Neonatal erythropoiesis and subsequent anemia in HIV-positive and HIV-negative Zimbabwean babies during the first year of life: a longitudinal studyMelissa F Miller
Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
BMC Infect Dis 6:1. 2006
..Anemia is common in HIV infection and independently associated with disease progression and mortality. The pathophysiology of HIV-related anemia is not well understood especially in infancy...
- Mother to child transmission of HIV among Zimbabwean women who seroconverted postnatally: prospective cohort study
Jean H Humphrey
ZVITAMBO Project, Harare, Zimbabwe
BMJ 341:c6580. 2010
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HIV incidence among post-partum women in Zimbabwe: risk factors and the effect of vitamin A supplementationJean H Humphrey
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
AIDS 20:1437-46. 2006
..To test whether post-partum vitamin A supplementation can reduce incident HIV among post-partum women and identify risk factors for HIV incidence...
- Effects of a single large dose of vitamin A, given during the postpartum period to HIV-positive women and their infants, on child HIV infection, HIV-free survival, and mortality
Jean H Humphrey
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
J Infect Dis 193:860-71. 2006
..We investigated the effect that single-large-dose maternal/neonatal vitamin A supplementation has on MTCT, HIV-free survival, and mortality in HIV-exposed infants...
- HIV-1 and HIV-2 prevalence and associated risk factors among postnatal women in Harare, Zimbabwe
J H Humphrey
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Epidemiol Infect 135:933-42. 2007
..Prevalent HIV-1 infection is associated with financial insecurity and weak psychosocial support. The ZVITAMBO study apparently spanned the peak of the HIV-1 epidemic among reproductive women in Harare...
- Adoption of safer infant feeding and postpartum sexual practices and their relationship to maternal HIV status and risk of acquiring HIV in Zimbabwe
N V Tavengwa
ZVITAMBO Project, Harare, Zimbabwe
Trop Med Int Health 12:97-106. 2007
..To examine the relationships between maternal knowledge and concern about HIV status, adoption of preventive practices and risk of acquiring HIV in Zimbabwe...
- Effect of postpartum maternal or neonatal vitamin A supplementation on infant mortality among infants born to HIV-negative mothers in Zimbabwe
Lucie C Malaba
Department of Nutrition, University of Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe
Am J Clin Nutr 81:454-60. 2005
..CONCLUSION: Postpartum maternal or neonatal vitamin A supplementation may not reduce infant mortality in infants of HIV-negative women with an apparently adequate vitamin A status...
- Vitamin A supplementation of young infants
J H Humphrey
Center for Human Nutrition, Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Lancet 356:422-4. 2000
..Furthermore, the minimum requirement of vitamin A given to infants is 237 mcmol...
- Mortality and morbidity among postpartum HIV-positive and HIV-negative women in Zimbabwe: risk factors, causes, and impact of single-dose postpartum vitamin A supplementation
Partson Zvandasara
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Zimbabwe, College of Health Sciences, Harare, Zimbabwe
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 43:107-16. 2006
..CONCLUSIONS: Single-dose postpartum vitamin A supplementation had no effect on maternal mortality, perhaps because vitamin A status was adequate in HIV-negative women and apparently unresponsive to supplementation in HIV-positive women...
- Vitamin A and the nursing mother-infant dyad: evidence for intervention
Rebecca J Stoltzfus
Center for Human Nutrition, Department of International Health, The Johns Hopkins School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Adv Exp Med Biol 503:39-47. 2002
..In sum, the probable benefits of improving the vitamin A status of the breastfeeding mother and her baby are substantial, but to achieve these benefits, more aggressive interventions will be needed...
- Child mortality according to maternal and infant HIV status in Zimbabwe
Edmore Marinda
ZVITAMBO Project, Harare, Zimbabwe
Pediatr Infect Dis J 26:519-26. 2007
..HIV causes substantial mortality among African children but there is limited data on how this is influenced by maternal or infant infection status and timing...
- Early exclusive breastfeeding reduces the risk of postnatal HIV-1 transmission and increases HIV-free survival
Peter J Iliff
ZVITAMBO Project, Borrowdale, Harare, Zimbabwe
AIDS 19:699-708. 2005
..63 (95% CI 0.59-11.67), 2.69 (95% CI 0.95-7.63) and 1.61 (95% CI 0.72-3.64) trend towards greater PNT risk at 6, 12, and 18 months, compared with EBF. CONCLUSION: EBF may substantially reduce breastfeeding-associated HIV transmission...
- Neonatal vitamin A supplementation: effect on development and growth at 3 y of age
J H Humphrey
Center for Human Nutrition, The Johns Hopkins School of Hygiene and Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
Am J Clin Nutr 68:109-17. 1998
..68 cm, P < 0.05), over the first 3 y of life. This study provides no evidence that neonatal vitamin A supplementation is associated with biologically significant adverse growth or developmental sequelae...
- HIV-positive poor women may stop breast-feeding early to protect their infants from HIV infection although available replacement diets are grossly inadequate
Kevin M Lunney
ZVITAMBO Project, Harare, Zimbabwe
J Nutr 138:351-7. 2008
..As reflected in the new World Health Organization guidance, HIV-positive mothers should continue breastfeeding their infants beyond 6 mo if replacement feeding is still not acceptable, feasible, affordable, sustainable, and safe...
- An education and counseling program for preventing breast-feeding-associated HIV transmission in Zimbabwe: design and impact on maternal knowledge and behavior
Ellen G Piwoz
ZVITAMBO Project, Harare, Zimbabwe
J Nutr 135:950-5. 2005
..Formative research aided in the design of a culturally sensitive intervention. The intervention increased relevant knowledge and improved feeding practices among women who primarily did not know their HIV status...
- Total body iron in HIV-positive and HIV-negative Zimbabwean newborns strongly predicts anemia throughout infancy and is predicted by maternal hemoglobin concentration
Melissa F Miller
Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21211, USA
J Nutr 133:3461-8. 2003
..Babies born with low birthweight or to mothers with low hemoglobin are born with less TBI, which confers a substantially greater risk of anemia from 3 to 12 mo of age...
Effect of early exclusive breastfeeding on morbidity among infants born to HIV-negative mothers in ZimbabweAi Koyanagi
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health, Baltimore MD, USA
Am J Clin Nutr 89:1375-82. 2009
..No studies conducted in Africa have reported any benefits of EBF for infants born to HIV-negative women...
- Heat treatment of expressed breast milk is a feasible option for feeding HIV-exposed, uninfected children after 6 months of age in rural Zimbabwe
Mduduzi N N Mbuya
ZVITAMBO Project, Harare, Zimbabwe
J Nutr 140:1481-8. 2010
..EHT provides a strategy for improving the diets of HIV-exposed but uninfected children after direct breast-feeding has ceased...
- Associations between breast milk viral load, mastitis, exclusive breast-feeding, and postnatal transmission of HIV
Kevin M Lunney
University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Baltimore, USA
Clin Infect Dis 50:762-9. 2010
..The mechanism of exclusive breast-feeding protection is unknown but is hypothesized to be mediated through reduced mastitis...
- Improved HIV-1 incidence estimates using the BED capture enzyme immunoassay
John W Hargrove
ZVITAMBO Project, Harare, Zimbabwe
AIDS 22:511-8. 2008
..To validate the BED capture enzyme immunoassay for HIV-1 subtype C and to derive adjustments facilitating estimation of HIV-1 incidence from cross-sectional surveys...
- Postpartum plasma CD4 change in HIV-positive women: implications for timing of HAART initiation
Ai Koyanagi
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of International Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses 26:547-52. 2010
..27 (95% CI 1.85-14.96) times higher than those with CD4 <350 at delivery but >or=350 cells/microl at 6 weeks. The use of CD4 counts immediately postpartum to define HAART eligibility may lead to substantial misclassification...
- Effect of maternal and neonatal vitamin A supplementation and other postnatal factors on anemia in Zimbabwean infants: a prospective, randomized study
Melissa F Miller
Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
Am J Clin Nutr 84:212-22. 2006
..Anemia is prevalent in infants in developing countries. Its etiology is multifactorial and includes vitamin A deficiency...
- Maternal Herpes simplex virus type 2 infection, syphilis and risk of intra-partum transmission of HIV-1: results of a case control study
Frances M Cowan
Centre for Sexual Health and HIV Research, Royal Free and University College Medical School, University College London, UK
AIDS 22:193-201. 2008
..The effect of these infections on intra-partum mother-to-child-transmission (MTCT) of HIV-1 is unknown...
- The impact of safer breastfeeding practices on postnatal HIV-1 transmission in Zimbabwe
Ellen G Piwoz
Center for Nutrition, Academy for Educational Development, Washington, DC, USA
Am J Public Health 97:1249-54. 2007
....
- Effects of infant sex on mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 according to timing of infection in Zimbabwe
Ellen G Piwoz
Academy for Educational Development, Washington DC, USA
AIDS 20:1981-4. 2006
..23-1.91). Unlike previous studies, we observed no independent effect of infant sex on intrapartum or breastfeeding-associated HIV transmission. Sex-specific postnatal prevention strategies are not warranted in this population...
- Genetic variants in nonclassical major histocompatibility complex class I human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-E and HLA-G molecules are associated with susceptibility to heterosexual acquisition of HIV-1
Julie Lajoie
Laboratoire d Immunogénétique, Hôpital Notre Dame du Centre Hospitalier de l Université de Montréal, Canada
J Infect Dis 193:298-301. 2006
..In conclusion, HLA-E and HLA-G polymorphisms can independently and synergistically influence susceptibility to heterosexual acquisition of HIV-1...
