Edgardo Somigliana

..Ultrasonographic evaluation of ovarian response to ovulation stimulation represents a simple yet poorly employed tool to assess residual ovarian function after surgery...

..Fertilization rate and rate of good-quality embryos were similar. CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic excision of endometriomas is associated with a quantitative but not a qualitative damage to ovarian reserve...

..The aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of other forms of endometriosis in patients with bladder endometriotic nodules...

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..To evaluate serum antimüllerian hormone (AMH) level modification after surgical excision of ovarian endometriomas...

..Future studies should focus on a 2-step strategy that includes measures applied at the time of surgery and subsequent administration of agents able to prevent the development of new adhesions...

..Perinatal environmental exposure may affect fetal development and reprogram the developing organism for adult-onset disease. In this case-control study, we aimed at assessing this pathogenetic model in endometriosis...

..Alternative therapeutical options include medical treatment and ultrasound-guided aspiration. Whereas prolonged GnRH agonist down-regulation may be beneficial, data on ultrasound aspiration are more controversial...

..These two strategies are compared in terms of plasma human immunodeficiency virus viral load and CD4 cell count...

..To perform a district hospital-based maternal death review aimed at assessing the benefits and limits of an integrated and comprehensive project for reproductive health in Oyam district, northern Uganda...

..In this study, we hypothesize that, if this is true, deep peritoneal endometriosis and the other forms should not be significantly associated...

..This might explain the previously reported mild association between endometriosis and past use of oral contraceptives...

..However, these differences did not reach statistical significance and this advice is thus not mandatory. Larger studies are warranted to validate these conclusions...

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..Pregnancy complications related to the presence of these lesions and to their removal are also addressed...

..Since vitamin D is an effective modulator of the immune system, we have hypothesized that the vitamin D status may have a role in the pathogenesis of endometriosis...

..This study was performed in order to verify the clinical value of serum CA 125, CA 19-9 and IL-6 levels, either by themselves or combined, in the detection of the disease...

..However, at present, information regarding the effects of these regimens during pregnancy is limited...

..To clarify whether the presence of ovarian endometriomas is associated with a reduced responsiveness to ovarian hyperstimulation...

..However, available studies are mainly based on II look laparoscopies performed few weeks after the intervention and data on fertility is lacking. Clinical trials including pregnancy rate as a specific outcome are warranted...

..The objective of this study was to investigate whether laparoscopic excision of nonendometriotic benign ovarian cysts is associated with a significant injury to ovarian reserve...

..To assess the use and effectiveness of IVF in a cohort of women undergoing surgery for endometriosis...

..On these bases, we have hypothesized that the risk of recurrence may be related to the residual ovarian reserve of the operated ovary...

..To assess the cost-effectiveness of an ambulance service within a comprehensive hospital/community-based program aimed at improving access and quality of reproductive health in poor-resources settings...

..To evaluate physical attractiveness in women with and without endometriosis...

..Surgical treatment may be effective but is associated with a high risk of morbidity and major complications. Information on the effect of medical alternatives for pain relief in this condition is scarce...

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..Complete and detailed information on risks and benefits of treatment alternatives must be offered to infertile patients to allow unbiased choices between possible options...

..55; 95% confidence interval, 0.30 to 0.99), and the 12- and 24-month cumulative pregnancy rates were 13% and 22% in the former group and 25% and 30% in the latter...

..The aim of this study was to investigate the potential association between the single nucleotide polymorphism +405G>C of the VEGF gene with the risk of endometriosis, for the first time in the Caucasian population...

..The 15% difference is statistically significant. Infertile patients with rectovaginal endometriosis considering surgery, should be carefully informed of the real probability of post-operative conception avoiding generic overestimations...

..Of particular concern is the risk of severe ovarian damage leading to unresponsiveness to ovarian hyperstimulation. In this study, we aimed to determine the rate of this complication...

..To clarify this issue, we have examined the prevalence of this polymorphism in a case-control study in the Italian population...

..58-3.91%). Conclusions. The probability of conception after repeat surgery for recurrent endometriosis appeared limited and reduced compared with that after primary surgery. The results of IVF were not inferior to those of reoperation...

..Thus, since available data on this issue are scanty and controversial, an observational study has been herein conducted in order to clarify this issue...

..To evaluate rate and determinants of long-term recurrence of endometriosis in a population of young women...

..The guidelines recommend performing a karyotype analysis in each couple and the screening test for mutations of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) in one of the two partners...

..The purpose of this study was to compare the postoperative risk of endometrioma recurrence in women using oral contraception and in those undergoing simple observation...

..CONCLUSIONS In asymptomatic patients selected for IVF, small fibroids not encroaching the endometrial cavity did not impact on the rate of success of the procedure...

..The mean ± SD diameters of the tumors at these two time points were 20.5 ± 9.5 and 20.6 ± 10.2 mm, respectively, thus supporting the conclusion that IVF does not influence the growth of these lesions...

..Studies on surgical management of recurrent rectovaginal endometriosis are warranted, due to the peculiar technical difficulties as well as the high risk of complications associated with this challenging disease form...

..A possible and neglected concern in women with endometriosis undergoing IVF is the potential risk of progression of the disease. We set up a prospective study mainly aimed at evaluating the impact of IVF on endometriosis-related symptoms...

..There is a growing consensus that ovarian endometriomas should not be systematically removed in women selected for IVF. However, some recent evidence suggested that the presence of these cysts may negatively affect the course of pregnancy...

..Moreover, PTX3 binds to spermatozoa, in particular with immotile cells, localizing in the neck and in the subacrosomial region. Finally, recombinant PTX3 did not interfere with sperm motility...

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..This study aims to investigate the clinical relevance of confined placental mosaicism (CPM) detected at chorionic villous sampling (CVS) and to identify risk factors for this condition...

..To assess the impact of rectovaginal endometriosis on pain at intercourse and sexual functioning...

..The aim of the study was to identify predictive factors for peripartum hysterectomy in women with placenta previa...

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..The main aim of this study was to compare the number of developing follicles in the affected ovary with that in the contralateral intact gonad as a control...

..There is limited but interesting evidence suggesting that endometriosis may be associated with specific pigmentary traits and sun habits. In this case-control study, we aimed to further clarify this point...

..16 (95% CI 0.04-0.65). After first-line surgery for endometriosis, women should be invited to seek conception as soon as possible. Alternatively, oral contraceptive use until pregnancy is desired should be considered...

..Finally, as reproductive prognosis is not ameliorated by medical treatment, it is not indicated for women seeking conception...

..The contralateral intact ovary may adequately supply for the reduced function of the affected one. To clarify this point, we assess IVF-ICSI outcome in women operated on for bilateral endometriomas...

..11-0.40) and 0.39 (95% confidence interval 0.23-0.66). Postoperative OC use dramatically decreased the risk of ovarian endometrioma recurrence, especially in women who used OCs regularly and for prolonged periods...

..8 + 1.9 vs. 5.8 + 1.7). In conclusion, parthenogenesis highlights a reduced potential of vitrified oocytes to cleave on day 3 compared with oocytes from slow-freezing...

..To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of a contraceptive vaginal ring and transdermal patch in the treatment of endometriosis-associated pain...

..To discuss current ideas about therapy for endometriosis derived from new observations generated by using molecular biology techniques and in vivo animal models of disease...

..CONCLUSION: Laparoscopic excision of ovarian cysts is associated with damage to ovarian reserve, at least immediately after surgery. This effect does not appear to be consequent to an injury to ovarian vascularization...

..Biological evidence supporting this assumption is, however, lacking. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between results from the CCCT and the quantity and the quality of the recruited oocytes...

..To clarify this aspect, we set up a prospective study in women with monolateral endometriomas in order to assess the rate of ovulation in affected ovaries...

..These findings suggest that endometriosis aetiology is not primarily associated with the development of CTLA4-linked autoimmunity...

..Fertility status evaluation in patients found azoospermic at the time of malignancy diagnosis...

..On the basis of the present findings, modifications of the standard treatment options for the disease are not justifiable...

..Medical treatment is not indicated in women seeking conception because reproductive prognosis is not ameliorated...

..In all cases, this complication occurred immediately after surgery. CONCLUSION: Patients who had been operated on for bilateral endometriomas have a low but definite risk of premature ovarian failure occurring immediately after surgery...

..Results show appealing new possibilities are emerging from agents counteracting the endometriosis-associated inflammation. Recent data also suggests that there is still the opportunity to refine the use of already available agents...

..The development of a new endometrioma was documented in one case (2.1%, 95% confidence interval 0.1-11.1%). Fear about the growth of ovarian endometriomas in women who have to undergo IVF-ICSI is not justified...

..The aim of this article is to evaluate the biological rationale for the use of an intrauterine device releasing 20 mug/day of levonorgestrel in women with endometriosis, and to assess its efficacy in relieving pelvic pain symptoms...

..The purpose of this study was to compare 2 anti-incontinence procedures in women who had severe genital prolapse and potential stress incontinence...

..This complication was never recorded, indicating that its risk is very low (0.0; 95% confidence interval, 0.0-1.7%)...

..CPP is a symptom, not a disease, and rarely reflects a single pathologic process. Gaining women's trust and developing a strong patient-physician relationship is of utmost importance for the long-term outcome of care...

..To establish whether causality versus biases may explain the association of endometriosis and ovarian cancer...

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..To evaluate differences in endometrial stromal cell (ESC) migration between patients with and without endometriosis...

..Based on these data, the causal link between endometriosis and ovarian endometrioid/clear cell carcinomas remains to be defined both in terms of entity of association and of underlying molecular mechanisms...

..In particular, we emphasize that this instrument may be of benefit provided that the test is not used as a screening test...

..A minority of patients (3-5%) will experience worsening of pain or will develop new symptoms after surgery. Treatment of CPP, generally, requires acceptance of the concept of managing rather than curing symptoms...

..In this study, we have compared two different protocols employing GnRH antagonists in order to determine the lower effective dose of gonadotrophins to use...

..However, an integrated clinical and laboratory approach using both CA125 and sICAM-1 may be helpful in specifically identifying women with deep peritoneal endometriosis...

..In this study, we report on our experience and perform a review of the literature on this issue...

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..To detect a direct transition from a haemorrhagic corpus luteum to an endometriotic cyst by serial transvaginal ultrasonographic scans...

..This prospective study evaluated the effect of weight reduction on anthropometric indices and ovarian morphology in anovulatory overweight patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)...

..However, their contraceptive effectiveness limits their use to women who do not wish to have children in the short term...

..CONCLUSION: The need for IVF did not seem to markedly influence subjective health status. Conversely, duration of infertility and failure to achieve a pregnancy through IVF might have a negative impact...

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..Oocyte cryopreservation is allowed while embryo cryostorage is banned. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical impact of these limitations...

..However, a possible susceptibility role of this polymorphism in endometriosis development towards very severe forms cannot be ruled out...

..6, CI 1.1-2.5). This study confirms that infections play a role in the etiology of preterm birth and that reproductive history is still the most important factor in identifying women at increased risk...

..To compare directly in vitro developmental competence between parthenogenetically activated and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)-fertilized oocytes...

..To investigate risk factors and prevalence of anal incontinence among women with pelvic floor dysfunctions...

..Thus, we sought to further investigate the potential association between endometriosis and the AR-CAG polymorphism...

..To gain insight into this aspect, we looked at the relationship between two of these mechanisms in endometrial stroma and the melanoma system for which the ability to create an environment of immune privilege has been well established...

..In order to decrease endometriosis recurrence after surgical therapy, it has been proposed to use a post-surgical oestrogen-lowering medical treatment. Results from previous trials on this topic are contradictory...

..Finally, based on these results and on other previous observations, the hypothesis that follicular fluid may be involved in the development of endometriotic ovarian cysts is discussed...

..The usefulness of GnRH antagonists in mild controlled ovarian hyperstimulation (COH) and intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles is debated...

..However, their contraceptive effectiveness limits their use to women who do not wish to have children in the short-term...

..These changes may have significant implications for the understanding of the etiopathogenesis of endometriosis...

..A literature review highlighting salient points on this topic is also presented. In particular, an important role of prematurity in the etiology of this pathological condition is shown and discussed...