Elmar Hellwig

..In older adults, evidence-based therapy options for treatment of erosions, abrasions, and root caries are lacking. For seniors needing general care, preventive and restorative concepts should be established...

..It is concluded that it is possible to remineralize initial carious lesions in deciduous enamel in a similar way as it has been described for enamel of permanent teeth...

..To determine the formation and dissolution of calcium fluoride on the enamel surface after application of two fluoride gel-saliva mixtures...

..The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of bleaching on the elution of monomers from two modern composite materials...

..increased among the children. Poor oral hygiene and change of diet lead to an increase in oral plaque and gingival inflammation. The inter-individual comparison indicated a shift in bacterial composition...

..To evaluate remineralization and fluoride uptake of demineralized enamel specimens in artificial interproximal spaces using a 250 ppm fluoride mouthrinse (100 ppm amine fluoride and 150 ppm sodium fluoride) compared to a placebo-mouthrinse...

..Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that bleaching with 38% hydrogen peroxide and 15% carbamide peroxide did not cause major surface texture changes on the polished surfaces of the restorative materials...

..The biofilm model enabled the examination of undisturbed oral biofilm formation influenced by antibacterial components under clinical conditions...

..The present study focused on initial microbial adhesion to different endodontic filling materials...

..The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the clinical performance of the restorative material Ceram.X in combination with an experimental one-bottle etch-and-rinse adhesive (K-0127)...

..To compare the shaping ability and safety of engine-driven FlexMaster, GT Rotary, ProFile, ProTaper, and RaCe rotary instrumentation and Hedström hand instrumentation in simulated root canals...

..The present study showed that ormocer released a very small amount of monomers compared with the other materials...

..In conclusion, the presence of E. faecalis in root canals may negatively affect periapical new bone formation, and thus, the healing of periapical lesions...

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..The ionic form of the fluoride in toothpastes appears to be critical for increased fluoride uptake. The acidic components of the AmF toothpaste improved fluoride uptake compared to alkaline NaF toothpastes...

..5% fluoride fluid. For both fluoride fluids mineral gain followed a linear relationship with time during the experimental period, indicating a possible further uptake of mineral, even after 4 wk...

..In conclusion, FISH is an appropriate method for quantifying initial biofilm formation in situ, and the proportion of streptococci increases during the first 12 h of bacterial adherence...

..The aim of this study was to examine whether Enterococcus faecalis isolates from endodontic patients (from saliva and from a root canal) are able to prevail against salivary bacteria when grown in coculture in a biofilm reactor...

..To date, enterococci have been considered to be only transiently present in the oral cavity. The aim of this study was to examine whether different enterococci from food are able to reside in oral biofilm...

..To evaluate the effect of casein phosphopeptides (CPP) and amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), as an adjunct to average oral hygiene, on the fluorescence of initial carious fissures and pits in vivo...

..05). No significant difference (p = 0.055) was noticed among the three groups regarding microhardness after bleaching...

..The adhesion of the resin based core materials to the fiber posts is influenced by the post design and core materials. The combination of core materials with the type of fiber post has a great influence on the tensile bond strength...

..To evaluate the release of monomers from four different composite materials (Ceram X, Filtek Supreme XT, Tetric Flow, Tetric EvoCeram), polymerized using either halogen or LED unit...

..In all teeth with Parvimonas micra and Dialister invisus, F. nucleatum and S. moorei were found. Moreover, members of additional different genera were detected delivering bacterial compositions that have been not described yet...

..This randomized clinical trial compared the ability of two dentifrices, one containing 5000 ppm fluoride (Duraphat) and the other 1450 ppm fluoride (Caries Protection, control) to reverse non-cavitated fissure carious lesions...

..The purpose of this cross-over, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised in situ study was to evaluate the remineralisation of demineralised enamel specimens using a CHX/NaF mouthrinse in comparison with a CHX- and a placebo-mouthrinse...

..To compare in vitro the remineralizing effects of different regular dentifrices and whitening dentifrices (containing pyrophosphates) on predemineralized enamel...

..Sodium benzoate (SB), potassium sorbate (PS) and sodium nitrite (SN) are commonly used food preservatives. In this in vitro study, the effects of these substances on biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans were analysed...

..The aim of this double-blind, randomised cross-over study was to compare the antibacterial effect and the substantivity of two toothpaste formulations containing amine fluoride (AmF) or zinc chloride (ZnCl2)...

..With regard to the type of sensitivity, no patients reported sensitivity to sweet/sour; most of them described their sensitivity as sharp/dull...

..Both methods yielded differing results, emphasizing the benefit of combined methods for the detection of the actual microbial diversity in apical periodontitis...

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..The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the elution of monomers from three different core build-up composite materials and correlate it with the degree of conversion...

..The fact that the same name is given to different molecules causes confusion about the results of studies testing the elusion of monomers from composite materials and their possible toxicity...

..85 (Whitestrips). The most accepted method was the at-home bleaching technique. None of the teeth studied showed detectable enamel surface changes in the subsequent SEM analysis using 200x and 2000x magnification...

..2%) compared with water on in situ biofilm growth...

..In this in vitro study all three techniques studied resulted in the desired tooth whitening within the recommended application time periods, and none of the three products tested created any detectable enamel surface changes...

..To evaluate the clinical results of final-year dental students' clinical performance after a practical computer-based course and training in the new Cerec 3 method...

..0001). Both translucent materials achieved microhardness values equal to the 80% of the surface values, in depths 3.5-5.5 mm, depending on the curing units used...

..The aim of this study was to determine the elution of monomers of two conventional resin composite materials after different polymerization and storage times...

..and F. nucleatum. The multiplex FISH used is suitable for analysing the dynamics of four important bacterial constituents in the oral biofilm in epidemiological studies...

..Peroxidase is the main salivary antioxidant. The aim of the present study was to detect and to characterise peroxidase in the in situ enamel pellicle...

..e. levels of total RNA and induction of apoptosis compared to a methacrylate-based material...

..It seems to be reasonable to restrict the contact period between saliva and bone...

..This taxon is a new entry to the list of more than 200 microbial species detected in infected root canal systems...

..The aim of the present review was to provide an overview of the advantages and disadvantages of different methods for visualization of adherent bacteria with a special focus on the experiences gained in dental research...

..Commercial gutta-percha showed the highest shrinkage (1.1%/5 degrees C) in the range of 55 degrees C to 40 degrees C. Overall, shrinkage of all types of gutta-percha was higher than could be assumed from former studies...

..To evaluate the degree of cure (%DC) of four self-etching, self-adhesive resin cements, and one conventional resin cement, in their self- and dual-curing mode...

..The gradual reduction led to a fast recovery of the bony defect and a root canal filling was placed. The 2-year follow-up showed an improved condition. All adjacent teeth remained vital during the course of the treatment...

..This study intended to compare the effectiveness of hand files and FlexMaster, ProTaper, and RaCe rotary instruments for removing gutta-percha in curved root canals during retreatment...

..mutans with regards to its role as the most prevalent causative agent of dental caries...

..05). One RaCe file, two ProTaper, and two FlexMaster instruments separated. RaCe cleaned obturated canals more effectively than hand files and FlexMaster files...

..The authors conducted an in vitro study to evaluate the effect of an at-home bleaching product on the microhardness of six restorative materials under different surface treatments...

..05). There were, however, no significant differences between the groups. Moreover both methods showed similar results. Thus, the results support a significant "whitening" effect of all three dentifrices...

..It may be concluded that proper root canal preparation and irrigation using NaOCl and EDTA are sufficient for decontamination of the root canal system during endodontic retreatment...

..The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of the in-office bleaching technique on the microhardness of six dental esthetic restorative materials...

..The combination of fiber post systems with the type of resin cement has a great influence on the tensile bond strength...

..This Review focuses on the multifactorial causes of so-called radiation caries and presents possible treatment strategies to avoid loss of dentition...

..The purpose of this clinical cross-over study was to examine the antibacterial and plaque-inhibiting properties of two chlorhexidine solutions compared with a negative control...

..Artificial teeth can be removed for visualization and replaced for further endodontic exercises...