C Nagata

..16, P = 0.04). Umbilical cord AFP was unrelated to cord levels of estradiol and estriol. The data suggested a greater exposure to estriol and a lower exposure to AFP among high birth weight babies...

..Recent laboratory studies have suggested that cadmium is an estrogenic compound and may be a potential risk factor for breast cancer...

..As tobacco smoking may be one of the few modifiable risk factors for breast cancer, we focused on the association between tobacco smoking and the risk of breast cancer in this review...

..13, P = 0.04). The correlations of saturated and monounsaturated fats with serum IGFBP-3 were of borderline significance (r = -0.12, P = 0.06 and r = -0.11, P = 0.07, respectively)...

..To evaluate the effect of menopause on weight change in Japanese women...

..The present study supports the association of BMD with serum estradiol; however, it does not support the association of BMD with soy or isoflavone intake or serum isoflavone levels...

..49; 95% CI 0.22-1.13) was observed in women, although this association was of marginal significance. These data suggest that soy intake may reduce the risk of death from stomach cancer...

..The present cross-sectional study evaluated the relations of percent density with dietary factors, such as fats, protein, dietary fiber, and soy isoflavones...

..For women but not for men, n-3 fatty acids from fish were significantly inversely associated with total mortality. Results showed that soy intake may have moderate but beneficial effects on total mortality...

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..8 and 9.3%, respectively, with a 5% increase in the percentage of energy from total fat. These data suggest that a high intake of fat is associated with higher serum levels of estrone and DHEAS in postmenopausal women...

..However, the associations of the risk of breast cancer with breast size and a high breast density greater than 75%, needs to be confirmed in future studies...

..To assess the impact of changes in marital status on the mortality of elderly Japanese men and women...

..The data suggest that polyunsaturated fat and dietary fiber intake are associated with the parameters of menstrual cycle length, but further studies are required to better characterize these associations...

..lowest tertile of intake, p for trend = 0.02). Association of carotene intake with the incidence of menopause was of borderline significance (hazard ratio = 0.78, 95% confidence interval: 0.59, 1.04, p for trend = 0.07)...

..To evaluate the relationship between soy product intake and mortality from several types of cancer and heart disease, an ecological analysis was performed in 47 prefectures in Japan...

..We determined the prevalence of the use of such preparations in a community in Japan and assessed the health characteristics of the users...

..01). Reproductive factors as well as physical activity were not related to any of the hormone levels...

..36, p = 0.02). If the observed association is causal, our results suggest that the consumption of soy products lowers the risk of developing breast cancer risk modifying estrogen metabolism...

..Although the effect of caffeine cannot be distinguished from effects of coffee and green tea, consumption of caffeine-containing beverages appeared to favorably alter hormone levels associated with the risk of developing breast cancer...

..To evaluate the cross-sectional relationships of dietary and other lifestyle variables to menopause...

..Our purpose was to determine the effect of soy consumption on serum estrogen levels in premenopausal women by use of a dietary intervention approach...

..17-3.38) and there were statistically significant trends in risk with increasing duration and number of hair dye use. Occupational exposure to organic solvents was marginally associated with the risk of MDS (OR = 1.99; 95% CI 0.97-4.10)...

..The purpose of this study was to examine the relation between sodium intake and death from stroke in a population-based cohort of Japanese men and women...

..We aimed to examine the cross-sectional relationships of DHEAS, estradiol (E2), and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) to serum lipid concentrations in post-menopausal Japanese women...

..The present study was to examine the relationships between intakes of soy, fat, and dietary fiber and the severity of menstrual pain...

..A high intake of soy has been suggested to protect against breast cancer. We examined the hypothesis that maternal soy intake may be inversely associated with pregnancy hormone levels...

..40, P = 0. 0001) as well as HOMA-R (r = 0.38, P = 0.0003) after controlling for estradiol / SHBG ratio. There is a possibility that effect of BMI on breast cancer risk is mediated by both insulin resistance and estrogen metabolism...

..However, data should be regarded as preliminary because it is impossible to estimate dietary melatonin intake from vegetables and or from the entire diet because of incomplete data for melatonin in plants...

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..A self-administered quantitative food frequency questionnaire (Qx) was developed for a population-based cohort study on cancer in Takayama, Japan...

..These findings suggest that a diet rich in soy foods and low in meats may be related to lower IGF-I levels, but it is unclear whether soy or other characteristics of diet and lifestyle are responsible for this association...

..Our objective is to assess the effect of soymilk supplementation, a whole soy product, with usual diet on serum lipids in normolipidemic subjects...

..The results of the study indicate that soymilk consumption may modify circulating estrone concentrations in men...

..lowest: hazard ratio = 0.42; 95% confidence interval: 0.25, 0.72; p for trend = 0.002). These data suggest that consumption of soy products has a protective effect against hot flashes...

..Future studies focusing on specific diseases will be required to examine this possibility. SPONSORSHIP: Grants from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture, Japan...

..There was a positive association between pack-years of cigarette smoking and the risk of rectal cancer in men. A positive dose-response relation between alcohol consumption and colon cancer risk was observed for men and women...

..Therefore, when comparing ethnic groups with distinct physical proportions, the absolute size of the dense areas appears to be a better measure of breast cancer risk than the relative density...

..It is unclear whether tobacco smoking is related to colorectal cancer risk in Japan. We evaluated the association among the Japanese population based on a systematic review of epidemiologic evidence...

..Based on this analysis, the influence of circulating levels of IGF-I, IGFBP-3, and prolactin on percent density appears to be very small...

..This study illustrates several problems related to dietary comparisons across populations and provides information for future investigations on chronic disease risk...

..Emerging epidemiologic data suggest that cigarette smoking may increase the risk of primary liver cancer. We evaluated this association based on a systematic review of epidemiologic evidence among Japanese populations...

..An inverse association was observed between serum retinol level and risk of cervical dysplasia, although it did not achieve statistical significance...

..We investigated whether intake of vegetables, fruits and soy foods is associated with sensitivity to bitterness and reluctance to eat new foods (food neophobia) in Japanese preschool children...

..The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationships between the rationality and anti-emotionality (R/A) personality and dietary consumption in a Japanese community...

..Soy diet has been suggested to have antihypertensive effect in animal studies. The present study examined the cross-sectional relationship between blood pressure and intake of soy products and other food groups in Japanese men and women...

..This report is one of a series of articles by our research group, which is evaluating the existing evidence concerning the association between health-related lifestyles and cancer...

..It would be of value, therefore, to quantify that association in Japan based on a systematic review of epidemiological evidence for the primary prevention of lung cancer...

..On the basis of a systematic review of epidemiological evidence, we evaluated this association among the Japanese population, who may be more susceptible to alcohol-related diseases than Western populations...

..28) was marginally significant. Decreased risks observed for the highest tertiles of beta-carotene (OR = 0.65) and zeaxanthin/lutein (OR = 0.53), were not statistically significant...

..The objective of this study was to evaluate the causal attributions for breast cancer and their association with the subsequent psychological adjustment...

..07 (95% CI: 0.81-1.42) in men and 0.89 (95% CI: 0.68-1.15) in women. These data did not support an association between soy isoflavone intake and risk of cedar pollinosis...

..Pollinosis induced by the cedar pollen antigen is the most common seasonal allergic reaction in Japan. We aimed to examine the relationship between smoking and risk of cedar pollinosis in a population-based cohort of the Japanese...

..Demographic factors, smoking status, and menstrual and reproductive factors were unrelated to equol excretion. These data suggest that dairy product intake may be associated with the production of equol...

..16; 95% Cl, 0.77-1.74; P-trend = 0.61) and vegetable (HR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.49-1.34; P-trend = 0.47) intake. These data suggest that higher intake of vegetables is associated with reduced risk of death from CVD for women...

..Further, the association of diabetes with increasing risk of cancer has also been reported. Well-designed studies conducted among men and women in the general Japanese population remain scarce...

..The data suggest that higher alcohol intake is associated with a higher prevalence of uterine fibroids. Further studies on diet, especially phyto-oestrogens, and uterine fibroids are needed given the limited data currently available...

..Studies focusing on lifestyle and health factors and stress urinary incontinence (SUI) are scarce in Japan. The aim of this study is to examine the association of lifestyle and health factors in SUI...

..To examine the association of smoking and lifestyle factors with pancreatic cancer death in the prospective design...

..05). The current study implies that diets with a high dietary GI increase the risk of mortality from stroke among Japanese women...

..These factors might explain the heterogeneity of results from studies. This present report contrasts background data from Japanese and Western women to identify the potential modifying of these factors...

..The aim of the present study was to examine the associations of these factors with blood concentrations of sex hormones and prolactin in premenopausal Japanese women...

..Further studies with more accurate measurement methods are needed to investigate the role of daily diet in skin ageing...

..The results imply that coffee consumption decreased the risk of developing diabetes. The protective effect may exist aside from the influence of caffeine intake...

..The Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top was developed by the Japanese Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare and the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishery to promote healthful diets...

..We examined the association of experience of farming with occurrence of cedar pollinosis in a prospective cohort in Japan...

..However, the potential role of melatonin as an intervening factor between light exposure at night and the serum concentrations of estrogen was equivocal...

..02). There was no significant association between urinary aMT6-s level and the percent density in postmenopausal women. We found no evidence that the melatonin level is inversely associated with mammographic density...

..To investigate the relationships of an individual's level on the R/A personality to cancer and cardiovascular disease mortality in Japan, we conducted a population-based cohort study...

..43, 95% CI: 0.22-0.85). The findings suggest the possible linkage between a western diet and risk of colon cancer...

..Although smoking is a well-known risk factor for the onset of airway diseases, the associations between smoking and asthma are inconsistent...

..04), after adjusting for multiple potential confounders. Among men, no significant association was observed. Our results exhibited the weak benefit of soy foods only among women. Further research to confirm our results may be beneficial...

..19, P = 0.01), but was unrelated to birth weight. Estrogen level during pregnancy may be regulated by dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids and mediate their effects on fetal growth...

..Evidence suggests that < or =10% of the Asian population consumes as much as 25 g of soy protein or 100 mg of isoflavones per day. The applicability of these findings for making soy intake recommendations for non-Asians is discussed...

..We evaluated the association between tobacco smoking and gastric cancer risk among the Japanese population based on a systematic review of epidemiologic evidence...

..This comparison of mammographic densities suggests that, on a group level, age-adjusted dense areas may reflect breast cancer incidence better than percent densities...

..CONCLUSIONS: High intake of fats and low intake of foods with high concentration of carbohydrate may be associated with premenstrual symptoms...

..05). The analysis of BMI at the baseline did not show a significant relationship with the risk of death from stomach cancer. These results suggest that a high BMI(20y) is associated with an increased risk of death from stomach cancer...

..03). The results indicate that increased consumption of vegetables raises circulatory melatonin concentrations...

..We evaluated the association between tobacco smoking and total cancer risk among Japanese populations based on a systematic review of epidemiological evidence...

..It is also noted that a lower cytomegalovirus IgG level and a smaller number of past pregnancies might be associated with the regression of CIN lesions...

..An alcohol-colorectal cancer association seems to be more apparent in Japanese than in Western populations. Whether this difference can be ascribed to genetic or environmental factors needs to be clarified...

..We conducted a systematic review of epidemiological evidence to evaluate the association between alcohol drinking and total cancer risk among the Japanese population...

..This report is one among a series of articles by our research group evaluating the existing evidence concerning the association between health-related lifestyles and cancer...

..To clarify whether nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) increases the risk of cardiovascular disease...

..Mammographic density is of interest in assessing the etiology of breast cancer, but it may also have potential as a surrogate marker of risk in interventions designed to reduce the risk of breast cancer...

..CONCLUSIONS: These data clearly demonstrate that liver disease is the cause of ED in patients with CLD, and serum protein status could be relevant to this condition in these patients...

..Our data suggest that baseline IgG reactivities to HPV L1-capsids do not serve as a predictive marker of CIN regression, in contrast to histological CIN grades and HPV DNA status...

..CONCLUSION: These data suggest that intrauterine growth may be associated with lipid profile...

..Based on a systematic review of epidemiologic evidence, we evaluated this association among the Japanese population, who may be more susceptible to alcohol-related diseases than Western populations...