B Langguth

..Clinical improvement was assessed with a standardized tinnitus-questionnaire...

..More extensive investigations are invited, including tests for possible effects of variation in this ion channel protein on the response to treatment...

..However available studies have been mono-centric and are characterized by small sample sizes. Therefore, this multi-center trial will test the efficacy of rTMS treatment in a large sample of chronic tinnitus patients...

..We hypothesized that this difference is expressed by differential activation of distributed cortical networks...

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..Therefore, targeted modulation of auditory cortex has been proposed as a new therapeutic approach for chronic tinnitus...

..The differential effect between acute and chronic administration of rivastigmine may reflect dynamic properties of different receptor subtypes...

..Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is a noninvasive procedure that may be used to study individual differences in motor cortex excitability. Such differences are assumed to reflect serotonergic and other inputs to the motor cortex...

..Our data does not support an enhancing effect of higher frequency priming on low-frequency rTMS in the treatment of tinnitus...

..Therefore we investigated whether either alterations of regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) or clinical characteristics may predict antidepressant response to rTMS...

..001) and TQ scores (p=.028), but not with THI ratings (n.s.). In addition to confirming the established roles of trait anxiety and depression, low 'Agreeableness' was thus identified as a novel predictor of tinnitus severity on the THI...

..This study explores the effects of cerebellar repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on cerebello-thalamocortical pathways...

..It is hoped that this will contribute towards better cooperation between research centres in finding and evaluating treatments for tinnitus by allowing better comparability between studies...

..This observation suggests that Coxsackie B Virus infections might be involved in the development of some cases of tinnitus and indicate that further systematic investigations are warranted...

..Quetiapine is increasingly used for the treatment of patients with psychosis and bipolar disorder. However, the neurobiological mechanisms, which may account for the favourable risk/benefit profile of this drug, are not entirely understood...

..Our results suggest that motor cortex excitability as assessed by TMS is not sensitive to the modulatory effects of context-independent red and green light...

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..They should also contain treatment recommendations that have shown clinically highly relevant effects in case series of specific tinnitus subgroups...

..001). The newly developed coil positioning strategy may have the potential to offer a more easy-to-use stimulation approach for treating chronic tinnitus as compared with highly sophisticated, imaging guided treatment methods...

..Low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been proposed as an efficient method in treating brain hyperexcitability disorders...

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..Improvement of depressive symptoms during 20 Hz rTMS of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex was repeatedly associated with a systemic inflammatory reaction, suggesting that rTMS induced an immunomodulatory effect...

..Our results give further support to crossmodal interactions involving neuroplastic changes in some forms of tinnitus and may help to better understand mechanisms of maladaptive cortical reorganisation involved in phantom perceptions...

..Depressive symptoms are common in individuals with tinnitus and may substantially aggravate their distress. The mechanisms, however, by which depression and tinnitus mutually interact are still not fully understood...

..Tinnitus, often referred to as 'ringing in the ears', is highly prevalent. However, patients may also present with a number of other symptoms...

..A glimpse of hope is appearing in the horizon as an increasing number of pharmaceutical industries now have compounds targeting tinnitus in their pipeline...

..All other signs of cortical excitability that we studied remained unchanged. These findings suggest, that low frequency rTMS may evoke long-term depression (LTD)-like effects resulting in enhancement of subcortical inhibition...

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..However, treatment results are characterized by high interindividual variability. Therefore, the identification of predictors for treatment response is of high clinical relevance...

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..Recent studies demonstrated focal brain activation in the auditory cortex of patients with chronic tinnitus. Low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is able to reduce cortical hyperexcitability...

..PET studies that map distinct neurochemical pathways and receptors by the use of specific ligands may in the future provide new possibilities for pharmacologically based treatment of some forms of tinnitus...

..In this context, disentangling of negative and depressive symptoms is of the utmost importance when understanding specific rTMS effects on schizophrenic symptoms...

..In agreement with recent results of functional imaging, our neurophysiological findings suggest that drug-induced and naturally occurring psychosis may share a common pathway, which may base on dysfunctional glutamatergic mechanisms...

..The present article incorporates recent advancements in the field, including the epidemiology of tinnitus in subjects with neuropsychiatric illness, and highlights pilot studies of candidate genes...

..Active stimulation prolonged significantly (p < 0.001) the antidepressant effect of PSD up to 4 days. This finding indicates that rTMS is an efficacious method to prevent relapse after PSD...

..This chapter will review clinical studies using rTMS for the treatment of tinnitus...

..CONCLUSIONS: Neuronavigated rTMS of increased PAC activity may help to better understand the neuronal basis of chronic tinnitus and might offer a new option for treating auditory phantom perceptions like chronic tinnitus...

..3.) Even groups with similar clinical characteristics might differ in the underlying neurobiological changes...

..The aim of the study was to elucidate the relationship between EMF-exposure, electromagnetic hypersensitivity and tinnitus using a case-control design...

..In combination with genetic aspects, TMS is able to bridge the gap between molecular research and clinical approach...

..Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) provides an intriguing in vivo method to investigate GABA-B associated aspects of cortical inhibition, thus allowing to detect disease-related cortical inhibitory processes...

..Similarities between the results from these two groups suggest that sleep specific psychotherapeutic methods, which are established for treating insomnia, should be further developed for the use in patients with insomnia and tinnitus...

..To get further insight into these complex synesthetic phenomena, the effect of colour stimulation on auditory and somatosensory perception was systematically investigated...

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..Therefore, we have developed a new rTMS treatment strategy for tinnitus patients that consists of a combination of high-frequency prefrontal and low-frequency temporal rTMS...

..These findings suggest that neuronavigated rTMS of increased PAC activity might offer a new option for treating auditory phantom perceptions like chronic tinnitus...

..CONCLUSION: [18]-FDG-PET may be useful to identify cortical regions mediating clinical aspects of drug-induced akathisia, thereby offering a deeper insight into the pathophysiology of this serious side effect...

..Issues that are yet to be addressed include the effects of neighboring variants, e.g., in the KCTD12 gene regulatory region, plus interactions with variants of GABA(B1) and GABA(B2)...

..Main limitations of the trial are the potential influence of antipsychotic dosage changes and the difficulty to ensure adequate blinding...

..Current information suggests that the effects of SCS are mediated by a complex set of interactions at several levels of the nervous system including spinal and supraspinal mechanisms...

..g., hearing loss, tinnitus duration, age) and stimulation-related (e.g., stimulation site, stimulation protocols) factors seem to influence treatment outcome; however, their exact impact still remains to be clarified...

..Low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the temporal cortex has been proposed as a treatment for chronic tinnitus. This study determined the factors that predict a beneficial outcome with rTMS treatment...

..Here we investigated whether administration of the dopamine precursor levodopa before low-frequency rTMS enhances its efficacy in tinnitus treatment...

..Paired pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation is a feasible tool in detecting changes of motor cortex excitability induced by SSRIs...

..Successful enhancement of treatment effects will depend on a more detailed understanding of the neuronal correlates of the different forms of tinnitus and the mechanisms by which rTMS exerts its effects...

..To evaluate efficacy and safety of memantine in the treatment of tinnitus...

..The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of silence on the appearance of auditory phantom perceptions in normal-hearing adults, with specific emphasis on the influence of suggestion...

..4). While studies involving same-sex siblings are lacking, gender-specific sharing of alleles does not appear to be a consistent feature of the COMT variant investigated...

..There is a good theoretical basis and early research evidence suggesting that TMS may have treatment potential in tinnitus. Further, larger studies are necessary...