Sunit Singhi

..Provision of critical care to children with ABM may reduce the mortality significantly as experienced by us...

..6%) and diplegia (15.8%). Epilepsy in cerebral palsy is seen in about one third of cases; it is often severe and difficult to control particularly in children with mental retardation...

..To evaluate the health related quality of life of children after intensive care and to assess their long term survival...

..The outcome depends on the underlying etiology, age, rapidity of SE and adequacy of care. Adherence to a time-framed protocol in the emergency department helps in improving the final outcome...

..Our data support the assumption that observation is as reliable as auscultation for counting RR...

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..To study value of electroencephalogram (EEG) and computed tomography (CT Scan) in predicting outcome of non-traumatic coma in children...

..There was no difference in seizure recurrence after 1 vs. 2 years of AED therapy. Combination of persistent/calcified CT lesion and abnormal EEG prior to AED withdrawal was the best predictor of seizure recurrence...

..3 per cent) compared with normocalcaemic (7.5 per cent) patients (p < 0.05). We conclude that hypocalcaemia is common in critically ill children admitted to a PICU and is associated with higher mortality...

..Children in the corticosteroid group had significantly more seizure recurrences while on antiepilepsy drugs...

..Presence of shock or acute liver failure with coagulopathy and/or severe acidosis predicted all the four deaths. Desferrioxamine infusion and supportive care of shock was the mainstay...

..We concluded that diarrhea and AR1 continue to be the most important reasons for utilization of pediatric emergency service at a primary as well as a tertiary care hospital...

..05). We conclude that hypomagnesaemia and low RBC-Mg are a common occurrence in PICU patients and are associated with higher mortality...

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..To determine changes in total and extracellular body water, plasma volume and sodium in children with severe and very severe pneumonia, and examine the association between these changes and oxygenation...

..However, midazolam was associated with more seizure recurrence and higher mortality in refractory status epilepticus predominantly caused by central nervous system infections...

..In India WS is often diagnosed late because of lack of awareness. Adverse perinatal events are important etiological factors. Non-affordability of ACTH and Vigabatrin prompts the use of prednisolone in most cases...

..To examine efficacy of itraconazole in the treatment of candidemia in critically ill children...

..Seven days ceftriaxone therapy may be recommended for uncomplicated ABM in children in developing countries...

..Despite the alarming lesions on the MRI, prompt control of hypertension carries a uniformly favourable prognosis...

..We conclude that PCR is a sensitive and specific diagnostic tool that may be valuable in a population with high pre-hospital antibiotic usage...

..Observations in small, uncontrolled clinical trials that short course therapy is as effective as longer regimens must be tested by proper trials...

..Neurocysticercosis must be considered in the differential diagnosis of seizures and a wide variety of neurologic disorders, particularly in endemic areas...

..Children with ABM who have a Glasgow coma score <8, clinical signs of raised ICP, refractory status epilepticus, shock and/or respiratory compromise should be prioritised to receive PIC...

..To study the efficacy of low-dose intravenous hydrocortisone therapy in the management of pediatric septic shock with respect to the time taken for shock reversal and requirement of inotropes...

..CONCLUSIONS: Two thirds of children with diabetic ketoacidosis in our series had new-onset diabetes, and 13.2% died. Serum osmolality at admission was the most important predictor of death...

..Extraparenchymal NCC has a guarded prognosis but it is rare in children. In endemic areas NCC must be considered in the differential diagnosis of seizures and various other neurological disorders...

..When pharmacological coma is initiated, the child needs to be shifted to pediatric intensive care unit for proper monitoring and titration of medications...

..Evaluation of newer antifungal agents and precise role of prophylactic therapy in ICU patients is needed...

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..A combination of albendazole and praziquantel was more effective than albendazole alone in destroying Taenia cysts in an animal model. There are no such studies in humans...

..We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind study in which the effects of glycerol and intravenous dexamethasone were compared with placebo recipients in an intensive care setting in India...

..To study the incidence of nosocomial blood stream infections (BSI) in a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a tertiary care teaching hospital, identify the organisms responsible and the pattern of antibiotic resistance over one decade...

..To study the clinical profile and risk factors of cerebral edema in children with diabetic ketoacidosis with specific reference to fluid refractory shock...

..The cases highlight that TSS is very much with us and can mimic a variety of other diseases. Early recognition, and aggressive antimicrobial supportive and IVIG therapy cover can ensure complete recovery...

..001). The median length of PICU stay was significantly longer in NUTI group compared to non-NUTI group (19 vs. 8 days, p = 0.001). Mortality rates in both the groups were similar...

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..To study the long-term neurological and developmental outcome and the clinical and laboratory predictors of sequelae in children with acute bacterial meningitis (ABM)...

..In conclusion, the study highlighted the rise of non-albicans Candida species in our hospital with differential distribution in paediatric and adult wards and emergence of azole resistance...

..To compare daily interruption vs. continuous sedative infusions in mechanically ventilated children with respect to lengths of mechanical ventilation and intensive care unit stay...

..It is concluded that intravenous sodium valproate is an effective alternative to diazepam infusion in controlling refractory status epilepticus in children and is free of respiratory depression and hypotension...

..To describe the epidemiology, clinical features and treatment of dengue fever and dengue shock syndrome...

..04, 95% confidence interval: - 0.035-0.12). We conclude that there was no difference in effectiveness of oral co-trimoxazole or amoxycillin in treating non-severe pneumonia...

..To compare the efficacy of crystalloid (Normal saline) and colloid (polymer from degraded Gelatin in saline Haemaccel) intravenous fluid in restoration of circulating volume in children with septic shock...

..The objective of this study was to assess the nutritional status of patients presenting with diabetic ketoacidosis and correlate it with the incidence of complications at presentation and those encountered during the course of illness...

..01 ml/kg); hydrocortisone 10 mg/kg IV and antihistamines. Patients with severe obstruction and those with endotracheal tube/ trachesotomy should be transferred to PICU...

..In spite of an aggressive presentation, most children respond well to corticosteroids. MRI lesions disappear or are significantly reduced at 6 months in the majority of cases...

..The low-positive predictive value would lead to over referrals but a large number of these children would benefit from medical attention...

..However, stroke following intraoral trauma is rare. A high index of suspicion of neurological complications following apparently asymptomatic oral trauma helps to identify this peculiar form of childhood stroke...

..Whereas Botulinum toxin can be a valuable adjunct in select cases, it should not be projected as a panacea for children with spastic cerebral palsy...

..We report a rare nonepileptic manifestation of neurocysticercosis: midbrain neurocysticercosis presenting as sudden-onset ptosis in 2 children. To our knowledge, this has not been reported previously in children...

..Though STEC is not a major cause of diarrhoea in India, we recommend that STEC should be looked for in all cases of bloody diarrhoea. To our knowledge, this is the first case of HUS caused by STEC in India...

..coli was responsible for the majority of cases of hospital-acquired diarrhoea. ND was most common in children aged <5 years...

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..We report a three-year-old child who had upper airway obstruction due to infectious mononucleosis, managed conservatively with oxygen, intravenous fluids and steroids...

..CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that hypozincemia with low iron levels may be the possible cause of pica and contradict the contention that low levels of plasma Zn and Fe could be an effect of pica...

..Strain typing of Pichia anomala isolates confirmed the previous finding of a point-source outbreak. The results suggest that IGS sequences and their polymorphisms could be exploited for similar typing methods in other organisms...

..Repeated testing for tuberculosis was negative. The diagnosis was Chronic granulomatous disease. The authors describe the clinical approach and investigations in these cases; along with an outline of the management...

..Nutritional rickets must the considered as an important curable cause for dilated cardiomyopathy among children especially in regions where nutritional rickets is still common...

..The case illustrates that one of the rare causes of wheezing in an infant could be scimitar syndrome...

..The preparatory study included population- based, hospital-based and carriage surveillance...

..The syndrome has been rarely reported in children with leukemia undergoing induction therapy. The authors' aim is to sensitize physicians to this life-threatening illness, which can be treated effectively if diagnosed early...

..Weight loss, decreased concentration in school, sedation, and parasthesias were important side effects with topiramate. Most of these side effects were mild to moderate and were not significant enough to cause dropout from the study...

..To evaluate the efficacy of probiotics in prevention of Candida colonization in a PICU...

..ED management includes analgesics, specific treatment directed at underlying etiology and appropriate referral...

..To evaluate the skills of health workers in assessing the severity of illness among young infants...

..We report a case in which MR imaging helped us to diagnose silent rabies antemortem, which was subsequently confirmed at autopsy...

..To determine the extent to which the developmental profile of children less than 4 years can help in distinguishing children with autism from children with developmental delay...

..Risperidone improved global functioning and social responsiveness while reducing hyperactivity and aggression in children with autism and was well tolerated...

..To examine the quality of life of children with epilepsy and to identify the demographic, disease related, and behavioral and emotional functioning variables in the prediction of quality of life of children with epilepsy...

..A simple practical approach to diagnosing and treating children with Bell's palsy is suggested...

..It assesses whether the extent of agreement between informants improves by making the ADHD criteria more flexible...