Malaria: current status of control, diagnosis, treatment, and a proposed agenda for research and developmentPhilippe J Guerin
Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
Lancet Infect Dis 2:564-73. 2002
..Evidence on these approaches should provide national governments and international donors with the cost-benefit information that would justify much-needed increases in global support for appropriate and effective malaria control...
World Antimalarial Resistance Network I: clinical efficacy of antimalarial drugsRic N Price
International Health Program, Menzies School of Health Research and Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia
Malar J 6:119. 2007
..This resource will help guide rational drug policies that optimize antimalarial drug use, in the hope that the emergence and spread of resistance to new drugs can be, if not prevented, at least delayed...
- Emergence of new Salmonella Enteritidis phage types in Europe? Surveillance of infections in returning travellers
Karin Nygard
European Programme of Intervention Epidemiology Training, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, 171 82 Solna, Sweden
BMC Med 2:32. 2004
..This is reflected in Salmonella infections among Swedish travellers returning from abroad. However, there are differences in phage type distribution between the countries, and this has also changed over time...
- Gastro-enteritis outbreak among Nordic patients with psoriasis in a health centre in Gran Canaria, Spain: a cohort study
Hanne M Eriksen
European Programme for Intervention Epidemiology Training, Stocholm, Sweden
BMC Infect Dis 4:45. 2004
..Patient original came from Norway, Sweden and Finland. The patient group was scheduled to stay until 8 November. A new group of patients were due to arrive from 7 November...
- Outbreak of Salmonella Livingstone infection in Norway and Sweden due to contaminated processed fish products
P J Guerin
Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
Epidemiol Infect 132:889-95. 2004
..Livingstone was subsequently recovered from a processed fish product at the retail level. Analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis documented that isolates from the fish product belonged to the same clone as the outbreak strain...
- Immunogenicity of fractional doses of tetravalent a/c/y/w135 meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine: results from a randomized non-inferiority controlled trial in Uganda
Philippe J Guerin
Epicentre, Paris, France
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2:e342. 2008
..Facing global vaccine shortage, we explored the use of fractional doses of a licensed A/C/Y/W135 polysaccharide meningococcal vaccine...
- Using European travellers as an early alert to detect emerging pathogens in countries with limited laboratory resources
Philippe J Guerin
Division of Infectious Disease Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
BMC Public Health 7:8. 2007
..We present the results of a case study using reported cases of Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 (Sd1) in European travellers to detect "events" of Sd1, related to either epidemic cases or endemic cases in developing countries...
- Case management of a multidrug-resistant Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 outbreak in a crisis context in Sierra Leone, 1999-2000
P J Guerin
Epicentre, 8 rue Saint Sabin, 75011 Paris, France
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 98:635-43. 2004
..9%. Patients who did not have signs of severity when seen by health workers were given hygiene advice and oral rehydration salts. This strategy was effective in this complex emergency...
- Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 in west Africa: intervention strategy for an outbreak in Sierra Leone
Philippe J Guerin
Division of Infectious Disease Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
Lancet 362:705-6. 2003
..9%. A 5-day ciprofloxacin regimen, targeted to the most severe cases of bloody diarrhoea, was highly effective. This is the first time a large outbreak caused by Sd1 has been reported in west Africa...
- Emerging Salmonella Enteritidis anaerogenic phage type 14b: outbreak in Norwegian, Swedish and Finnish travellers returning from Greece
P J Guerin
Division of Infectious Disease Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health FHI, Oslo, Norway
Euro Surveill 11:61-6. 2006
..Further collaboration between national institutes of public health in Europe is needed to detect outbreaks occurring among tourists...
- Unacceptably high mortality related to measles epidemics in Niger, Nigeria, and Chad
R F Grais
Epicentre, Paris, France
PLoS Med 4:e16. 2007
..The objective of our study was to investigate measles mortality in three recent epidemics in Niamey (Niger), N'Djamena (Chad), and Adamawa State (Nigeria)...
- Estimating transmission intensity for a measles epidemic in Niamey, Niger: lessons for intervention
R F Grais
Epicentre, 8 rue Saint Sabin, 75011 Paris, France
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 100:867-73. 2006
..The spatial-temporal spread of the epidemic from district to district in Niamey over 30 weeks suggests that targeted interventions within the city could have an impact...
- High sensitivity and specificity of the Pastorex latex agglutination test for Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A during a clinical trial in Niger
T Borel
Epicentre, 8 rue St Sabin, 75011 Paris, France
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 100:964-9. 2006
..Sensitivity can be improved with prior microscopy where feasible. A study specifically to evaluate the Pastorex test under epidemic conditions, using laboratories with limited resources, is recommended...
- Added value of bleach sedimentation microscopy for diagnosis of tuberculosis: a cost-effectiveness study
M Bonnet
Epicentre, Paris, France
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 14:571-7. 2010
..Bleach sedimentation is a method used to increase the diagnostic yield of sputum microscopy for countries with a high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and limited resources...
Avidity of serogroup A meningococcal IgG antibodies after immunization with different doses of a tetravalent A/C/Y/W135 polysaccharide vaccineG K Barnes
Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
Scand J Immunol 74:87-94. 2011
....
- Reducing the number of sputum samples examined and thresholds for positivity: an opportunity to optimise smear microscopy
M Bonnet
Epicentre, Paris, France
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 11:953-8. 2007
..Urban health clinic, Nairobi...
- Research in complex humanitarian emergencies: the Médecins Sans Frontières/Epicentre experience
Vincent Brown
Epicentre, Paris, France
PLoS Med 5:e89. 2008
- Late vaccination reinforcement during a measles epidemic in Niamey, Niger (2003-2004)
Christine Dubray
Epicentre, 8 rue Saint Sabin, 75011 Paris, France
Vaccine 24:3984-9. 2006
..Our results highlight the benefits and limitations of vaccine reinforcement activities performed late in the epidemic...
- Bleach sedimentation: an opportunity to optimize smear microscopy for tuberculosis diagnosis in settings of high prevalence of HIV
Maryline Bonnet
Epicentre, Paris, France
Clin Infect Dis 46:1710-6. 2008
....
- Burden of disease and circulating serotypes of rotavirus infection in sub-Saharan Africa: systematic review and meta-analysis
Elisabeth Sanchez-Padilla
Epicentre, Research Unit, Paris, France
Lancet Infect Dis 9:567-76. 2009
....
- Ceftriaxone as effective as long-acting chloramphenicol in short-course treatment of meningococcal meningitis during epidemics: a randomised non-inferiority study
N Nathan
Epicentre, Paris, France
Lancet 366:308-13. 2005
..National and international health partners should consider ceftriaxone as an alternative first-line treatment to chloramphenicol for epidemic meningococcal meningitis...
- Tuberculosis treatment in a refugee and migrant population: 20 years of experience on the Thai-Burmese border
A Minetti
Medecins Sans Frontieres, Paris, France
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 14:1589-95. 2010
..Although tuberculosis (TB) is a curable disease, it remains a major global health problem and an important cause of morbidity and mortality among vulnerable populations, including refugees and migrants...
- Field evaluation of two rapid diagnostic tests for Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A during the 2006 outbreak in Niger
Angela M C Rose
Epicentre, Paris, France
PLoS ONE 4:e7326. 2009
..Further studies are needed to evaluate its field performance, especially for different populations and other serogroups...
- Meningitis serogroup W135 outbreak, Burkina Faso, 2002
Nicolas Nathan
Epicentre, Paris, France
Emerg Infect Dis 13:920-3. 2007
..The highest attack rate was in children <5 years of age. We describe cases from 1 district and evaluate the performance of the Pastorex test, which had good sensitivity (84%) and specificity (89%) compared with culture or PCR...
- Evaluation of FASTPlaqueTB to diagnose smear-negative tuberculosis in a peripheral clinic in Kenya
M Bonnet
Epicentre, Paris, France
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 13:1112-8. 2009
..To evaluate the performance and feasibility of FASTPlaqueTB in smear-negative tuberculosis (TB) suspects in a peripheral clinic after laboratory upgrading...
- Exploring the time to intervene with a reactive mass vaccination campaign in measles epidemics
R F Grais
Epicentre, 8 rue Saint Sabin, Paris, France
Epidemiol Infect 134:845-9. 2006
..Intervening with a mass campaign or in areas where cases have not yet been reported could slow the epidemic spread. The results of this preliminary analysis illustrate the importance of revisiting outbreak response plans...
- Communicable disease control in a migrant seasonal workers population: a case study in Norway
P J Guerin
Division for Infectious Disease Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Nydalen, Norway
Euro Surveill 10:48-50. 2005
..Special attention should be given to this disadvantaged group in terms of social rights and healthcare. Preparedness plans should be improved to deal with contagious pathogens involving the seasonal migrant population...
- Operational response to malaria epidemics: are rapid diagnostic tests cost-effective?
Estelle Rolland
Epicentre, Paris, France
Trop Med Int Health 11:398-408. 2006
..To compare the cost-effectiveness of malaria treatment based on presumptive diagnosis with that of malaria treatment based on rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs)...
- Validation of single real-time TaqMan PCR assay for the detection and quantitation of four major genotypes of hepatitis E virus in clinical specimens
V Enouf
National Reference Centre for Hepatitis E, Teaching Military Hospital Val de Grace, Paris, France
J Med Virol 78:1076-82. 2006
..The real-time RT-PCR assay was 10- to 100-fold sensitive than for conventional RT-PCR assays used in this study with a range quantitation from 1.8 x 10(1) to 7.2 x 10(3) RNA copies/microl in clinical samples (serum and stools)...
- Pharyngeal carriage of Neisseria meningitidis in 2-19-year-old individuals in Uganda
Dominique A Caugant
Division of Infectious Disease Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Nydalen, Oslo, Norway
Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 100:1159-63. 2006
..Our study further demonstrates the geographical spread of serogroup W135 ST-11 strain and thus the potential epidemic risk...
- Prevalence, risk factors, and impact on outcome of cytomegalovirus replication in serum of Cambodian HIV-infected patients (2004-2007)
Romain Micol
Unité d Epidémiologie des Maladies Emergentes, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 51:486-91. 2009
..We estimated the prevalence of replicating CMV in sera of newly diagnosed HIV-infected Cambodian patients and examined its impact on mortality...
- Evaluation of three parasite lactate dehydrogenase-based rapid diagnostic tests for the diagnosis of falciparum and vivax malaria
Elizabeth A Ashley
Epicentre, Paris, France
Malar J 8:241. 2009
..In areas where non-falciparum malaria is common rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) capable of distinguishing malaria species reliably are needed. Such tests are often based on the detection of parasite lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH)...
- A look back at an ongoing problem: Shigella dysenteriae type 1 epidemics in refugee settings in Central Africa (1993-1995)
Solen Kerneis
Epicentre, Paris, France
PLoS ONE 4:e4494. 2009
..We also explored the links between the different types of the camps and the magnitude of the outbreaks...
- Mortality risk among children admitted in a large-scale nutritional program in Niger, 2006
Nael Lapidus
Epicentre, Paris, France
PLoS ONE 4:e4313. 2009
....
- Meningitis dipstick rapid test: evaluating diagnostic performance during an urban Neisseria meningitidis serogroup A outbreak, Burkina Faso, 2007
Angela M C Rose
Epicentre, Paris, France
PLoS ONE 5:e11086. 2010
..Although the former is the current standard for bacterial meningitis surveillance in the meningitis belt, nested PCR performed in a certified laboratory should be used as an absolute reference when evaluating new diagnostic tests...
- Visceral leishmaniasis: current status of control, diagnosis, and treatment, and a proposed research and development agenda
Philippe J Guerin
Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
Lancet Infect Dis 2:494-501. 2002
..This article reviews the current situation and perspectives for diagnosis, treatment, and control of visceral leishmaniasis, and lists some priorities for research and development...
- Prevalence and risk factors of Lassa seropositivity in inhabitants of the forest region of Guinea: a cross-sectional study
Solen Kerneis
Epicentre, Paris, France
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 3:e548. 2009
..We aimed to (i) estimate the prevalence of Lassa virus-specific IgG antibodies (LV IgG) in the human population of a rural area of Guinea, and (ii) identify risk factors for positive LV IgG...
- Prevalence study of yaws in the Democratic Republic of Congo using the lot quality assurance sampling method
Sibylle Gerstl
Epicentre, Paris, France
PLoS ONE 4:e6338. 2009
..We carried out a survey to estimate the village-level prevalence of yaws in the region of Equator in the north of the country in order to define appropriate strategies to effectively treat the affected population...
- Clonal reconquest of antibiotic-susceptible Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi in Son La Province, Vietnam
Francois Xavier Weill
Centre national de référence des Salmonella, Centre Collaborateur OMS de Référence et de Recherche pour les Salmonella, Unité de Biodiversité des Bactéries Pathogènes Emergentes, INSERM U389, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
Am J Trop Med Hyg 76:1174-81. 2007
....
- Scaling up of highly active antiretroviral therapy in a rural district of Malawi: an effectiveness assessment
Laurent Ferradini
Epicentre, Paris, France
Lancet 367:1335-42. 2006
..We aimed to assess the effectiveness of such a programme held by Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) in the Chiradzulu district, Malawi...
- The dynamics of measles in sub-Saharan Africa
Matthew J Ferrari
Center for Infectious Disease Dynamics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
Nature 451:679-84. 2008
..Such erratic dynamics emphasize the importance both of control strategies that address build-up of susceptible individuals and efforts to mitigate the impact of large outbreaks when they occur...
- Treatment options for visceral leishmaniasis: a systematic review of clinical studies done in India, 1980-2004
Piero L Olliaro
UNICEF UNDP World Bank WHO Special Programme on Research and Training in Tropical Diseases, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland
Lancet Infect Dis 5:763-74. 2005
..India, Bangladesh, and Nepal agreed recently to undertake measures towards the elimination of visceral leishmaniasis. The lessons learnt in Bihar could help inform policy decisions both regionally and elsewhere...
- Effectiveness of mass oral cholera vaccination in Beira, Mozambique
Marcelino E S Lucas
Ministry of Health, Maputo, Mozambique
N Engl J Med 352:757-67. 2005
..CONCLUSIONS: The rBS-WC vaccine was highly effective against clinically significant cholera in an urban sub-Saharan African population with a high prevalence of HIV infection...
