C R Sirtori

..Accessibility of an early marker of lung cancer will be a great advantage for potentially early treatment by surgical procedures with limited tissue removal, possibly preceding metastasis development...

..A better understanding of the mechanisms of statin handling will help to minimize adverse effects and interactions, as well as to improve their lipid-lowering efficiency...

..The excellent tolerability of aescin in the clinic indicates this treatment is of definite clinical benefit in patients with clinical conditions resulting in CVI, haemorrhoids or peripheral oedema formation...

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..Finally, consensus opinions about tea and coffee have not emerged yet, and the benefits of vitamin E, garlic, fenugreek and policosanols in the management of dyslipidaemia and prevention of arterial disease are still controversial...

..Active peptides have been identified for the latter indication, whereas works is in progress in attempting to identify specific cholesterol lowering peptides...

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..Further, the cholesterol reduction appears to be associated with stimulation of LDL receptors by a well-defined protein component of the lupin seeds as demonstrated by in vitro studies...

..Potentially CETP stimulation, for example by probucol or derivatives may provide instead a more satisfactory approach to cardiovascular prevention...

..There are, at present, inconsistent data on the effects of different treatments on size and density of LDL particles in FCHL patients...

..The re-evaluation thus shows that the thirty-three studies published in the past 10 years are in agreement with the Anderson meta-analysis and confirm its validity...

..There is now growing interest in the use of soy products containing low levels of phytoestrogens and in research on other phytoestrogen free legumes such as lupin...

..Evaluation of these, at times, historical data provides, however, an important clue to the understanding of current results with different medications for the management of lipoprotein disorders...

..Available data do not appear to unequivocally support beneficial effects of soy isoflavones, and warn against their wide use, in the absence of satisfactory clinical findings...

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..The objective of this study was to establish whether this high-risk lipid/lipoprotein profile is associated with structural changes in the carotid arteries and heart, indicative of preclinical atherosclerosis...

..05). These first data from a double-blind study confirm a significant cholesterol-lowering effect of soyabean protein, even when only partly replacing animal protein in the diet, in individuals with extreme plasma cholesterol elevations...

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..The easy accessibility of the arterial lesion allows serial IVUS investigations and the direct evaluation of a number of locally or generally delivered therapeutic agents...

..The high efficiency of A-IM-containing HDL for cell cholesterol uptake would result in an improved reverse cholesterol transport in the A-IM carriers, possibly explaining the low susceptibility to atherosclerosis development...

..These findings indicate that digoxin levels, calculated based on a BIA evaluation, may be sufficiently reliable, in the majority of patients, to allow direct determination of the more appropriate doses of digoxin...

..05). These data, while confirming the well-known lipid lowering properties of soy proteins, indicate, in this animal model, a remarkable activity on a focal atheromatous lesion, possibly also linked to a powerful antioxidant activity...

..The aim of this study was to investigate the possible effects of statins on the desaturating steps of arachidonic acid biosynthesis in patients...

..To assess whether the diagnosis 'metabolic syndrome' (MS) predicts the degree of subclinical atherosclerosis better than its component parts or the total number of vascular risk factors (VRFs) in patients attending a lipid clinic...

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..In HC patients, the presence of tendon xanthomas was associated with twofold higher Lp(a) levels. These findings argue for a regulatory role of triglycerides on plasma Lp(a) levels in hyperlipidemic patients...

..Moreover, pea proteins appear to affect cellular lipid homeostasis by upregulating genes involved in hepatic cholesterol uptake and by downregulating fatty acid synthesis genes...

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..The proposed technique is highly sensitive and well comparable with the generally accepted echotracking system. It may thus be considered as an alternative tool to detect and monitor compliance changes induced by arterial occlusion...

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..The reduction of plasma cholesterol levels was associated with a complete regression of the xanthomas, supporting DF apheresis as a first-choice treatment for patients with massive LP-X accumulation due to cholestasis...

..CONCLUSION: The L-ISO diet did not affect feed intake and has adequate nutritional quality in rats whilst modifying large intestinal weight in a potentially beneficial manner--suggesting potential for this protein in human nutrition...

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..This paper reports the results of the baseline analyses aimed at identifying the major determinants of increased carotid IMT (C-IMT)...

..This suggests the presence of a novel carboxy-terminal domain in A-I(M)/A-I(M), not organized in a compact structure and not shared by wild-type apoA-I, which may account for the unique functional properties of A-I(M)/A-I(M)...

..These observations point out peculiar properties of each CA inhibitor, of potential value in the definition of their biological activities and also in the potential development of novel antagonist molecules...

..At acidic pH, apoA-I does not form aggregates and has little secondary structure; unfolding is then a progressive rather than a cooperative process...

..Other therapeutic options of HDL therapy have recently became available...

..The apoA-I(M)/POPC complex thus appears to reduce reperfusion injury under global ischemic conditions, and may therefore have therapeutic application in the reduction of myocardial ischemia...

..These results provide the first evidence that the hypoalphalipoproteinemia in apoA-I(M) human carriers may be partially explained by impaired apoA-I(M) secretion...

..These results indicate that a diet containing an isoflavone-poor soy protein concentrate may inhibit breast tumor progression and metastasis development...

..The method offers an innovative approach to obtain a quantitative assessment of varicose vein progression and of treatment effects, thus providing a basis for epidemiologic surveys...

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..Studies to assess the role of these markers in the atherosclerotic process by evaluating their relationship to carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT) tend to provide contrasting results...

..Intake of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) either from natural sources or dietary supplementation is inversely associated with atherothrombosis...

..To analyze the cholesteryl ester transfer protein (CETP) gene and the plasma HDL phenotype in a Caucasian subject with extremely elevated plasma high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C)...

..The distinct and complementary effects of fenofibrate and simvastatin on lipid parameters and HDL-related biomarkers suggest that a combination therapy with the two drugs in dyslipidemic patients with low HDL would be fully justified...

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..The plasma concentration of the HDL-bound antioxidant enzyme paraoxonase increased by 10% after Omacor. Omacor may be helpful in correcting multiple lipoprotein abnormalities and reducing cardiovascular risk in FCHL patients...

..This review is aimed at providing an update on the experimental studies in which apolipoprotein A-I(Milano), produced as a recombinant protein, has displayed important effects in the treatment of vascular diseases...

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..01 and 0.05 for Avg-IMT and Max-IMT, respectively). These data highlight a significant relationship between carotid artery IMT and a familial predisposition to be long-lived that is independent of the individual's vascular risk profile...

..These results suggest AIM-PL complexes enhanced lipid removal from arteries is the mechanism responsible for the observed plaque changes...

..5/12.7 nm rHDL is likely connected to the higher number of protein-lipid and lipid-lipid interactions in larger as compared with smaller rHDL...

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..Although at early stages of drug development, A-I(M)/A-I(M) sHDL holds vast promise for the treatment of a variety of cardiovascular diseases in humans...

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..89 to 0.85) and amlodipine (R(2) between 0.81 and 0.91), less satisfactory (with a wide range of R(2), from 0.65 to 0.94), in the case of tobramycin...

..Circular dichroism on synthetic HDL containing apoA-I(M)-apoA-II was consistent with the alpha-helix content computed on the proposed model...

..Ongoing clinical studies will provide final indication as to the potential of this new therapeutic approach...

..These findings indicate differences in the protein composition of soy products used in clinical studies. We suggest that standardization should be improved before products are assessed for clinical outcome studies...

..Also based on our very long experience with this drug, it appears that fenofibrate raises HDL-C levels in the vast majority of treated patients, with a particularly dramatic effect in individuals with low HDL-C and hypertriglyceridemia...

..Theoretically, hypoalphalipoproteinemia cases with LCAT deficiency should be at increased cardiovascular risk because of high-density lipoprotein deficiency and defective reverse cholesterol transport...

..Our findings help in defining a molecular model for apoA-I contained in HDL and suggest a possible mechanism through which apoA-I can vary its diameter and accommodate different numbers of phospholipids during the metabolism of HDL...

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..This review aims to provide an overview and an update of all therapeutic applications of synthetic high-density lipoproteins tested in animal models or in clinical trials...

..Performance of the WHtR versus body mass index (BMI) and enlarged waist circumference (WC) in the assessment of the metabolic syndrome was tested in nonobese males and females in a high-risk Italian population...

..Whether the low HDL level of apoA-I(M) carriers is associated with impaired vascular function is presently unknown...

..0% correct classification of VE+ patients. CONCLUSIONS: Artificial neural network technology is highly promising in the development of accurate diagnostic tools designed to recognize patients at high risk of cardiovascular diseases...

..38, P<0.001). By inhibiting IL-6 production and lowering plasma IL-6 concentration, HDL may limit the pro-atherogenic effects of both acute and chronic inflammatory states, of which IL-6 is a key orchestrator...

..There have never been reports of the detection of apolipoprotein breakdown products in the circulation...

..Proteolytic fragments produced by metalloproteinase action were shown by gel filtration and electrophoresis to be neither associated with lipids nor self-associated...

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..On the other hand, CYP2D6 PM status is associated to an increased efficacy of statins metabolized by this system...