Yoshimoto Sekine

..We therefore hypothesized that variations in the A2A adenosine receptor (ADORA2A) gene modify genetic susceptibility to METH dependence/psychosis...

..The authors measured nucleus accumbens and prefrontal cortex density, in addition to caudate/putamen density, in methamphetamine users and assessed the relation of these measures to the subjects' clinical characteristics...

..It remains unknown whether methamphetamine damages serotonin neurons in humans...

..We suggest a possible role of PCNT2 in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Abnormalities of PCNT2, the centrosomal protein essential for microtubule organization, may be suggested to lead to neurodevelopmental abnormalities...

..Abnormalities of ROBO may lead to autism either by interfering with serotonergic system, or by disrupting neurodevelopment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report relating ROBO with autism...

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..These results indicate that reelin signaling plays a pivotal role in the dopaminergic system in adult mice, especially in postsynaptic levels...

..The authors examined dopamine transporter density in the orbitofrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and amygdala in methamphetamine users and assessed the relationship of these measures to the subjects' clinical characteristics...

..Although its neurobiological underpinnings are postulated to lie in abnormalities of the serotoninergic and dopaminergic systems, the details remain unknown...

..Thus, we suggest a possible role for the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism in MAP psychosis...

..Our findings suggest that peripheral VLDLR mRNA levels may serve as a reliable peripheral biological marker of schizophrenia, and that the reelin-VLDLR/ApoER2 signaling pathway plays a role in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia...

..PCNT2 has recently been identified as an interacting partner of DISC1. In this study, we investigated the role of PCNT2 in bipolar disorder, by gene expression analysis and genetic association study...

..We suggest that BDNF has a possible role in the pathogenesis of autism through its neurotrophic effects on the serotonergic system...

..47, 95% CI = 0.97-2.37, P = 0.097). There was a nearly doubling of the risk for childhood-onset schizophrenia associated with the AA genotype compared to other genotype groups; OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 0.91-4.22, P = 0.058...

..We found no differences among females. The sample size of females with methamphetamine psychosis was too small to have significant analysis...

..No significant SNP or haplotypic associations were observed for TGFbeta1 or HGF. Given the role of EGF in brain and neuronal development, we suggest a possible role of EGF in the pathogenesis of autism...

..In this study, we studied whether serum HGF levels are altered in subjects with high-functioning autism...

..This study aimed to investigate whether a functional polymorphism of the catechol-O-methyl transferase gene would be involved in the development of these psychiatric states...

..This study was undertaken to determine whether serum levels of the adhesion molecules in subjects with high-functioning autism are altered as compared with those of normal controls...

..These findings suggest that long-term toluene use causes membrane disturbance in the basal ganglia, which is associated with residual psychiatric symptoms that persist even after long-term abstinence from toluene use...

..In this study, we examined whether serum levels of EGF are altered in adult subjects with high-functioning autism...

..For specificity, we also investigated selectin levels in patients with major depression...

..014 and 0.016, respectively) and in the allelic (P value 0.004 and 0.047, respectively) frequencies. Our results suggest that Ala/Val polymorphism of the SOD2 gene could be associated with the risk of developing methamphetamine psychosis...

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..021 and 0.014, respectively). The present study provides new and important evidence that variation in the PBR gene influences susceptibility to PD...

..CONCLUSIONS: The present study suggests that an abnormality in glutamatergic neurotransmission may play a role in the pathophysiology of autism...

..We demonstrated acetaldehyde adducts in the frontal cortex and the midbrain of an alcoholics. Our studies showed that an acetaldehyde adduct was produced in the brain of alcoholics...

..Our experience suggests that an augmentation therapy of milnacipran plus risperidone is useful for treating patients with depression who only partially respond to various types of antidepressants and for treatment-refractory depression...

..These findings suggest that protracted use of methamphetamine may cause metabolite alterations in the basal ganglia. Furthermore, residual psychiatric symptoms may be attributable to the metabolite alterations in the basal ganglia...

..e., childhood-onset cases), along with an enduring course of malnutrition...

..In this study, we studied whether serum levels of TGF-beta1 are altered in patients with autism...

..Previous studies have reported the association between advanced paternal age at birth and the risk of autistic-spectrum disorder in offspring, including offspring with intellectual disability...

..SPECT and PET studies suggested that abnormalities of the serotonergic system, in addition to decreased regional cerebral blood flow in the frontal and temporal lobes, are implicated in the pathophysiology of ASD...

..We did not find the relationship between the polymorphism of eight dopamine-related genes and susceptibility to EOS in a Japanese sample...

..Overall, our results indicate that the systemic administration of SSRI alters the activity of midbrain DA neurons with differential effects on VTA compared with SNC DA neurons...

..05). In regard to liver disease or self-consciousness, this was at a trend level (p = 0.08). We have shown that the genotypes of CYP2E1 are associated with clinical features of alcoholics...

..However, we could not exclude the possibility of a weak genetic effect due to the small sample size. Analyses of larger samples and higher-density markers, particularly around SNP9 (IVS4-1912), are still needed...

..5, 1, 2 or 5 mg/kg of tacrolimus compared to vehicle-treated animals. Our results suggest that calcineurin may play a role in the alteration of locomotor activity produced by dopamine D(2)/D(3) receptors, but not dopamine D(1) receptors...

..000039, odds ratio: 2.04). The present findings indicate that genetic variation of the GLYT1 gene may contribute to individual vulnerability to methamphetamine dependence and psychosis...

..Based on the interaction of PICK1 with dopamine transporter, it is of particular interest to investigate the association between the PICK1 gene and methamphetamine abusers...

..Further analyses are necessary to clarify the gender difference, by using a larger sample size and/or different ethnic groups, as well as functional variations in the alpha-synuclein gene...

..Further analysis should be capable of identifying associations between the OPRM variations and MAP dependence/psychosis...

..These findings suggest that long-term use of MAP causes abnormal cerebral blood flow patterns, reduction of brain dopamine transporter density, and metabolite alteration, which may be closely related to a susceptibility to MAP psychosis...

..The present study suggests that the polymorphism of the GSTT1 gene might be a genetic risk factor of the development of METH psychosis in a Japanese population...

..We recently identified FEZ1 as an interacting partner for DISC1. To investigate the role of FEZ1 in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder, case-control association analyses were conducted in Japanese cohorts...

..0212), with an odds ratio of 0.62 (95% confidence interval: 0.51-0.76). The present study demonstrated that reduced CYP2D6 activity was a negative risk factor for methamphetamine dependence...

..We can improve understanding of human methamphetamine dependence, and possibly our abilities to prevent and treat this devastating disorder, by identifying genes whose allelic variants predispose to methamphetamine dependence...

..These results suggest that chronic self-administration of methamphetamine can cause reactive microgliosis in the brains of human methamphetamine abusers, a level of activation that appears to subside over longer periods of abstinence...

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..DTNBP1 may confer susceptibility to psychotic symptoms in various psychiatric disorders besides schizophrenia...

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..Moreover, SLC22A3 (which encodes OCT3) is a candidate gene for MAP dependence because it is located within a chromosomal region associated with substance dependence...

..These results suggest that the OPRD1 gene variants may not be a factor in vulnerability to MAP dependence/psychosis...

..83, 95% ci=1.24-2.68)...

..038) difference between patients with prolonged-type MAP psychosis and controls. This study suggests that the NQO2 gene polymorphism contributes to the aetiology of MAP-related psychosis in Japanese...

..Further investigation of these associations, together with evidence from previous animal studies, may open the way to elucidation of the pathophysiology of this condition...

..Because the polymorphism is located in the promoter region of the XBP-1 gene and affects transcription activity of the gene, it is unlikely that dysfunction of XBP-1 may induces susceptibility to methamphetamine dependence...

..Our findings suggest that the polymorphism (Ile105Val) on exon 5 of the GSTP1 gene may contribute to a vulnerability to psychosis associated with MAP abuse in Japanese population...

..Because the Pro129Thr polymorphism reduces enzyme instability, it is unlikely that dysfunction of FAAH and enhanced endocannabinoid system induce susceptibility to either methamphetamine dependence/psychosis or schizophrenia...

..This article contains supplementary material, which may be viewed at the American Journal of Medical Genetics website at http://www.interscience.wiley.com/jpages/0148-7299:1/suppmat/index.html...

..007, odds ratio: 2.77, 95% CI 1.30-5.89) higher than that of male abusers with deletion alleles. These findings suggest that GSTM1 gene deletion may contribute to a vulnerability to MAP abuse in female subjects, but not in male subjects...

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..The scale may also facilitate the identification of schizophrenia susceptibility genetic/environmental factors by stratifying etiologically heterogeneous patients according to physical abnormalities...

..In this study, we studied whether serum levels of BDNF are altered in patients with autism...