a candidate marker for clear cell adenocarcinomas of the ovary and the uterine corpus and may be important for the pathogenesis of these diseases...

..Our approach demonstrates that planarians are a powerful model organism to study the molecular basis of the brain as an information-processing center...

..If MES is detectable at 7 days after stroke onset, embolic source lesions may still be active. We hypothesized that presence of MES at 7 days after stroke onset is strongly associated with stroke recurrence...

..These results suggest that DjTPH is required for 5-HT biosynthesis, and DjTPH antibody is a useful marker for serotonergic neurons in planarians...

..She then developed erythema nodosum, suggesting the presence of autoimmune etiology. Treatment with systemic corticosteroid resulted in symptomatic improvement. Mesenteric lymphadenitis like this case is rare...

..Functional analyses using RNA interference revealed that DjCAM is partly involved in axon formation, and that DjDSCAM plays crucial roles in neuronal cell migration, axon outgrowth, fasciculation and projection...

..Thus, clathrin-mediated endocytic signals may be required for not only maintenance of neurons after synaptic formation, but also axonal extension at the early stage of neural differentiation...

..He responded to the treatment and remained asymptomatic for at least for 6 months. Our results suggest that a trial of cyclosporin A is warranted in patients with SPTCL complicated by HPS...

..This study aimed to clarify the features of localized GGA cancer as a distinct clinicoradiological entity through a survey of lung cancers of all types...

..Furthermore, this marker was useful for unmasking the precise origin of PCs and delineating the domain map within the ventricular zone that generates cerebellar GABAergic neurons...

..This examination is potentially important for advances in neuroeconomics of intertemporal choice, because depression is associated with reduced serotonergic activities in the brain...

..CONCLUSIONS: In-patients undergoing PCI for AMI, admission hyperglycemia, irrespective of the presence or absence of diabetes, is associated with increased in-hospital mortality, whereas diabetes without admission hyperglycemia is not...

..Herein, we report this rare case of intrapelvic retroperitoneal ganglioneuroma, and present a brief review of the relevant literature including the present case...

..They demonstrated in vivo efficacy in models of inflammation and lymphoma. Furthermore, X-ray crystal structure analysis has revealed a novel induced fit to ADA...

..Expression of HOMER2 enhanced the ability of MYO18B to suppress anchorage-independent growth. These results indicate that HOMER2 and MYO18B cooperate together in tumor suppression...