Alessandra Tavani

..The relation between n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), fish intake, and risk of coronary heart disease is controversial...

..1 for oral/pharyngeal and 0.6 for esophageal cancer) or tea (OR 0.9 for both cancers), consumed in low amounts by these populations. Coffee may decrease the risk of oral/pharyngeal and esophageal cancer...

..The inverse relationship between occupational physical activity and ovarian cancer risk was not heterogeneous across strata of selected co-variates...

..44. Our study provides further support to the beneficial effect of high intake of vegetables and fruit, particularly in heavy smokers and alcohol drinkers...

..The hypothesis that high calcium and low vitamin D levels are associated with prostate cancer risk, however, remains unconvincingly demonstrated...

..85 for ovarian cancer. All the estimates were statistically significant, excluding that for rectal cancer, and consistent across strata of age and gender. These results suggest that n-3 PUFAs decrease the risk of several cancers...

..This study, based on a large data set; provides no support for a causal association between invasive epithelial ovarian cancer risk and coffee and alcohol intake...

..To analyse the relation between alcohol intake and the risk of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL)...

..Folate and vitamin B6 intake has been associated with reduced risk of coronary heart disease, but studies are not consistent...

..To assess the relation between selected carbohydrate foods, dietary glycaemic load and glycaemic index, and the risk of non-fatal acute myocardial infarction in a population with a high intake of refined carbohydrates...

..To assess the relation between cigarette smoking, alcohol, coffee, decaffeinated coffee and tea consumption, and the risk of non-fatal acute myocardial infarction (AMI)...

..The association of each risk factor was much stronger in diabetic women. Preventive measures to reduce the prevalence of each additional risk factors in diabetic subjects could led to a substantial reduction of risk of AMI...

..04), while the ORs were 0.96 and 0.78 respectively for a diagnosis of diabetes 5-9 years and > or = 10 years ago...

..To study the influence of established risk factors for ovarian cancer in women with a family history of ovarian and/or breast cancer...

..The joint effect of family history of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and selected adult life risk factors on the risk of the disease is not clear...

..Our study found no association between occupational exposure to ultraviolet radiation and the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma...

..We analysed the relation between the intake of selected carotenoids and retinol and risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI)...

..To analyze the relationship between surgically treated benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and intake of selected micronutrients...

..A relation of prostate cancer risk with calcium, vitamin D and phosphorus has been suggested, but remains controversial...

..We analyzed the relation between HRT use and the risk of nonfatal acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in Italy...

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..We investigated the relation between diabetes and the risk of prostate cancer, as epidemiological results are controversial...

..We analyzed the relation between selected lifestyles and diseases and the risk of non-fatal acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in women in Northern Italy...

..Our study indicates that there is no appreciable association between ever use of any type of hair dyes and the risk of HD, NHL, MM or STS...

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..This is of specific interest since iron is frequently included in supplementation and fortification of foods. We assessed the relation between dietary iron intake and the risk of non-fatal AMI...

..We analyzed such a relation in a case-control study conducted between 1991 and 1994 in Italy...

..6 for current smokers, heavy drinkers with family history. History of oral and pharyngeal cancer and laryngeal cancer is a strong determinant of oral and pharyngeal cancer risk, independent from tobacco and alcohol...

..Diet diversity has been recommended to achieve a healthy diet and prevent cancer...

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..None of the associations were significant after further allowance for vitamin C, probably on account of the high collinearity between these compounds...

..Only a few studies have explored the relation between coffee and tea intake and head and neck cancers, with inconsistent results...

..The results were consistent across strata of age, alcohol drinking and tobacco smoking. This study suggests that a diet not only rich but also varied in fruit and vegetables is related to a decreased risk of laryngeal cancer risk...

..Our findings provide evidence that alcohol drinking is not associated with endometrial cancer risk, although a weak positive association for very high drinkers cannot be excluded...

..Zinc concentration is higher in the prostate than in most other tissues. Since information on the role of zinc on prostate carcinogenesis is controversial, we analysed the issue in a case-control study...

..CONCLUSIONS: This study indicates that cigarette smoking is an indicator of elevated risk for FNH of the liver, whereas whole grain and, possibly, vegetable intake seems to be a favorable indicator...

..The inverse association between occupational physical activity and prostate cancer risk may reflect favorable hormonal correlates of physical activity, but residual confounding by socioeconomic covariates cannot be excluded...

..However, drinkers have a lower risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) than abstainers, and there is very scanty information on how the risk changes after stopping drinking...

..These findings do not support a strong relationship between physical activity and endometrial cancer risk...

..55 (95% CI, 1.19-2.01) for subjects with MetS. Metabolic syndrome is related to pancreatic cancer risk. Diabetes is the key component related to risk...

..92, 95% CI: 0.75-1.14). The lack of relationship with dose and duration weighs against a causal association between coffee and pancreatic cancer, which is in agreement with most evidence on the issue...

..We sought to explore the relationship between age-related cataract extraction and the metabolic syndrome or its various components separately and in various combinations in an Italian case-control study...

..To provide information about the association of coffee, black tea with gastric cancer risk...

..Controversial information is available with reference to the role of type or yield of cigarettes on the risk of cardiovascular disease...

..We analyzed the relation between factors related to endogenous female hormones and the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI)...

..No significant heterogeneity was found for regular use of aspirin across strata of age and sex. This study, based on a large dataset, suggests that regular use of aspirin did not increase RCC risk...

..However, the quantitative estimates of the possible protective role of physical activity appear to vary across studies and populations...

..However the inverse association might involve confounding by indirect mechanisms, such as body composition or other social class correlates...

..Only two epidemiological studies considered the relation between dietary intake of allium vegetables and cardiovascular diseases...

..64 (95% CI, 0.48-0.86) for heavy coffee drinkers. The summary RR for an increase of 1 cup/d was 0.93 (95% CI, 0.89-0.97), which suggests an inverse relation between coffee and endometrial cancer. However, the causality must be confirmed...

..We investigated the relation between diabetes and the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, as epidemiological results are controversial and diabetes has been related to the risk of several neoplasms...

..2-3.9), although the heterogeneity test was not significant. The risk of stomach cancer was not increased in subjects with a family history of cancer at any other site. The OR for all sites excluding stomach was 1.0 (95% CI: 0.7-1.4)...

..To evaluate the relation between consumption of coffee and other methylxanthine-containing beverages and liver cirrhosis...

..CONCLUSIONS: Family history of IHD is an independent risk factor for AMI, and intervention on modifiable risk factors may be beneficial also in those with a family history of the disease...

..CONCLUSION: The present analysis provides evidence that the inverse relation between coffee and HCC is real, though inference on causality remains open to discussion...

..08 (95% CI 0.73-1.60) for case-control, 1.21 (95% CI 0.90-1.63) for cohort, and 1.16 (95% CI 0.93-1.45) for all studies. In conclusion, soft drink consumption is not materially related to pancreatic cancer risk...

..Although consumption of whole-grain foods seems to reduce the risk of several types of neoplasms, the potential influence of a diet rich in starches and refined grains is less clear...

..There is some evidence that dietary habits may influence the risk of endometrial cancer independently of body mass, although the role of diet on endometrial carcinogenesis is unclear...

..A clear assessment of AMI risk among female smokers is now of major public health importance, given the large number of women who smoke...

..70 for coffee, around 0.58 for decaffeinated coffee and 0.56-0.60 for tea intake. CONCLUSIONS: The FFQ is a satisfactorily reliable and valid instrument for collecting information on coffee, decaffeinated coffee and tea intake...

..The results of this study indicate that the risk of nonfatal AMI in women is inversely related to intake of beta-carotene containing foods, but not foods containing retinol...

..Tea is also rich in antioxidants, mainly polyphenols. To provide a quantitative overall estimate on the relation between coffee and tea consumption and glioma, we combined all published data, using a meta-analytic approach...

..It may reflect a real protection but also partly or largely be due to reverse causation, i.e. decreased coffee consumption among cases following the onset of bowel symptoms...

..Several case-control studies have examined the association between intake of selected macronutrients and stomach cancer, with inconsistent results regarding total energy, proteins, carbohydrates and fats...

..A high consumption of non-starchy vegetables and fruits likely decreases the risk of gastric cancer, but no specific constituent of plant foods has been consistently identified to explain this association...

..For none of the neoplasms considered was there a significant inverse relationship with red meat intake. Thus, reducing red meat intake might lower the risk for several common neoplasms...

..3; 95% CI 1.0-5.1) and all sites (OR = 1.6; 95% CI 1.4-1.9). Our results confirm the higher ovarian cancer risk in women with a family history of ovarian and breast cancer, and suggest a few associations with other sites...

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..Compared to non coffee drinkers, the multivariate odds ratio was 0.7 for drinkers of three or more cups per day...

..A role for inflammation, and consequently of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, in ovarian carcinogenesis has been proposed, but epidemiological evidence is scanty...

..A low risk diet for cardiovascular disease includes high consumption of fish, vegetables and fruit, and hence rich in ascorbic acid and other antioxidants, thus sharing several aspects with a favourable diet for cancer...

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..Of interest are the inverse associations with body mass index, age at menarche and time since last birth, the direct ones with age at first and last birth, and the higher risk of parous women compared with nulliparae...

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..Thus, the relationship between education and social class and risk of cancers of the colon and rectum was considered...

..To investigate the association between fiber intake and risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), also according to type and source of fiber, in a Mediterranean country...

..To evaluate the potential role of pizza consumption on the risk of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), we considered data from an Italian study...

..88 for women for the highest level of occupational physical activity at 30-39 years old compared with the lowest). This study confirms that occupational physical activity is protective against colon, but not against rectal cancer...

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..The excess risk in the first year was essentially due to gastric cancer. Post-marketing surveillance data for omeprazole and other proton pump inhibitors are much scantier than for H2-receptor antagonists, particularly on long-term use...

..CONCLUSIONS: This study confirms previous clinical observations, and provides a quantitative estimate of the association between use of oral contraceptives and focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver...

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..A separate analysis of 373 cases and 456 control below age 40 showed no association with ever use (RR = 0.9, 95% CI = 0.6-1.2)...

..This study provides limited but reassuring evidence on the possible relationship between oestrogen replacement treatment and subsequent risk of hepatocellular carcinoma...

..2%, 4.4%) and with still elevated BMI values (41.6 kg/m2). Although IET, compared to NET program, induced smaller reductions of blood pressure, it requires 30% daily training period and may possibly enhance long-term patient compliance...

..99-2.75) in the highest tertile; beta-carotene was inversely related to risk (OR 0.60, 95% CI 0.38-0.95) for the highest tertile. Thus, most risk factors for breast cancer in nulliparae were similar to those in women generally...

..Thus, our results confirm that coffee intake has a quantifiable protective effect on colon cancer risk...

..49 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.06-11.55) among men and 3.26 (95% CI 1.27-8.35) among women with a BMI > 30 kg m(-2) compared to those with BMI < or = 20 kg m(-2)...

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..To test the short-term effectiveness of a 3 week hospital-based body weight reduction (BWR) program on selected coronary heart disease (CHD) risk factors in obese subjects...

..We studied how the timing of alcohol consumption in relation to meals might affect the risk of MI in a population with relatively high regular alcohol consumption...

..The most common HPV type in genital cancers (HPV16) was also the most common in these tumors. The mechanism of transmission of HPV to the oral cavity warrants further investigation...