G Ciprandi

..The aim of this study was to evaluate serum specific-IgE in a large group of polysensitized patients with the same SPT result (such as ++++) comparing the two diagnostic methods...

..The aim of this study was to evaluate a large group of adult AR patients to investigate the frequency of response to bronchodilation test and FEF₂₅₋₇₅ values...

..This preliminary study demonstrates that serum neopterin could be a biomarker of immune activation in patients with SU or AD...

..0004 and 0.0031 respectively), symptomatic female patients showed significantly higher levels than normal females (p = 0.0002). This study provides the evidence that leptin serum levels depend on allergen exposure in SAR patients...

..The aim of this study was to verify the suitability of the use of the visual analog scales (VASs) as a surrogate for rhinomanometry in the decongestion test assessment in patients with persistent allergic rhinitis...

..Total IgE summed with tetanus specific IgE were significantly associated with allergy at 12 years. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that serum total IgE and tetanus specific IgE may be predictive of subsequent allergy onset...

..Thus, this study confirms the previous report and underlines the relevance of measuring recombinant birch allergen as higher values may suggest a reliable prediction of OAS...

..Therefore, when spirometry is abnormal, mainly concerning FEF25-75, sensitization should be suspected...

..IL-23 is a cytokine that may be implicated in modulating Th17 response. This study aimed at evaluating IL-23 and relating it to lung function in asthmatic children...

..Allergic rhinitis is characterized by a T(H)2-dependent inflammation. Nasal obstruction is a typical symptom of allergic rhinitis...

..Allergic rhinitis is characterized by a Th2-dependent inflammation. Nasal obstruction largely depends on allergic inflammation...

..Some studies reported a possible positive effect exerted by allergen-specific immunotherapy on OAS course, while others did not. A case of OAS case onset after starting sublingual immunotherapy is reported...

..Allergic rhinitis (AR) and asthma are frequently associated and characterized by a Th2-dependent inflammation. Nasal and bronchial obstruction may be objectively measured...

..In conclusion, these findings provide preliminary evidence that SIT is effective and safe in polysensitized patients after 1 year of treatment also using single extracts, and thus does not represent an obstacle for prescribing SIT...

..In addition, this study is the first that quantitatively evaluates the Ig classes...

..The aim of this study was to verify the suitability of the use of visual analog scales (VAS) as a surrogate for rhinomanometry in quantifying nasal obstruction in patients with persistent allergic rhinitis...

..Several studies have outlined a possible relationship between adipokines and respiratory allergic diseases. However, there are no data about a role for adipsin in allergic rhinitis...

..Finally, one of the major goals is to modify the TH2-biased immune response by improving the characteristics and modes of action of allergen immunotherapy...

..However, it has been previously reported that each single allergen may induce different clinical and pathophysiologic features...

..In conclusion, these results may be considered clinically relevant proof that SLIT treatment induces a quick reduction in Th2 polarization. Serum IL-4 appears to be an early marker of immunological response to SLIT...

..Bronchial obstruction is a characteristic of asthma and spirometry is a cardinal step in asthma diagnosis. However, spirometry is rarely suitable in medical office. Visual Analogue Scales (VAS) is frequently used in common practice...

..The purpose of the study was to evaluate the impact of the duration of rhinitis on the response to nasal decongestion test in a cohort of patients with PER...

..Several studies have outlined a possible relationship between an increased body mass index and respiratory allergic diseases, such as asthma and rhinitis...

..9). In conclusion, this pediatric study confirmed that impaired FEF(25-75) values might predict severe BHR in children, mainly in those with allergic rhinitis. Therefore, low FEF(25-75) values could suggest BHR in children...

..There are allergens that are frequent, but not prescribed. This issue should be matter of adequate debate for Italian paediatricians...

..Polysensitization is common in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and may affect clinical feature. However, there are patients who remain monosensitized...

..Seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) is characterised by an inflammation consequent to allergen exposure. Nitric oxide may be involved in allergic inflammation...

..Th17 is a subset of T helper lymphocytes exerting inflammatory activities. Recently, it has been reported that serum IL-17 levels are high in patients with severe birch allergy...

..In conclusion, the present study provides the first evidence that immunoglobulin production pattern depends on the specificity of the allergenic response...

..Therefore, this study provides clinically relevant evidence that two pre-seasonal SLIT courses may significantly affect serum TGF-beta levels...

..Allergic rhinitis (AR) is characterized by T helper 2 polarized immune response. The soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G) molecule has an immunomodulatory activity. However, so far, no study has investigated this activity in perennial AR (PAR)...

..The relevance of this phenomenon is further apparent, as it is also observed in patients with inactive disease...

..A remarkable relationship exists between the upper and lower airways. Bronchial obstruction is a paramount feature of asthma, and its reversibility is considered a main step in asthma diagnosis...

..Allergic rhinitis is characterized by Th2 polarization and defective IFN-gamma production. Specific immunotherapy determines an allergen-specific clinical improvement...

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..001) and medication use (p<0.01). In conclusion, these results may be considered clinically relevant as SLIT treatment may induce a quick IFN- gamma response that is related to clinical improvement...

..Allergic rhinitis (AR) is characterized by inflammatory events that lead to the onset of typical nasal symptoms, including itching, sneezing, rhinorrhea and obstruction...

..Therefore, the clinical implication of this study is that these soluble molecules might be interpreted as biomarker of response to SLIT...

..To date, however, no study has investigated there in AR patients during the pollen season...

..Patients were evaluated either outside the pollen season and after 1 preseasonal sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) course (38 subjects) or during the pollen season (57 subjects)...

..Therefore, also SLIT is able of exerting the effects on immune response as well as the subcutaneous route...

..However, reversibility testing requires a spirometer, which is rarely available in the doctor's office. Visual analog scales (VAS) are frequently used in daily practice...

..The aim of this study was to evaluate whether FeNO measurement is predictable for bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR) in children with allergic rhinitis, asthma, or both...

..The aim of the study was to compare the use of both a Face Related Scale (FRS), recorded by children and their parents, and a simplified Visual Analogue Scales (sVAS) with nasal endoscopy in children complaining nasal obstruction...

..However, that study was conducted in children. Therefore, the present study aimed at confirming these findings also in adult patients with persistent allergic rhinitis (PER)...

..The aim of this study was to follow up a group of patients with allergic rhinitis to investigate the onset of possible spirometric abnormalities and/or bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR)...

..Several studies have been published on the role of different adipokines on allergic diseases. We focus our review on the role of adipokines on asthma and allergic rhinitis...

..Conclusion This study provides evidence that impaired FEF25-75 values might predict severe BHR and BHR is related with FeNO in adolescents. Therefore, BHR should be suspected in adolescents with low FEF25-75 values...

..As reversibility is related with bronchial inflammation, this finding might underline a link between overweight and allergic inflammation...

..However, there are few studies in allergic rhinitis (AR). This study evaluated the serum neopterin levels in patients with pollen-induced AR or treated with sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) and in healthy subjects...

..Serum IL-9 levels are related to symptom severity in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR). This study aimed at investigating whether IL-9 may depend on allergen exposure...

..However, there are no data concerning QOL after sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) in polysensitized patients...

..Recently, it has been evidenced that the duration of AR and mite allergy represent high risks for spirometric impairment in allergic adults...

..Moreover, this is the first study that measured Ig classes by using a quantitative method...

..A single study reported that males with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR), evaluated outside the pollen season, had increased serum adiponectin levels...

..In particular, there is a subset co-expressing IL-17 and IFN-gamma both for CD4+ and CD8+ cells. In conclusion, this preliminary study suggests a possible role of Th-17 cells in the response to allergens in children...

..These positive results could explain the effectiveness of rupatadine in the treatment of persistent allergic rhinitis, as reported in a previous study Further controlled studies need to be conducted to confirm these preliminary findings...

..In conclusion, this preliminary study demonstrates that serum tryptophan metabolism could serve as a biomarker in patients with AR...

..The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of possible spirometric abnormalities and bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR) in a large group of patients with recent onset of AR...

..This open study provides evidence that polysensitization is not an obstacle for prescribing SLIT in polysensitized children. Indeed, SLIT efficacy on clinical parameters is significant after 1 year and the therapy is safe...

..The aim of this study was to assess forced expiratory flow at 25-75% (FEF(25-75)), forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEV(1)), and response to bronchodilation test in a large group of AR patients...

..Interleukin 10 (IL-10) plays a crucial role in inducing allergen-specific tolerance; however, no previous studies have examined IL-10 production after sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT)...

..SLIT should be able to induce a specific T-reg. response. SLIT is an alternative route of administration for SIT. Recent evidence shows that SLIT is also able to induce a T-reg. response as detected by IL-10 production...

..The aim of this study was to evaluate whether patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR) without symptoms of asthma might, nevertheless, have airways obstruction both in and out of the pollen season...

..Thus, the present study aimed at evaluating a group of subjects suffering from seasonal allergic rhinitis alone to investigate the presence of spirometric impairment and BHR both during and outside the pollen season...

..Taking these facts into consideration, a new diagnostic approach should be considered in managing patients with AR: a possible bronchial involvement must be sought in each patient...

..Allergic rhinitis and asthma are frequently associated and are characterized by TH2-dependent inflammation. Nasal and bronchial obstruction largely depend on allergic inflammation...

..94 +/- 1.37 and 4.85 days) (p = 0.0001 and p = 0.009, respectively). In conclusion, this study provides the evidence that allergic children have more numerous and severe RI than non-allergic children...

..Forced expiratory flow between 25% and 75% of the vital capacity (FEF(25-75)) may be considered a good marker of early bronchial involvement in patients with pure allergic rhinitis...

..Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma (ARIA) document underlines the link between upper and lower airways. Patients suffering from allergic rhinitis frequently (up to 80%) show bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR)...

..SIT is able of inducing a specific Treg response. Sublingual immunotherapy is an alternative route of administration for SIT. Recent evidence shows that SLIT is also able of inducing a Treg response as detected by IL-10 production...

..Rhinomanometry is used to measure nasal airflow, which is frequently impaired in allergic rhinitis (AR). Decongestion testing consists of spraying an intranasal vasoconstrictor drug to evaluate recovery of nasal airflow...

..The decongestion test involves spraying an intranasal vasoconstrictor drug to evaluate the recovery of nasal airflow...

..Allergic rhinitis is characterized by an IgE-dependent inflammation. Nasal obstruction is related to allergic inflammation. Some antihistamines have been demonstrated to be capable of improving this nasal symptom...

..338). This study provides evidence of a significant association between nasal eosinophils and the reversibility to the decongestion test in patients with PAR...

..Smaller airways may also be impaired in mild asthma. This study aimed at evaluating a group of subjects suffering from perennial allergic rhinitis alone to investigate the presence of BHR and spirometric impairment...

..While it is well known that asthma is characterized by airway remodeling, few studies instead have investigated this issue in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR)...

..0016 and p = 0.00294, respectively). This preliminary study provides the first evidence of a changed response to decongestion testing after SLIT that is associated with IL-10 production in patients with PAR...

..A T(H)2-polarized cytokine pattern has been demonstrated in allergic rhinitis. Budesonide represents an effective topical corticosteroid in the management of allergic rhinitis...

..The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible relationships between allergic inflammation, including inflammatory cells and cytokine pattern, and nasal airflow in patients with nasal obstruction due to seasonal allergic rhinitis...

..Moreover, quality of life (QoL) has been widely evaluated in AR and its evaluation is considered in numerous trials...

..However, this pilot study was not suitable in assessing the effectiveness of ebastine on nasal symptoms. Additional controlled studies need to be conducted to confirm these findings...

..Moreover, bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR) is frequently detected in AR patients...

..007). This study shows the cetirizine effectiveness in exerting anti-inflammatory activity by modulating cytokine pattern and by reducing inflammatory infiltration in children with perennial allergic rhinitis...

..Topical corticosteroids have been accepted as a highly effective anti-inflammatory therapy for allergic rhinitis...

..0002, 0.0033, and 0.009 respectively). CONCLUSION: This pilot study confirms reduced T cell proliferation in allergic subjects treated with SLIT...

..The polysensitization phenomenon starts since childhood and is rare to find monosensitized adult patients. However, there are few studies investigating the characteristics of polysensitized patients...

..76; p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Nasal cytology may be considered a non-invasive tool to assess airway inflammation in mild asthmatics with associated allergic rhinitis...

..Thus, these findings are the first evidence of the impact on airflow and the decongestant activity exerted by levocetirizine in persistent allergic rhinitis...

..The recent introduction of biological treatments (monoclonal antibodies) has allowed elucidation of some of the pathogenic features of allergic asthma...

..002). In conclusion, cetirizine administered daily for prolonged periods (i.e. 3 years) may decrease the development of new sensitisations in monosensitised children, showing a potential effect of tertiary prevention of allergy...

..This effect could be considered relevant for long term allergic inflammation control and of interest when treating EIA with concomitant PAR...

..A functional defect of T regulatory cells (Treg) has been proposed as pathogenic mechanism of allergic reaction. Polysensitization is a common feature of allergic patients...

..These findings constitute first evidence of the relationship between nasal airflow impairment and Th2-related eosinophilic inflammation in children with persistent allergic rhinitis because of mite sensitization...

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..Therefore, the management of AR patients should be rigorously careful and multi-disciplinary...

..This study was aimed at evaluating a large group of patients with moderate-to-severe and persistent allergic rhinitis alone for investigating the presence of spirometric abnormalities and possible risk factors related to it...

..Recently, it has been reported that serum interleukin (IL)-17 levels are high in the most severe cases of birch allergy studied outside the pollen season...