K T Suzuki

..The present results suggest that ascorbate and hydroxyl radicals are produced in the liver of LEC rats with the onset of jaundice, depending on the relative ratio of ascorbic acid and cuprous ions...

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..Furthermore, this new arsenic peak was consistent with the As-BP identified in the plasma in vivo, suggesting that arsenic bound to Hb further binds to haptoglobin (Hp), forming the ternary As-Hb-Hp complex...

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..As the chemical species produced by reduction with the Reay and Asher method are DMTA(III) and DMTA(V), and different from DMA(III), the studies carried out with DMA(III) with the Reay and Asher method have to be reexamined...

..TMSe was produced much efficiently from MeSeCys than from SeMet and selenite, suggesting a role of methylselenol through the beta-lyase reaction in the metabolism of Se-methylated selenoamino acids...

..Injections of DMA(V) and MMA(V) induced a biliary excretion of arsenic but only at 0.2-0.3% of the dose, the arsenic in the bile being their intact free forms...

..However, TMSe was not detected in the liver. The organ- and selenium source-specific production of TMSe was discussed as to the differences in selenium sources, and demethylation and methylation activity...

..4) Selenosugars A and B but not trimethylselenonium (TMSe) were detected in the liver. (5) Selenosugar B and TMSe were detected in the kidneys...

..Chondroitin 4-sulfate did not affect the ratio of the two urinary metabolites, suggesting that the sugar source is of endogenous origin and that it increases with age...

..Effective use of an enriched stable isotope as an absolute label in hosts depleted of natural abundance isotopes was discussed for application in tracer experiments...

..These results suggest that MT causes the recruitment of Cu in a Cu-deficient environment by sequestering Cu from degraded Cu-enzymes and delivering it to Cu chaperones...

..DMA is not excreted into the bile but into the bloodstream, accumulating in RBCs, and then excreted into the urine mostly in the form of DMA(V) in rats...

..The results could be explained by regulated metabolism of selenite, and both nonregulated and regulated aspects of the metabolism of SeMet...

..100, while the number, m, in the [(Hg-Se)n]m-Sel P complex was estimated to be 35. The formation of the unit complex (Hg-Se)100, followed by its binding to Sel P at up to the 35 binding sites on Sel P was suggested...

..The source of the Cu increase in the RBCs was discussed, and it was assumed that the so-called free Cu ions that leak from the damaged hepatocytes are bound to albumin and/or taken up by the RBCs...

..The concentration of CAIII was decreased specifically by repeated injections of cupric ions without the Cu,Zn-SOD concentration being affected...

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..MSA(IV) was suggested to be reduced to methylselenol (allowing the production of a proposed active form of selenium), and then transformed (demethylated) to selenide for utilization and excretion...

..The results indicate that TTM is taken up by the liver depending on the amount of Cu accumulating in the form of MT, and then Cu is effluxed together with Mo in the form of Cu/TTM complex into the bloodstream...

..It was concluded that, once Cu is complexed with TTM, the metal is excreted either immediately in the soluble form or slowly in the insoluble form into the bile and blood...

..Organ-dependent differences in the methylation and demethylation reactions were characterized for the liver, kidney and lung...

..Urinary monomethylated (selenosugar) and trimethylated selenium can be used as specific indices that increase within the required to low-toxic range and with a distinct toxic dose, respectively...

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..Although both TTM and DTM remove Cu from MT, DTM is not appropriate as a therapeutic agent for Wilson disease due to its easy hydrolysis and production of sulfide...

..We also discussed the in vitro formation of dimethylthioarsenicals after incubating dimethylarsinous acid with liver homogenate...

..The present results suggest that the uptake of DMA by RBCs is an additional contributing factor to the animal species difference in the metabolism of arsenic in addition to the reduction and methylation capacity in the liver...

..These results suggest that although parenteral selenate is utilized less efficiently by the body, it is utilized in the liver in a similar manner to selenite much more safely...

..In addition, arsenic was thiolated more in hamsters than in rats excreting mono and dimethylated thioarsenicals in urine...

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..The plasma Cu concentration and ferroxidase activity were proposed to be specific indicators of the appearance of non-metallothionein-bound Cu in the liver of LEC rats...

..In contrast, Se was not accumulated in RBCs. Finally, Te was excreted in urine as trimethyltelluronium and might be exhaled as dimethyltelluride. The results suggest that the metabolism of Te was distinct from that of Se in rats...

..Furthermore, we also detected two unknown arsenic metabolites in rat urine, which were assumed to be hydroxylated arsenic metabolites...

..figure: see text] TeMet was less incorporated into GFP than Met and SeMet due to its instability in WGE...

..Inorganic As (iAs) predominates in rice (67.17-86.62%) and in spices (40-90.35%), respectively over organic As. So, As in the food chain is a real threat to human health...

..Nuclear MT was proposed to protect the nuclei from the oxidation occurring with progression of the cell cycle...

..At least, four unidentified sulfur-containing compounds were detected in odorless garlic and shallot. Moreover, these Allium plants showed chemopreventive effects against human leukemia cells...

..The selenized shiitake accumulated Se as SeMet, and SeMet might be bound to the water extractable high molecular mass protein(s)...

..This study compares the transfer from mother to fetuses and pups of selenium (Se) in the form of selenite, selenate, and selenomethionine (SeMet) labeled with different homo-elemental isotopes...

..It was proposed that arsenic is excreted from hepatocytes into the bloodstream in the form of DMAIII and then taken up by RBCs in humans, where it is transformed into DMMTA(V) and then excreted again into the bloodstream...

..Therefore, total As concentrations of nails could be considered as biomarker to As exposure in the endemic areas...

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..Thus, the major urinary Se metabolite was assigned as a diastereomer of a selenosugar, Se-methyl-N-acetyl-selenohexosamine...

..Thus, MT was shown to be induced under Cu-deficient conditions to maintain the activities of intracellular cuproenzymes such as cytochrome c oxidase and Cu,zinc-superoxide dismutase...

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..Cu imaging showed that the elevated Cu was compartmentalized in cytoplasmic vesicles. Together, the results point to the novel roles of MT and cytoplasmic vesicles in the detoxification of Cu in mammalian cells...

..DMA(III) content in fingernails and DMA(V) contents in both fingernails and hair could be the biomarker to As exposure...

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..Based on the present observations, we proposed for the first time that ROS are generated synchronously with the normal cell cycle, and that they have to be controlled at certain level for normal progress of the cell cycle...

..These results suggest that the transgenic plants over-expressing cysteine synthase both in cytosol and chloroplasts can be applicable to phyto-remediation of Cd from contaminated soils...

..The contradictory age-related change in the heat-shock response is discussed with the differences in biochemical and genetic properties of substrains of F344 rats...

..However, this did not occur in the livers of F344 rats with wild-type Atp7b. Recommendations to individuals suffering from Wilson's disease to avoid consuming soy protein may be warranted...

..This activity of ambient roadside air can be estimated using experimental animals, indicating that biological monitoring of DNA-adduct formation may be a powerful tool to assess the effect of ambient air on human health...

..The results obtained in this study indicate that parabens may induce oxidative stress in the skin after conversion to GSH conjugates of HQ by reacting with (1)O(2) and GSH...

..These results demonstrate that the epithelial cell in the papillary ducts is the primary target site for the onset of RPN evoked by nefiracetam...

..These results demonstrate that changes in renal clusterin mRNA may reflect the progression or severity of RPN, whereas upregulation of tissue kallikrein mRNA may subsequently play a compensating role in the prevention of RPN...

..These results suggest that the stringent selectivity of Cox17p for copper is required for CCO activation, to prevent copper overload, or promote the supply of copper...

..It is thus suggested that SPI enhances liver cell copper uptake through induction of Ctr1 expression and this might be the mechanism underlying increased liver damage in LEC rats...

..These results suggest that biological reductants enhance the ESR signal of DMPO-OH produced by DMPO-mediated generation of *OH from 1O2, and that spin trap-mediated *OH generation hardly occurs with DEPMPO...

..In both the simulated gastric and intestinal digests, Se-methionine, Se-methylselenocysteine, and gamma-glutamyl-Se-methylselenocysteine could be determined by LC-ESI-MS-MS by measuring their typical product ions...