Michal Schwartz

Summary

Affiliation: Weizmann Institute of Science
Country: Israel

Publications

  1. ncbi Neuroprotection as a treatment for glaucoma: pharmacological and immunological approaches
    M Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Eur J Ophthalmol 11:S7-11. 2001
  2. ncbi Immune cells contribute to the maintenance of neurogenesis and spatial learning abilities in adulthood
    Yaniv Ziv
    Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    Nat Neurosci 9:268-75. 2006
  3. ncbi Vaccine for the mind: Immunity against self at the choroid plexus for erasing biochemical consequences of stressful episodes
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Hum Vaccin Immunother 8:1465-8. 2012
  4. ncbi Modulating the immune system: a vaccine for glaucoma?
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Can J Ophthalmol 42:439-41. 2007
  5. ncbi Protective autoimmunity and neuroprotection in inflammatory and noninflammatory neurodegenerative diseases
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    J Neurol Sci 233:163-6. 2005
  6. ncbi Self and non-self discrimination is needed for the existence rather than deletion of autoimmunity: the role of regulatory T cells in protective autoimmunity
    M Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Cell Mol Life Sci 61:2285-9. 2004
  7. ncbi A common vaccine for fighting neurodegenerative disorders: recharging immunity for homeostasis
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Trends Pharmacol Sci 25:407-12. 2004
  8. ncbi Optic nerve crush: protection and regeneration
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    Brain Res Bull 62:467-71. 2004
  9. ncbi Protective autoimmunity against the enemy within: fighting glutamate toxicity
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
    Trends Neurosci 26:297-302. 2003
  10. ncbi Neuroprotection as a treatment for glaucoma: pharmacological and immunological approaches
    M Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Eur J Ophthalmol 13:S27-31. 2003

Detail Information

Publications107 found, 100 shown here

  1. ncbi Neuroprotection as a treatment for glaucoma: pharmacological and immunological approaches
    M Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Eur J Ophthalmol 11:S7-11. 2001
    ..Primary open-angle glaucoma is a chronic, progressive optic neuropathy associated with a gradual decline in visual functions, which may lead to blindness...
  2. ncbi Immune cells contribute to the maintenance of neurogenesis and spatial learning abilities in adulthood
    Yaniv Ziv
    Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    Nat Neurosci 9:268-75. 2006
    ....
  3. ncbi Vaccine for the mind: Immunity against self at the choroid plexus for erasing biochemical consequences of stressful episodes
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Hum Vaccin Immunother 8:1465-8. 2012
    ..Here, we suggest that immunomodulation of this site by active immunization could protect against stressful episodes, thereby providing a therapeutic, as well as preventive, vaccine for the mind against stress and depression...
  4. ncbi Modulating the immune system: a vaccine for glaucoma?
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Can J Ophthalmol 42:439-41. 2007
    ..The vaccine induces a beneficial immune response that recruits immune effector cells to counteract or neutralize many of the compounds and factors that contribute to ongoing destruction, and in addition supports cell renewal and repair...
  5. ncbi Protective autoimmunity and neuroprotection in inflammatory and noninflammatory neurodegenerative diseases
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    J Neurol Sci 233:163-6. 2005
    ..We also offer an explanation for the commonly observed presence of cells and antibodies directed against self-components in healthy individuals...
  6. ncbi Self and non-self discrimination is needed for the existence rather than deletion of autoimmunity: the role of regulatory T cells in protective autoimmunity
    M Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Cell Mol Life Sci 61:2285-9. 2004
    ..Whereas a response to non-self can be self-limited by a decreased presence of the relevant antigen, the response to self needs a mechanism for strict control, such as that provided by the naturally occurring regulatory T cells...
  7. ncbi A common vaccine for fighting neurodegenerative disorders: recharging immunity for homeostasis
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Trends Pharmacol Sci 25:407-12. 2004
    ..Boosting of relevant T cells by vaccination could thus "recharge" a deteriorating immune system that has to contend with an increasing number of risk factors...
  8. ncbi Optic nerve crush: protection and regeneration
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    Brain Res Bull 62:467-71. 2004
    ..Optimal functional recovery requires the application of a proper combination of neuroprotection and neuroregeneration...
  9. ncbi Protective autoimmunity against the enemy within: fighting glutamate toxicity
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
    Trends Neurosci 26:297-302. 2003
    ....
  10. ncbi Neuroprotection as a treatment for glaucoma: pharmacological and immunological approaches
    M Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Eur J Ophthalmol 13:S27-31. 2003
    ..Immunologic intervention boosts the body's repair mechanisms for counteracting the toxicity of physiologic compounds acting as stress signals...
  11. ncbi Macrophages and microglia in central nervous system injury: are they helpful or harmful?
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 23:385-94. 2003
    ....
  12. ncbi Neurodegeneration and neuroprotection in glaucoma: development of a therapeutic neuroprotective vaccine: the Friedenwald lecture
    Michal Schwartz
    Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 44:1407-11. 2003
  13. ncbi T cell-based therapeutic vaccination for spinal cord injury
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    Prog Brain Res 137:401-6. 2002
    ..T cells can also regulate other immune cells in a way that favors tissue maintenance and repair...
  14. ncbi Autoimmunity on alert: naturally occurring regulatory CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells as part of the evolutionary compromise between a 'need' and a 'risk'
    Michal Schwartz
    Dept of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Trends Immunol 23:530-4. 2002
    ..Downregulation or upregulation of CD4(+)CD25(+) Tr cells might be a way to achieve better protection from neurodegenerative conditions induced by self-destruction or avoid autoimmune inflammatory disease development, respectively...
  15. ncbi Lessons for glaucoma from other neurodegenerative diseases: can one treatment suit them all?
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    J Glaucoma 14:321-3. 2005
    ....
  16. ncbi T-cell-based vaccination for morphological and functional neuroprotection in a rat model of chronically elevated intraocular pressure
    Sharon Bakalash
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
    J Mol Med (Berl) 83:904-16. 2005
    ..This protection is manifested both morphologically and functionally. These findings can be readily implemented for the development of a therapeutic vaccination to arrest the progression of glaucoma...
  17. ncbi Therapeutic T cell-based vaccination for neurodegenerative disorders: the role of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    Ann N Y Acad Sci 1051:701-8. 2005
    ....
  18. ncbi Systemic inflammatory cells fight off neurodegenerative disease
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Herzl Street, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    Nat Rev Neurol 6:405-10. 2010
    ..Thus, we propose that an appreciation of the distinctive temporal and spatial contributions of resident and systemic leukocytes to disease progression is essential for the development of effective therapeutic regimens...
  19. ncbi Protective autoimmunity functions by intracranial immunosurveillance to support the mind: The missing link between health and disease
    M Schwartz
    The Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
    Mol Psychiatry 15:342-54. 2010
    ..Accordingly, the brain's 'privilege' is its acquisition of a private peripheral immunological niche under its own control, which supports brain function. Immune malfunction may comprise a missing link between a healthy and diseased mind...
  20. ncbi "Tissue-repairing" blood-derived macrophages are essential for healing of the injured spinal cord: from skin-activated macrophages to infiltrating blood-derived cells?
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Brain Behav Immun 24:1054-7. 2010
    ..Thus, boosting the levels of the relevant blood monocytes reinforces the body's own repair mechanisms that, for reasons that are currently under investigation, are not optimally triggered within the critical post-injury period...
  21. ncbi Boosting T-cell immunity as a therapeutic approach for neurodegenerative conditions: the role of innate immunity
    M Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Herzl Street, Rehovot, Israel, 76100
    Neuroscience 158:1133-42. 2009
    ....
  22. ncbi Glaucoma as a neuropathy amenable to neuroprotection and immune manipulation
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Prog Brain Res 173:375-84. 2008
    ..Worldwide, it is estimated that about 66.8 million people have visual impairment as a result of glaucoma, with 6.7 million suffering from blindness...
  23. ncbi Immunity to self and self-maintenance: what can tumor immunology teach us about ALS and Alzheimer's disease?
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
    Trends Pharmacol Sci 29:287-93. 2008
    ..Identifying the immune escape mechanisms and circumventing them soon after the emergence of clinical symptoms could lead to the development of novel therapeutic intervention for some of the most devastating neurodegenerative disorders...
  24. ncbi Immunity to self and self-maintenance: a unified theory of brain pathologies
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    Trends Immunol 29:211-9. 2008
    ..We further suggest a model that explains how immunity to self exerts its roles in the special immune-privileged context of the CNS...
  25. ncbi Does inflammation in an autoimmune disease differ from inflammation in neurodegenerative diseases? Possible implications for therapy
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
    J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 1:4-10. 2006
    ....
  26. ncbi Immune-based therapy for spinal cord repair: autologous macrophages and beyond
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    J Neurotrauma 23:360-70. 2006
    ..The treatment of choice depends on the severity of the insult, the site of injury, the therapeutic window, and safety considerations...
  27. ncbi Microglial phenotype: is the commitment reversible?
    Michal Schwartz
    The Weizmann Institute of Science, POB 26, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
    Trends Neurosci 29:68-74. 2006
    ....
  28. ncbi Multiple sclerosis as a by-product of the failure to sustain protective autoimmunity: a paradigm shift
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Neuroscientist 8:405-13. 2002
    ..The therapeutic implications of the new concept and their experimental findings are discussed...
  29. ncbi Immunological approaches to the treatment of spinal cord injury
    M Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    BioDrugs 15:585-93. 2001
    ..Recently, our research group found a way to boost the T-cell-mediated autoimmune protection while avoiding the risk of autoimmune disease...
  30. ncbi Protective autoimmunity as a T-cell response to central nervous system trauma: prospects for therapeutic vaccines
    M Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
    Prog Neurobiol 65:489-96. 2001
    ..Boosting of this autoimmune response is potentially a powerful strategy for neuroprotective therapy...
  31. ncbi Physiological approaches to neuroprotection. boosting of protective autoimmunity
    M Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Surv Ophthalmol 45:S256-60; discussion S273-6. 2001
    ..Safe synthetic peptides that resemble self-antigens and are cross-activated by CNS-associated self antigens may be a useful starting point for the development of anti-self immunity for neuroprotective purposes...
  32. ncbi T cell mediated neuroprotection is a physiological response to central nervous system insults
    M Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    J Mol Med (Berl) 78:594-7. 2001
    ....
  33. ncbi Harnessing the immune system for neuroprotection: therapeutic vaccines for acute and chronic neurodegenerative disorders
    M Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Cell Mol Neurobiol 21:617-27. 2001
    ....
  34. ncbi Application of glatiramer acetate to neurodegenerative diseases beyond multiple sclerosis: the need for disease-specific approaches
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    BioDrugs 22:293-9. 2008
    ....
  35. ncbi Beneficial immune activity after CNS injury: prospects for vaccination
    M Schwartz
    Department of Neuroimmunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    J Neuroimmunol 113:185-92. 2001
    ....
  36. ncbi Protective autoimmunity: regulation and prospects for vaccination after brain and spinal cord injuries
    M Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
    Trends Mol Med 7:252-8. 2001
    ..Such therapeutic vaccination ensures that the augmented beneficial autoimmunity will be free of accompanying disease...
  37. ncbi Neuroprotective autoimmunity: naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells suppress the ability to withstand injury to the central nervous system
    Jonathan Kipnis
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99:15620-5. 2002
    ..The regulatory T cells might represent an evolutionary compromise between the need to avoid autoimmune diseases and the need for autoimmunity on alert for the purpose of tissue maintenance...
  38. ncbi A sulfated disaccharide derived from chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan protects against inflammation-associated neurodegeneration
    Asya Rolls
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    FASEB J 20:547-9. 2006
    ....
  39. ncbi Glatiramer acetate fights against Alzheimer's disease by inducing dendritic-like microglia expressing insulin-like growth factor 1
    Oleg Butovsky
    Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:11784-9. 2006
    ..These results suggest that dendritic-like microglia, by facilitating the necessary adjustment, might contribute significantly to the brain's resistance to AD and argue against the use of antiinflammatory drugs...
  40. ncbi Antigenic specificity of immunoprotective therapeutic vaccination for glaucoma
    Sharon Bakalash
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 44:3374-81. 2003
    ..This suggests that the site of primary degeneration in IOP-induced RGC loss is in the eye. Cop-1 vaccination apparently circumvents the site-specificity barrier and provides protection without risk of inducing autoimmune disease...
  41. ncbi Dopamine, through the extracellular signal-regulated kinase pathway, downregulates CD4+CD25+ regulatory T-cell activity: implications for neurodegeneration
    Jonathan Kipnis
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    J Neurosci 24:6133-43. 2004
    ..g., in neuronal degeneration) or for strengthening it (in autoimmune diseases)...
  42. ncbi Induction and blockage of oligodendrogenesis by differently activated microglia in an animal model of multiple sclerosis
    Oleg Butovsky
    Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    J Clin Invest 116:905-15. 2006
    ..The newly formed oligodendrocytes were spatially associated with MG expressing MHC class II proteins and IGF-I. These results point to what we believe to be a novel role for MG in oligodendrogenesis from the endogenous stem cell pool...
  43. ncbi Chondroitin sulfate-derived disaccharide protects retinal cells from elevated intraocular pressure in aged and immunocompromised rats
    Sharon Bakalash
    Departments of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 48:1181-90. 2007
    ..The authors examined the ability of this compound (CSPG-DS) to protect retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) from death caused by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP)...
  44. ncbi Vaccination with dendritic cells pulsed with peptides of myelin basic protein promotes functional recovery from spinal cord injury
    Ehud Hauben
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    J Neurosci 23:8808-19. 2003
    ....
  45. ncbi Synergy between immune cells and adult neural stem/progenitor cells promotes functional recovery from spinal cord injury
    Yaniv Ziv
    Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:13174-9. 2006
    ....
  46. ncbi Two faces of chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan in spinal cord repair: a role in microglia/macrophage activation
    Asya Rolls
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    PLoS Med 5:e171. 2008
    ..This hypothesis is tested in the present study...
  47. ncbi Low-dose gamma-irradiation promotes survival of injured neurons in the central nervous system via homeostasis-driven proliferation of T cells
    Jonathan Kipnis
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Eur J Neurosci 19:1191-8. 2004
    ....
  48. ncbi Microglia can be induced by IFN-gamma or IL-4 to express neural or dendritic-like markers
    Oleg Butovsky
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    Mol Cell Neurosci 35:490-500. 2007
    ..This study emphasizes that microglial plasticity includes their ability to give rise to neural-like cells and shows that cytokines produced by the adaptive immune system are involved in these processes...
  49. ncbi Dual effect of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells in neurodegeneration: a dialogue with microglia
    Jonathan Kipnis
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101:14663-9. 2004
    ..Therefore, therapeutic intervention based on induction of regulatory T cells might have limitations...
  50. ncbi Infiltrating blood-derived macrophages are vital cells playing an anti-inflammatory role in recovery from spinal cord injury in mice
    Ravid Shechter
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    PLoS Med 6:e1000113. 2009
    ..The hypothesis of the current study is that a specific population of infiltrating monocyte-derived MPhi is functionally distinct from the inflammatory resident microglia and is essential for recovery from SCI...
  51. ncbi Vaccination as a novel approach for treating depressive behavior
    Gil M Lewitus
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Biol Psychiatry 65:283-8. 2009
    ..On the basis of these findings, we hypothesized that controlling CNS specific immune activity by immunization with a myelin-related peptide may have an antidepressant effect...
  52. ncbi Myelin specific Th1 cells are necessary for post-traumatic protective autoimmunity
    Jonathan Kipnis
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
    J Neuroimmunol 130:78-85. 2002
    ..By identifying the additional cellular component of autoimmune neuroprotection, we may be able to take meaningful steps toward achieving neuroprotection without risk of accompanying autoimmune disease...
  53. ncbi Toll-like receptor 4 restricts retinal progenitor cell proliferation
    Ravid Shechter
    Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    J Cell Biol 183:393-400. 2008
    ..Thus, our study attributes a novel role to TLR4 as a negative regulator of RPC proliferation...
  54. ncbi The therapeutic window after spinal cord injury can accommodate T cell-based vaccination and methylprednisolone in rats
    Antonio Ibarra
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    Eur J Neurosci 19:2984-90. 2004
    ..These results demonstrate that the therapeutic window after SCI can accommodate immediate administration of MP plus a delayed therapeutic vaccination...
  55. ncbi Immunomodulation by poly-YE reduces organophosphate-induced brain damage
    Arseny Finkelstein
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
    Brain Behav Immun 26:159-69. 2012
    ..These results suggest therapeutic intervention with poly-YE as an immunomodulatory supplementary approach against consequences of organophosphate-induced brain damage...
  56. ncbi Neuroprotection induced by mucosal tolerance is epitope-dependent: conflicting effects in different strains
    Gil M Lewitus
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    J Neuroimmunol 175:31-8. 2006
    ....
  57. ncbi The tissue-specific self-pathogen is the protective self-antigen: the case of uveitis
    Tal Mizrahi
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    J Immunol 169:5971-7. 2002
    ..g., glutamate) can be inferred from the specificity of the autoimmune disease associated with the site at which the stress occurs (irrespectively of the type of stress) and is in need of help...
  58. ncbi Reducing post-traumatic anxiety by immunization
    Gil M Lewitus
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
    Brain Behav Immun 22:1108-14. 2008
    ....
  59. ncbi Selective ablation of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells increases amyloid plaques in a mouse Alzheimer's disease model
    Oleg Butovsky
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    Eur J Neurosci 26:413-6. 2007
    ..Thus, recruitment of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells evidently plays a role in reducing plaque formation in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease...
  60. ncbi Vaccination with autoantigen protects against aggregated beta-amyloid and glutamate toxicity by controlling microglia: effect of CD4+CD25+ T cells
    Hila Avidan
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Eur J Immunol 34:3434-45. 2004
    ..Alzheimer's and other neurodegenerative diseases might be arrested or retarded by vaccination with Cop-1 or related compounds or by treatment with compounds that weaken Treg suppression...
  61. ncbi Toll-like receptors modulate adult hippocampal neurogenesis
    Asya Rolls
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    Nat Cell Biol 9:1081-8. 2007
    ..Thus, our study identified TLRs as players in adult neurogenesis and emphasizes their specified and diverse role in cell renewal...
  62. ncbi The glial scar-monocyte interplay: a pivotal resolution phase in spinal cord repair
    Ravid Shechter
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    PLoS ONE 6:e27969. 2011
    ..This cross-regulation between the glial scar and monocytes primes the resolution of this interim phase of spinal cord repair, thereby providing a fundamental platform for the dynamic healing response...
  63. ncbi New GABAergic interneurons supported by myelin-specific T cells are formed in intact adult spinal cord
    Ravid Shechter
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    Stem Cells 25:2277-82. 2007
    ..These observations provide evidence for in vivo spinal cord neurogenesis under nonpathological conditions and introduce novel mechanisms regulating adult spinal cord plasticity...
  64. ncbi Activation of microglia by aggregated beta-amyloid or lipopolysaccharide impairs MHC-II expression and renders them cytotoxic whereas IFN-gamma and IL-4 render them protective
    Oleg Butovsky
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    Mol Cell Neurosci 29:381-93. 2005
    ....
  65. ncbi Immune-related mechanisms participating in resistance and susceptibility to glutamate toxicity
    Hadas Schori
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Eur J Neurosci 16:557-64. 2002
    ..It might suggest that, because of individual differences, the pharmacological use of NMDA-antagonist for neuroprotective purposes might have an adverse effect, even if the affinity is low...
  66. ncbi Beneficial effect of orally administered myelin basic protein in EAE-susceptible Lewis rats in a model of acute CNS degeneration
    Alon Monsonego
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    J Autoimmun 21:131-8. 2003
    ..Oral immunization with MBP can be viewed as a way to control the autoimmunity capable of fighting off the consequences of CNS injury in EAE-susceptible strains...
  67. ncbi Controlled autoimmunity in CNS maintenance and repair: naturally occurring CD4+CD25+ regulatory T-Cells at the crossroads of health and disease
    Jonathan Kipnis
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Neuromolecular Med 7:197-206. 2005
    ..In line with this notion, the regulatory T-cells are thought to allow autoimmunity to exist in healthy individuals without causing an autoimmune disease. This proposed immune scenario and its implications for therapy are discussed...
  68. ncbi Autoreactive T cells induce neurotrophin production by immune and neural cells in injured rat optic nerve: implications for protective autoimmunity
    Rina Barouch
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    FASEB J 16:1304-6. 2002
    ....
  69. ncbi Sell Memorial Lecture. Helping the body to cure itself: immune modulation by therapeutic vaccination for spinal cord injury
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    J Spinal Cord Med 26:S6-10. 2003
  70. ncbi Model of acute injury to study neuroprotection
    Michal Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Methods Mol Biol 399:41-53. 2007
    ..This approach is collectively termed neuroprotection. In this chapter, we present a view of experimental paradigms used to study neuroprotection...
  71. ncbi Neuronal survival after CNS insult is determined by a genetically encoded autoimmune response
    J Kipnis
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    J Neurosci 21:4564-71. 2001
    ..They also obviously have far-reaching clinical implications in terms of prognosis and individual therapy...
  72. ncbi Accumulation of passively transferred primed T cells independently of their antigen specificity following central nervous system trauma
    D L Hirschberg
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    J Neuroimmunol 89:88-96. 1998
    ..The effect of the T cells on the damaged nerve, the lack of selectivity in T cell accumulation and the mechanism underlying non-selective accumulation are discussed...
  73. ncbi Resistance of retinal ganglion cells to an increase in intraocular pressure is immune-dependent
    Sharon Bakalash
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 43:2648-53. 2002
    ..The results have far-reaching prognostic and therapeutic implications...
  74. ncbi T cell deficiency leads to cognitive dysfunction: implications for therapeutic vaccination for schizophrenia and other psychiatric conditions
    Jonathan Kipnis
    Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101:8180-5. 2004
    ..These findings point to critical factors likely to contribute to age- and AIDS-related dementias and might herald the development of a therapeutic vaccination for fighting off cognitive dysfunction and psychiatric conditions...
  75. ncbi Dual action of glatiramer acetate (Cop-1) in the treatment of CNS autoimmune and neurodegenerative disorders
    Jonathan Kipnis
    Dept of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    Trends Mol Med 8:319-23. 2002
    ....
  76. ncbi Pattern electroretinography in a rat model of ocular hypertension: functional evidence for early detection of inner retinal damage
    Gil Ben-Shlomo
    Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Herzl Street, P.O. Box 12, Rehovot 76100, Israel
    Exp Eye Res 81:340-9. 2005
    ....
  77. ncbi Early activation of microglia as antigen-presenting cells correlates with T cell-mediated protection and repair of the injured central nervous system
    Iftach Shaked
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    J Neuroimmunol 146:84-93. 2004
    ..We suggest that such microglial activity, if well controlled, is a crucial step in determining the fate of the neurons in a hostile environment...
  78. ncbi Beneficial autoimmune T cells and posttraumatic neuroprotection
    M Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    Ann N Y Acad Sci 917:341-7. 2000
    ..In the following I will summarize the data that led to this concept and describe the evidence supporting it...
  79. ncbi The remedy may lie in ourselves: prospects for immune cell therapy in central nervous system protection and repair
    M Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    J Mol Med (Berl) 77:713-7. 1999
    ..It is expected that these self-adjusting cells will communicate with the damaged tissue, monitor tissue needs, and control the dynamic course of CNS healing...
  80. ncbi 'Axogenic' and 'somagenic' neurodegenerative diseases: definitions and therapeutic implications
    M Schwartz
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
    Mol Med Today 5:470-3. 1999
    ....
  81. ncbi Vaccination for protection of retinal ganglion cells against death from glutamate cytotoxicity and ocular hypertension: implications for glaucoma
    H Schori
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98:3398-403. 2001
    ....
  82. ncbi Post-intoxication vaccination for protection of neurons against the toxicity of nerve agents
    Hadas Schori
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    Toxicol Sci 87:163-8. 2005
    ....
  83. ncbi Severe immunodeficiency has opposite effects on neuronal survival in glutamate-susceptible and -resistant mice: adverse effect of B cells
    Hadas Schori
    Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    J Immunol 169:2861-5. 2002
    ..These findings have clear implications for the design of immune-based therapies for CNS injury...
  84. ncbi A disaccharide derived from chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan promotes central nervous system repair in rats and mice
    Asya Rolls
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    Eur J Neurosci 20:1973-83. 2004
    ..Our results suggest that treatment with CSPG-DS might provide a way to promote post-traumatic recovery, via multiple cellular targets...
  85. ncbi T-cell-based immunity counteracts the potential toxicity of glutamate in the central nervous system
    H Schori
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
    J Neuroimmunol 119:199-204. 2001
    ..This may represent a prototype mechanism for the physiological regulation of potentially destructive CNS events by T-cell-mediated immune activity, when the local buffering mechanisms cannot adequately cope with them...
  86. ncbi Increased post-traumatic survival of neurons in IL-6-knockout mice on a background of EAE susceptibility
    J Fisher
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
    J Neuroimmunol 119:1-9. 2001
    ....
  87. ncbi Posttraumatic therapeutic vaccination with modified myelin self-antigen prevents complete paralysis while avoiding autoimmune disease
    E Hauben
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    J Clin Invest 108:591-9. 2001
    ....
  88. ncbi Protective autoimmunity is a physiological response to CNS trauma
    E Yoles
    Department of Neurobiology and Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100 Rehovot, Israel
    J Neurosci 21:3740-8. 2001
    ..3%) in mice overexpressing a T cell receptor for the non-self antigen ovalbumin than in matched wild types. Taken together, the results imply that CNS injury evokes a T cell-dependent neuroprotective response...
  89. ncbi Vaccination for neuroprotection in the mouse optic nerve: implications for optic neuropathies
    J Fisher
    Departments of Neurobiology and Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    J Neurosci 21:136-42. 2001
    ..Application of these findings might lead to a promising new approach for treating optic neuropathies such as glaucoma...
  90. ncbi Sexual dimorphism in the spontaneous recovery from spinal cord injury: a gender gap in beneficial autoimmunity?
    Ehud Hauben
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Eur J Neurosci 16:1731-40. 2002
    ..We suggest that females, which are more prone to develop autoimmune response than males, benefit from this response in cases of CNS insults...
  91. ncbi Therapeutic vaccination for closed head injury
    Jonathan Kipnis
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    J Neurotrauma 20:559-69. 2003
    ..We suggest that a compound such as Cop-1 can be safely developed as a therapeutic vaccine to boost the body's immune repair mechanisms, thereby providing multifactorial protection against the consequences of brain trauma...
  92. ncbi Vaccination with a Nogo-A-derived peptide after incomplete spinal-cord injury promotes recovery via a T-cell-mediated neuroprotective response: comparison with other myelin antigens
    E Hauben
    Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
    Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98:15173-8. 2001
    ....
  93. ncbi Diffusion anisotropy MRI for quantitative assessment of recovery in injured rat spinal cord
    U Nevo
    Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Magn Reson Med 45:1-9. 2001
    ..These results encourage the development of diffusion anisotropy MRI as a helpful approach for quantifying the extent of secondary degeneration and measuring recovery after spinal cord injury. Magn Reson Med 45:1-9, 2001...
  94. ncbi Thrombin attenuation is neuroprotective in the injured rat optic nerve
    I Friedmann
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    J Neurochem 76:641-9. 2001
    ....
  95. ncbi Macrophages and dendritic cells treatment of spinal cord injury: from the bench to the clinic
    M Schwartz
    Department Neurophysiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Acta Neurochir Suppl 93:147-50. 2005
    ..A cell therapy consisting of autologous incubated macrophages is now being tested on spinal cord injury patients in clinical trials...
  96. ncbi T cell-mediated neuroprotection involves antithrombin activity
    I Friedmann
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
    J Neuroimmunol 121:12-21. 2001
    ....
  97. ncbi Behavioral immunization: immunity to self-antigens contributes to psychological stress resilience
    G M Lewitus
    Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Mol Psychiatry 14:532-6. 2009
    ....
  98. ncbi Age-dependent spatial memory loss can be partially restored by immune activation
    N Ron-Harel
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    Rejuvenation Res 11:903-13. 2008
    ..Thus, our results identify a novel function of the immune system in the maintenance of spatial memory and suggest an original approach for arresting or reversing age-associated memory loss...
  99. ncbi Self-Protective mechanism awakened by glutamate in retinal ganglion cells
    E Yoles
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    J Neurotrauma 18:339-49. 2001
    ....
  100. ncbi Dysregulation of kisspeptin and neurogenesis at adolescence link inborn immune deficits to the late onset of abnormal sensorimotor gating in congenital psychological disorders
    M Cardon
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
    Mol Psychiatry 15:415-25. 2010
    ..Our results suggest that a form of congenital immune deficiency may be a key factor that determines manifestation of developmental neuropsychological disorders with onset only at early adulthood...
  101. ncbi Protective autoimmunity: interferon-gamma enables microglia to remove glutamate without evoking inflammatory mediators
    I Shaked
    Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
    J Neurochem 92:997-1009. 2005
    ..These findings suggest that T cells or their cytokines can cause microglia to adopt a phenotype that facilitates rather than impairs glutamate clearance, possibly contributing to restoration of homeostasis...