J K Krauss

..Future perspectives of DBS for treatment of dystonia include the development of new technology, the evaluation of the possible role of other targets, and carefully planned studies to further establish the role of surgery...

..The primary objective of the present study was to provide a contemporary survey on diagnostic algorithms and therapeutic decision-making in clinical practice. The secondary objective was to estimate the incidence of NPH...

..The best available treatment for delayed metastasis to the spinal column is complete tumor removal followed by postoperative radiotherapy...

..The results are briefly compared with those reported for DBS in DYT1 dystonia (Oppenheim dystonia), which is caused by the DYT1 gene...

..Larger studies are underway presently to validate the observations being made...

..Functional stereotactic surgery should be considered in patients with disabling movement disorders refractory to medical treatment...

..A 72 year old man had sustained reduction in his stump dyskinesias. Further evaluation of the possible role of the "forgotten" central and medial thalamic nuclei in the treatment of movement disorders may be warranted...

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..To rationalize the technique and reduce the costs associated with chronic deep brain stimulation of the thalamus for treatment of refractory tremor...

..Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has emerged as a useful therapeutic option for patients with insufficient benefit from conservative treatment...

..Differential clinical effects when withdrawing DBS might reflect its influence on different pathophysiological mechanisms in dystonia...

..Thus, pallidal stimulation should be recognized as a promising treatment option in patients with segmental dystonia...

..Different mechanisms were identified that are relevant for the development of AVM-related movement disorders: mass effect, diaschisis, local parenchymal altered cerebral blood flow, and hemorrhagic or ischemic structural lesions...

..Orthostatic tremor with its sense of unsteadiness when standing may have a devastating effect on affected persons. Currently, there are no other treatment options in those who do not respond or who do not tolerate medical treatment...

..CONCLUSIONS: Pallidal DBS yields major improvement of off period dystonia, cramps, and sensory symptoms in patients with advanced PD...

..No cerebellar deactivation was detected. We conclude that the mechanism responsible for suppression of parkinsonian tremor by thalamic stimulation is deactivation of thalamocortical activity...

..The aim of this work was to determine the frequency and the nature of this GPi-DBS-induced phenomenon...

..The cases of 14 patients who suffered from movement disorders secondary to craniocerebral or spinal surgery are analyzed. None of these patients was initially treated by any of the authors...

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..The benefit of stimulation has been maintained over 4 years of follow-up...

..In patients with CD refractory to conservative treatment, the appropriate timing of surgical treatment is important...

..Selective thoracic ganglionectomy is a safe and partially effective procedure in selected patients albeit there may be partial recurrence of pain. Recurrent pain may affect dermatomes that were not involved initially...

..There is growing evidence, however, that the neurosurgical learning curve has reached a plateau...

..5 in M-"on"/S-"on" and 12.5 in M-"off"/S-"on." Studies of the effects of DBS and concomitant medication may be warranted in selected patients treated by DBS for dystonia...

..Surgery in this anatomical area needs a well directed approach. In this setting, neuronavigational guidance may provide a useful tool. We report on a series of patients operated on and guided by neuronavigation...

..There were no new deficits. This technique can be used as an adjunct to other peripheral surgical procedures in patients with marked laterocollis and dystonic elevation and ante-version of the shoulder...

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..Surgical exposure, including drainage and biopsy sampling to rule out underlying tumor, combined with antibiotic treatment result in a favorable outcome...

..We conclude that pallidotomy is an effective and safe procedure in the treatment of medically intractable LID...

..Preliminary data on longterm follow-up confirm its beneficial effect in the majority of patients. Given the frequency of cervical dystonia, pallidal deep brain stimulation will play a major role in the future...

..Several questions remain to be solved including optimal programming of stimulation settings, battery drain with high stimulation energies and the elucidation of the mechanisms of DBS in dystonia...

..In this relation computer assisted surgical (CAS) guidance might be a useful tool. Here, we explored the use of CAS in an interdisciplinary setting...

..In this experimental study, the technical features and dissection qualities of the new Erbejet 2 with its new pump and nozzle applicator system are evaluated for its neurosurgical use compared to the established Helix Hydro-Jet...

..The authors conclude that the formation and regression of this 'flow-related' aneurysm was associated with hemodynamic changes in blood flow of the right PCoA and the right ICA...

..A cumulative summary of data shows that, overall, the postoperative outcome of chronic subdural haematoma has not improved substantially over the past 20 years...

..These waves may correspond to intracranial pressure changes referred to as B-waves...

..Further imaging and histological studies are needed to improve understanding of the pathophysiological aspects behind it...

..We report on the effect of multifocal deep brain stimulation for the treatment of posttraumatic peripherally-induced dystonia...

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..Because neurogenic pulmonary edema may be a rare consequence of shunt dysfunction, it is important to recognize this unusual association and provide appropriate diagnostic measures and treatment...

..In addition, the net GP drive to muscle is not stable but fluctuates across time, in keeping with the dynamic nature of dystonic muscle activity...

..However, patients' ability to successfully recharge a neurostimulation system has not yet been demonstrated...

..We report on a 46-year-old man with atlantoaxial rotatory subluxation and cranio-cervical osseous fusion secondary to cervical dystonia (CD) and concomitant ankylosing spondylitis (AS)...

..Treatment algorithms directed at the underlying movement disorder itself, taking advantage of new techniques of functional neurosurgery, combined with spinal surgery have recently been introduced and show promising results...

..There is evidence, that the CM-Pf complex might also be involved in the mediation of the beneficial effects of somatosensory thalamic stimulation and periventricular grey stimulation...

..Acute, near-fatal cerebellar swelling is a rare problem thought to be of parainfectious aetiology. Initiation by multifocal cerebellar necrosis has not been reported so far with this disorder...

..A case of juxtaposition of a purely extradural cavernous hemangioma and an intradural schwannoma in the thoracic spine is reported...

..Our study confirms that chronic unilateral DBS is a safe method with regard to cognitive function. The subtle changes in episodic memory are related to stimulation per se and not to a microthalamotomy effect...

..In the patient presented here, improvement of dystonic symptoms upon treatment with alcohol and GABAergic substances is demonstrated for the first time...

..Overall, movement disorders associated with disc surgery appear to be rare, yet they may cause significant discomfort to the affected individual...

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..This might have exposed adjacent tissue to prolonged toxic drug concentrations. Regarding the severe complications seen in these patients, it is useful to consider high-dose intravenous MTX treatment only in periventricular PCNSL...

..There were no implant-related complications in the cage group. The authors conclude that titanium cages in anterior cervical discectomy constitute a safe and efficient alternative to iliac crest bone autograft...

..Nevertheless, its routine use in patients who have previously undergone shunt placement is still not generally accepted. The authors' aim was to investigate the long-term effects of ETV in a group of prospectively chosen patients...

..However, no significant differences were found for lesion location 6 months following surgery. The findings support the hypothesis that the GPi plays a role in cognitive functioning...

..The authors compare clinical outcome and fusion rates after iliac crest autograft (ICAG)- and rectangular titanium cage (RTC)-augmented fusion in patients undergoing anterior cervical discectomy (ACD)...

..Endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) is increasingly used for the treatment of shunt-related complications in hydrocephalic patients, particularly if the etiology of the underlying hydrocephalus is of obstructive nature...

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..CONCLUSIONS: The authors conclude that the use of titanium cages in anterior cervical discectomy constitutes a safe and efficient alternative to iliac crest bone autograft...

..To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report on successful treatment of propriospinal myoclonus by spinal disc surgery...

..Compared with pallidotomy, the advantages of pallidal DBS lie in its reversibility and the option to perform bilateral surgery in one session. Comparative studies in which DBS is applied to other targets are needed...

..Cardiac pacemakers should not be viewed as a general contraindication for DBS in patients with movement disorders...

..We conclude that untreated and treated Parkinson's disease and dystonia are characterized by different spatiotemporal patterns of activity in the human pallidum...

..Moreover, the results provide further support for functional distinctions between BG oscillatory activities of different frequency...

..The object of this study was to investigate the impact of surgical treatment on tremor caused by posterior fossa tumors...

..The use of the waterjet device in selected endoscopic procedures appears safe, and may help reduce intraoperative bleeding. However, further studies are needed to confirm the utility of the waterjet tool in endoscopy...

..However, its expression is unspecific and will increase after surgery. Without normative data on its regular course after craniotomy, postoperative infection can barely be detected or excluded...

..Via a pterional approach microsurgical removal of the tumor except for a remnant of the intracavernous part was performed. CONCLUSION: Hemodynamic connection between cutaneous, retinal, and intracranial hemangiomas should be considered...

..Catheterization of narrow ventricles may prove difficult resulting in misplacement or inefficient trials with potential damage to brain tissue...

..This is the first reported case of ependymoma in a patient with LDD and CD. Coexistence of an intraspinal ependymoma with cerebellar LDD and CS appears to be rare, but can lead to treatment failure if missed...

..The usefulness of a technique for surgical simulation of frontoorbital advancement is demonstrated here in a child with metopic synostosis...

..After evacuation of the gas, her pain resolved. Postoperative intraspinal gas may be symptomatic in the rare case...

..There are several lessons to be learned from review of earlier experience. Contemporary techniques have led to a significant improvement in the benefit to risk ratio, in particular regarding bilateral surgery...

..A prospective study was initiated to investigate long-term outcome in patients with neuropathic pain of the lower extremities or groin who were treated with selective nerve root stimulation...