Can a small-changes approach help address the obesity epidemic? A report of the Joint Task Force of the American Society for Nutrition, Institute of Food Technologists, and International Food Information CouncilJames O Hill
Center for Human Nutrition, Denver, CO, USA
Am J Clin Nutr 89:477-84. 2009
..Such an initiative would benefit from the support of educational and social marketing campaigns developed with governmental input and support...
Peripheral metabolic responses to prolonged weight reduction that promote rapid, efficient regain in obesity-prone ratsPaul S MacLean
Center for Human Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, PO Box 6511, F 8305, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 290:R1577-88. 2006
..These metabolic adjustments to weight reduction are discussed in the context of a homeostatic feedback system that controls body weight...
Regular exercise attenuates the metabolic drive to regain weight after long-term weight lossPaul S MacLean
Center for Human Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 297:R793-802. 2009
..These observations indicate that regimented exercise altered several metabolic adaptations to weight reduction in a manner that would coordinately attenuate the propensity to regain lost weight...
- When energy balance is maintained, exercise does not induce negative fat balance in lean sedentary, obese sedentary, or lean endurance-trained individuals
Edward L Melanson
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Center for Human Nutrition, University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado 80045, USA
J Appl Physiol 107:1847-56. 2009
..e., energy balance is maintained), 24-h fat oxidation does not increase and in fact, may be slightly decreased. It appears that the state of energy balance is an underappreciated factor determining the impact of exercise on fat oxidation...
- Dietary fat increases energy intake across the range of typical consumption in the United States
William Donahoo
Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Denver, Colorado, USA
Obesity (Silver Spring) 16:64-9. 2008
..This study was designed to measure accurately the voluntary food and energy intake over a range of typical intake for dietary fat...
- Are health care professionals advising patients with diabetes or at risk for developing diabetes to exercise more?
Elaine H Morrato
University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, 4200 East Ninth Avenue, C238, Denver, CO 80262, USA
Diabetes Care 29:543-8. 2006
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- Resistance and aerobic exercise have similar effects on 24-h nutrient oxidation
Edward L Melanson
Center for Human Nutrition, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, 80262, USA
Med Sci Sports Exerc 34:1793-800. 2002
..Whether resistance exercise is as effective as aerobic exercise for body-weight management is debated...
- Physical activity patterns using accelerometry in the National Weight Control Registry
Victoria A Catenacci
Center for Human Nutrition, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
Obesity (Silver Spring) 19:1163-70. 2011
..e., ≥10 min in duration) may play an important role. Interventions targeting increases in structured exercise may be needed to improve long-term weight-loss maintenance...
- Exercise reduces appetite and traffics excess nutrients away from energetically efficient pathways of lipid deposition during the early stages of weight regain
Amy J Steig
Center for Human Nutrition, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 301:R656-67. 2011
..The attenuation of the biological drive to regain weight, involving both central and peripheral aspects of energy homeostasis, may explain, in part, the utility of regular exercise in preventing weight regain after weight loss...
- Increasing dietary fat elicits similar changes in fat oxidation and markers of muscle oxidative capacity in lean and obese humans
Audrey Bergouignan
Center for Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, Colorado, United States of America
PLoS ONE 7:e30164. 2012
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- Insulin sensitivity determines the effectiveness of dietary macronutrient composition on weight loss in obese women
Marc-Andre Cornier
Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO, USA
Obes Res 13:703-9. 2005
..For maximal benefit, the macronutrient composition of a hypocaloric diet may need to be adjusted to correspond to the state of Si...
- Small changes in dietary sugar and physical activity as an approach to preventing excessive weight gain: the America on the Move family study
Susan J Rodearmel
University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, Center for Human Nutrition, Denver, CO 80262, USA
Pediatrics 120:e869-79. 2007
..The intent of this study was to evaluate whether small changes in diet and physical activity, as promoted by the America on the Move initiative, could prevent excessive weight gain in overweight children...
- Ingested fat oxidation contributes 8% of 24-h total energy expenditure in moderately obese subjects
Bakary J Sonko
University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA
J Nutr 135:2159-65. 2005
..This study extended to 24-h observations of previous studies that lasted 6-9 h on ingested fat oxidation in humans. Understanding the factors that promote ingested fat oxidation could lead to more effective obesity intervention programs...
- Step-counter determined walking in youth in Colorado
Nanette Stroebele
University of Colorado in Denver and Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO, USA
J Phys Act Health 4:315-24. 2007
..Results from a statewide telephone survey of walking showed that the average adult in Colorado takes 6804 steps/d, and that steps/d were negatively associated with body mass index. No similar data exist for children...
- Enhanced metabolic efficiency contributes to weight regain after weight loss in obesity-prone rats
Paul S MacLean
Center for Human Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 287:R1306-15. 2004
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- A Colorado statewide survey of walking and its relation to excessive weight
Holly R Wyatt
Center for Human Nutrition, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA
Med Sci Sports Exerc 37:724-30. 2005
..There is an urgent need to increase the physical activity in the population. Small-scale success has been achieved in programs like Colorado on the Move (COM), an obesity prevention program using electronic pedometers...
- Physical activity patterns in the National Weight Control Registry
Victoria A Catenacci
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Center for Human Nutrition, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado, USA
Obesity (Silver Spring) 16:153-61. 2008
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- A small-changes approach reduces energy intake in free-living humans
Nanette Stroebele
Denver and Health Sciences Center, University of Colorado, Denver, Colorado 80262, USA
J Am Coll Nutr 28:63-8. 2009
..The study's intent was to determine the impact of these small changes recommendations on steps/day and energy intake...
- Lack of suppression of circulating free fatty acids and hypercholesterolemia during weight loss on a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet
Teri L Hernandez
University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
Am J Clin Nutr 91:578-85. 2010
..Little is known about the comparative effect of weight-loss diets on metabolic profiles during dieting...
- Total energy expenditure and carbohydrate oxidation are increased in the human immunodeficiency virus lipodystrophy syndrome
Lisa A Kosmiski
Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA
Metabolism 52:620-5. 2003
..The increase in TEE appears to be due to increases in REE. The pathogenesis of elevated EE in HIV lipodystrophy and other forms of lipodystrophy remains to be determined...
- Twenty-four-hour metabolic responses to resistance exercise in women
Edward L Melanson
Center for Human Nutrition, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262, USA
J Strength Cond Res 19:61-6. 2005
..Thus, in women, the increase in EE due to resistance exercise is largely seen during and immediately after the exercise. The increased energy demand is met by increased carbohydrate oxidation, with no increase in 24-hour fat oxidation...
- Obesity and the environment: where do we go from here?
James O Hill
Center for Human Nutrition, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA
Science 299:853-5. 2003
..Having a specific behavioral target for the prevention of weight gain may be key to arresting the obesity epidemic...
- The medical cost of cardiometabolic risk factor clusters in the United States
Patrick W Sullivan
Pharmaceuticals Outcomes Research Program, University of Colorado at Denver Health Sciences Center, 4200 East Ninth Avenue, C238, Denver, CO 80262, USA
Obesity (Silver Spring) 15:3150-8. 2007
..The prevalence of these cardiometabolic risk factor clusters (CMRFCs) is increasing significantly for all sociodemographic groups, but little is known about their economic impact...
- A family-based approach to preventing excessive weight gain
Susan J Rodearmel
University of Colorado School of Medicine, 4200 East Ninth Avenue, C263, Denver, CO 80262, USA
Obesity (Silver Spring) 14:1392-401. 2006
..DISCUSSION: This family-based weight gain prevention program based on small changes holds promise for reducing excessive weight gain in families and especially in growing overweight children...
- Metabolic adjustments with the development, treatment, and recurrence of obesity in obesity-prone rats
Paul S MacLean
Center for Human Nutrition, and Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262, USA
Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 287:R288-97. 2004
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- Association of anthropometric measures with risk of diabetes and cardiovascular disease in Hispanic and Caucasian adolescents
Teresa A Sharp
Center for Human Nutrition, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA
Prev Med 37:611-6. 2003
..There are limited data relating obesity status in Hispanic adolescents to diabetes and CVD risk...
- Impact of cardiometabolic risk factor clusters on health-related quality of life in the U.S
Patrick W Sullivan
University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Outcomes Research Program, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Denver, Colorado, USA
Obesity (Silver Spring) 15:511-21. 2007
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- Exercise improves fat metabolism in muscle but does not increase 24-h fat oxidation
Edward L Melanson
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, School of Medicine, Denver, CO 80045, USA
Exerc Sport Sci Rev 37:93-101. 2009
..Although exercise improves the capacity of muscle to oxidize fat, our studies suggest that moderate duration exercise (< or =1 h) has little impact on 24-h fat oxidation...
- Obesity, inactivity, and the prevalence of diabetes and diabetes-related cardiovascular comorbidities in the U.S., 2000-2002
Patrick W Sullivan
Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA
Diabetes Care 28:1599-603. 2005
..The objective of this research is to determine the relative associations of physical activity and BMI with the prevalence of diabetes and diabetes-related cardiovascular comorbidities in the U.S...
- Variability of measured resting metabolic rate
Heather A Haugen
Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO, USA
Am J Clin Nutr 78:1141-5. 2003
..The necessity of a 12-h fast before resting metabolic rate (RMR) is measured is often a barrier to measuring RMR...
- Physical activity in U.S. adults with diabetes and at risk for developing diabetes, 2003
Elaine H Morrato
University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy, 4200 East Ninth Avenue, Denver, CO 80262, USA
Diabetes Care 30:203-9. 2007
..Given the risk of obesity and diabetes in the U.S., and clear benefit of exercise in disease prevention and management, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of physical activity among adults with and at risk for diabetes...
- Weight loss in a community initiative that promotes decreased energy intake and increased physical activity and dairy consumption: Calcium Weighs-In
Holly R Wyatt
University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, Dept of Pediatrics, Center for Human Nutrition, Denver, CO 80262, USA
J Phys Act Health 5:28-44. 2008
..This project addresses the need to identify feasible, effective weight-management programs that can be implemented within communities. The controversial role of dairy products in weight-management programs is also explored...
- Using telehealth to increase participation in weight maintenance programs
Heather A Haugen
Center for Human Nutrition, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado, USA
Obesity (Silver Spring) 15:3067-77. 2007
..To compare weight regain, satisfaction, and convenience among three weight maintenance programs: telehealth, traditional classes, and no program...
- Role of physical activity in preventing and treating obesity
James O Hill
Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Diabetes, Center for Human Nutrition, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, 4200 E. 9th Avenue, Box C263, Denver, CO 80262, USA
J Appl Physiol 99:765-70. 2005
..The increasing prevalence of obesity may reflect the fact that the majority of the population has fallen below such a level of physical activity...
- Do calorie-controlled portion sizes of snacks reduce energy intake?
Nanette Stroebele
Center for Human Nutrition, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80262, United States
Appetite 52:793-6. 2009
..Further, initial exposure to portion-controlled packages might have increased awareness of portion size such that less was consumed when larger packages were available...
- Differences in resting metabolic rate between white and African-American young adults
Teresa A Sharp
Center for Human Nutrition, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262, USA
Obes Res 10:726-32. 2002
..A reported lower resting metabolic rate (RMR) in African-American women than in white women could explain the higher prevalence of obesity in the former group. Little information is available on RMR in African-American men...
- The obesity epidemic
Victoria A Catenacci
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO 80220, USA
Clin Chest Med 30:415-44, vii. 2009
..Because of the complexity of obesity, it is likely to be one of the most difficult public health issues our society has faced...
- Productivity costs associated with cardiometabolic risk factor clusters in the United States
Patrick W Sullivan
University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, Pharmaceutical Outcomes Research Program, School of Pharmacy, 4200 East Ninth Avenue, C238, Denver, CO 80262, USA
Value Health 10:443-50. 2007
..The purpose of this study was to examine and quantify the impact of cardiometabolic risk factor clusters independent of heart disease on productivity in a nationally representative sample of US adults...
- The National Weight Control Registry: is it useful in helping deal with our obesity epidemic?
James O Hill
Center for Human Nutrition, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262, USA
J Nutr Educ Behav 37:206-10. 2005
..The value of this project lies in identifying potential strategies that may help others be more successful in keeping weight off...
- Weight maintenance: what's missing?
James O Hill
Center for Human Nutrition, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center for Human Nutrition, Denver 80262, USA
J Am Diet Assoc 105:S63-6. 2005
..Many programs have been shown to produce weight loss but few, if any, have been successful in maintenance of weight loss. Our challenge is in understanding how to help people keep off the weight they can lose in several ways...
- Biomarkers and functional foods for obesity and diabetes
James O Hill
Center for Human Nutrition, University of Colorado, Health Sciences Center, Box C225, 4200 East Ninth Avenue, Denver 80262, USA
Br J Nutr 88:S213-8. 2002
..The present paper reviews the complex aetiology of obesity and diabetes and considers a potential role for functional foods in prevention and treatment of obesity and diabetes...
- Exploiting social networks to mitigate the obesity epidemic
David B Bahr
Department of Physics and Computational Science, Regis University, Denver, Colorado, USA
Obesity (Silver Spring) 17:723-8. 2009
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- Understanding and addressing the epidemic of obesity: an energy balance perspective
James O Hill
Center for Human Nutrition, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado 80262, USA
Endocr Rev 27:750-61. 2006
..This is a very long-term strategy for first stopping and then reversing the escalating obesity rates, but one that can, over time, return obesity rates to pre-1980s levels...
- Outpatient management of obesity: a primary care perspective
James O Hill
Center for Human Nutrition, University of Colorado, Denver 80262, USA
Obes Res 10:124S-130S. 2002
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- Obesity: overview of an epidemic
James O Hill
Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, Center for Human Nutrition, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, 4200 East 9th Avenue, Campus Box C263, Denver, CO 80262, USA
Psychiatr Clin North Am 28:1-23, vii. 2005
- Resistant starch and exercise independently attenuate weight regain on a high fat diet in a rat model of obesity
Janine A Higgins
Center for Human Nutrition, Anschutz Medical Campus, University of Colorado Denver 13001 E 17th Place, Campus Box C263, Aurora, CO 80045, USA
Nutr Metab (Lond) 8:49. 2011
..abstract:..
- Physical activity in prevention and management of obesity and type-2 diabetes
James O Hill
Center for Human Nutrition, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Denver, CO, USA
Nestle Nutr Workshop Ser Clin Perform Programme 11:183-91; discussion 191-6. 2006
..However, we still face an enormous challenge in getting people to achieve sustainable increases in physical activity. A promising strategy is to get people walking more, starting small and increasing gradually over time...
- Preventing excessive weight gain
James O Hill
University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Center for Human Nutrition, Denver, CO 80262, USA
Obes Res 13:1302. 2005
- Economic analysis of eating and physical activity: a next step for research and policy change
James O Hill
Center for Nutrition Research, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262, USA
Am J Prev Med 27:111-6. 2004
..This article describes the challenges the groups faced in their work, the way in which the public health and economic approaches were integrated, and the questions left unanswered...
- What role for weight-loss medication? Weighing the pros and cons for obese patients
Holly R Wyatt
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Centers for Obesity Research and Education, Denver, CO, USA
Postgrad Med 115:38-40, 43-5, 58. 2004
..Weight-loss medications alone are clearly not the answer. However, they are one tool physicians can use in combination with lifestyle changes to increase the success of long-term weight loss in selected patients...
- Multi-point estimation of total energy expenditure: a comparison between zinc-reduction and platinum-equilibration methodologies
Bakary J Sonko
University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA
Anal Biochem 323:211-7. 2003
..The data demonstrated that the Zn-reduction method could be replaced by the Pt-equilibration method when TEE was estimated using the "Multi-Point" technique. Furthermore, D equilibration time was significantly reduced...
- Relationship of body mass index with outcomes after coronary artery bypass graft surgery
Brandie D Wagner
Division of Cardiac Research, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Eastern Colorado Health Care System, Denver, Colorado 80220, USA
Ann Thorac Surg 84:10-6. 2007
..This study aims to investigate this association, and to uncover possible explanations for the lack of consensus across prior studies...
- Accuracy of optimized branched algorithms to assess activity-specific physical activity energy expenditure
Andy G Edwards
Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
Med Sci Sports Exerc 42:672-82. 2010
..To assess the activity-specific accuracy achievable by branched algorithm (BA) analysis of simulated daily living physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) within a sedentary population...
- Number of days, number of subjects, and sources of variation in longitudinal intervention or crossover feeding trials with multiple days of measurement
Gary K Grunwald
Center for Human Nutrition and Department of Preventive Medicine and Biometrics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA
Br J Nutr 90:1087-95. 2003
..Greater precision and fewer required days were noted in the study (Olestra) that exerted greater control over the subjects and diets during the feeding protocol...
- Effect of exercise intensity on 24-h energy expenditure and nutrient oxidation
Edward L Melanson
Center for Human Nutrition, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262, USA
J Appl Physiol 92:1045-52. 2002
..It is concluded that exercise intensity has no effect on 24-h EE or nutrient oxidation. Additionally, it appears that women may sustain slightly greater 24-h fat oxidation rates during waking and active periods of the day...
- Safety and antioxidant activity of a pomegranate ellagitannin-enriched polyphenol dietary supplement in overweight individuals with increased waist size
David Heber
Center for Human Nutrition, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
J Agric Food Chem 55:10050-4. 2007
..These studies demonstrate the safety of a pomegranate ellagitannin-enriched polyphenol dietary supplement in humans and provide evidence of antioxidant activity in humans...
- Long-term weight loss and breakfast in subjects in the National Weight Control Registry
Holly R Wyatt
University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado 80262, USA
Obes Res 10:78-82. 2002
..To examine breakfast consumption in subjects maintaining a weight loss in the National Weight Control Registry (NWCR)...
