Marco Guerrini

..Current NMR and molecular modelling studies are being extended to longer heparin oligosaccharides as well as to heparins with "glycol-split" residues along their chains...

..The use of a high-sensitivity NMR spectrometer (600 MHz equipped with cryoprobe) allowed the accurate quantification of residues with sensitivity better than 1 to 2%...

..The presence of the second 3-O-sulfated glucosamine in the octasaccharide induced more than one order of magnitude increase in affinity to antithrombin compared to the pentasaccharide AGA*IA...

..As such, these techniques are powerful tools for the analysis and assessment of heparin preparations...

..Besides the well established ionic interactions, nonionic interactions may thus contribute to strengthen oligosaccharide-AT complexes...

..Thus, for each AT binding sequence longer than AGA*IA, the interactions with the protein could differ and give to each heparin fragment a specific biological response...

..The method was applied to profile the substitution patterns of K5-PS derivatives involving different degrees of N,O-sulfation and N-acetylation, including O-sulfated heparosans bearing free amino groups...

..The anti-FXa measured either in buffer or plasma milieu does not show any significant difference, suggesting that the inhibition of anti-FXa remains specific and biologically relevant...

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..We show that given the complexity of heparin samples, and the requirement to ensure their purity and safety, use of orthogonal analytical techniques is effective at detecting an array of potential contaminants that could be present...

..Thus, our study highlights the fact that the conformational plurality of IdoA is able toaccommodate the changes in the sulfation pattern to provide the necessary specificity for protein binding...

..These studies also confirm the crucial role of the 6-O-sulfate group on at least one glucosamine residue in the formation of the complex with FGF-1 but not with FGF-2...

..This study is therefore critical for establishing correlations between structural features of LMWHs and their AT-mediated anticoagulant activity...

..Finally, it inhibited angiogenesis in a chick embrio chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay in which heparin is inactive...

..Our analysis suggests effective screening methods that can be used to determine whether or not heparin lots contain the contaminant reported here...

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..We demonstrate that the integration of NMR and CE data sets with the help of the PEN framework dramatically reduces the number of experimental constraints required to arrive at an HS GAG oligosaccharide sequence...

..Whereas it inactivates the binding site for AT causing a drop of the anticoagulant activity, it enhances the HCII-associated activity of both heparin and dermatan sulfate...

..Moreover, the synthesis of the carboxymethyl and sulfo analogues of the title compounds is reported...

..There are also obvious potential applications for these findings in the biotechnology sphere...

..The two heparin/heparan sulfate recognition domains are potentially attractive targets for the development of heparanase inhibitors...

..Chembiochem, 5, 55-61). Fast internal motions observed for the less sulphated compound 2, as compared with 1, may be related to their different behavior in stimulating FGF1-induced mitogenic activity...

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..F-labeled heparin was displaced by unlabeled heparin from all three populations of leukocytes. Binding of heparin to leukocytes may play an important role in inflammation and atherosclerosis...

..Alpha-GlcpA-(1 --> 2)-alphabeta-Xy1p and alpha-GlcpA-(1 --> 2)-beta-Xylp-(1 --> 4)-alphabeta-Xylp were obtained via partial acid hydrolysis of SPN, showing the structure of side-chain substituents on O-2 of the main-chain units...

..endemic to Egypt were not cytotoxic against a variety of human cancer cells. However, dose-related modulation of lymphocyte proliferation was observed, and structure-activity relationships are described...