R von Kries

..This is due to the fact that (i) the incidence is low, and (ii) clinical presentation, (iii) disease classification and (iv) specific treatment options are largely unknown...

..A national hip ultrasound-screening programme, undertaken during the first 6 weeks of life, was introduced across Germany in 1996 and was continued for 5 years. We assessed the rate of first operation on the hip during this programme...

..Oral prophylaxis will probably be as safe as the intramuscular prophylaxis if given daily (25 microg) or weekly (1 mg)...

..The serotype distribution only partially matched that used in the recent development of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines...

..Although 14% lower than in the Kaiser Permanente Trial, 71% of potentially preventable cases of invasive pneumococcal infection still predict an excellent effectiveness for the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in Germany...

..How much invasive pneumococcal disease can potentially be prevented by the 7-valent (or 11-valent) vaccine in Europe?..

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..These findings might be attributed to incremental exposure to risk factors particularly affecting overweight children...

..School entry marks a tremendous change in the children's life style, which might well be relevant for the emergence of overweight. Previous studies suggested a dramatic increase in the prevalence of overweight during this age...

..In adolescents and adults, an association between obesity and asthma was found in females. Does this sex-specific association already exist in young children?..

..Women should be encouraged to quit smoking prior to conception...

..Some of these associations, in particular overweight in the offspring, might be confounded by maternal overweight...

..0% (95% CI 17.9-24.1) and persisted for longer in 39.6% (95% CI 31.5-47.7) of these. Professionals consulting parents on crying problems should take into account its possible persistence for longer periods of time...

..Currently there are 3 pneumococcal vaccines available in Germany. The aim of this study is to evaluate the potential of the three currently available pneumococcal vaccines to reduce the burden of invasive pneumococcal disease in children...

..6% (95% CI 1.4-1.8) to 3.4% (95%CI 3.2-3.5). CONCLUSION: Prevalence of obesity increased among recruits of all educational levels, suggesting that preventive measures against obesity have to target all educational levels...

..Increasing prevalences since 1982 indicate that overweight and obesity in children are of increasing public health importance in Bavaria. The upwards shift of the BMI distribution in non-German children needs further investigation...

..high gestational weight gain (GWG) has been found to be associated with a number of adverse perinatal and long-term outcomes...

..76/100 000 (95% CI 0.36 to 1.39) in children given other preparations. CONCLUSION: Mixed micellar vitamin K did not significantly improve the efficacy of the 3 x 2 mg oral vitamin K prophylaxis schedule...

..34-0.78) and 0.46 (95% CI 0.28-0.75) for sleeping 11.5 h. CONCLUSION: The effect of sleep duration on obesity in children reflects a higher body fat composition and appears to be independent of other risk factors for childhood obesity...

..53 (0.76-3.08) in carriers of one prothrombotic risk factor and 4.01 (1.48-10.84) in subjects carrying multiple or homozygous defects. We identified foetal thrombophilia as an additional cause of low birth weight...

..We aimed to identify the potential beneficial or adverse associations of GWL with pregnancy outcome stratified by maternal body mass index (BMI) category...

..Reducing the risk of adverse outcomes in diabetic pregnancies to the level of risk in non-diabetic pregnancies is a major goal in diabetes care. So far there have not been any data to show whether progress is being made towards this goal...

..If bleeding occurs, extensive coagulation testing is mandatory...

..We conclude that infant feeding practice has a high potential for long-term health effects. The results obtained should stimulate the review of recommendations and policies for infant formula composition...

..The aim of this study was to assess the association between excessive media consumption (TV, video games usw) of more than three hours per day and behavioural problems in 5- to 6-year-old children...

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..To assess the impact of potentially modifiable environmental factors on the risk for pedestrian and cyclist injuries among school age children...

..The results provided are of limited statistical significance due to the small sample size. Further intervention studies have to be conducted and should even include measures supported by legal regulations...

..The study objective was to detect any incidence of aseptic meningitis associated with measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccines that would be considered of public health importance subsequent to the introduction of a new MMR vaccine (Priorix)...

..Blood pressure (BP) is related with cardiovascular disease. BP tracking in childhood and its implication for intervention trials are unknown...

..0 and 24.3 months. These estimates were only possible with the KM method which proved useful to monitor vaccination programmes and will allow the comparison of vaccination uptake in different populations...

..Funnel plot regression gave no indication of publication bias. CONCLUSION: Breast-feeding seems to have a small but consistent protective effect against obesity in children...

..Little is known about the practice of introducing complementary feeding across Europe. We aim at describing times of solid introduction in healthy infants in 5 European countries...

..Aim of the present study was to investigate whether G8-students are exposed to more stress and report more headaches and other health complaints than G9-students...

..There are controversial data as to interdependencies of exposure to furred pets in infancy and the prevalence of asthma and hay fever in children. Does the timing, intensity and type of pet exposure matter?..