Rainer Hambrecht

..CONCLUSIONS: In patients with advanced CHF (NYHA class III), long-term exercise training is associated with an enhanced physical work capacity, an improvement in stroke volume and a reduction in cardiomegaly...

..We sought to assess the role of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in muscle wasting in chronic heart failure (CHF), serum concentrations and local muscular IGF-I expression were determined in patients with severe CHF...

..INOS-derived NO can inhibit oxidative phosphorylation and contribute to skeletal muscle dysfunction in CHF...

..Training programs for patients with chronic cardiac insufficiency today represent an established auxiliary therapy for CCI with prognostic relevance...

..Ultimately, the goal is to reduce the substantial morbidity among elderly CHF patients which constitute 79 % of all hospital admissions for heart failure...

..Chronic heart failure (CHF) is associated with progressive muscle atrophy and reduced local expression of insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I)...

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..Considering the growing body of evidence in favor of sport as a therapy, training interventions should be considered additional/alternative therapeutic strategies as compared with established pharmacological/interventional options...

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..Although exercise training offers no causal treatment of CHF, it has great potentials as an adjunct therapy directed at improving exercise tolerance and expanding the physical limits of CHF patients...

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..These local anti-inflammatory effects of exercise may attenuate the catabolic wasting process associated with the progression of CHF...

..The aim of this study was to assess the role of acute ischemia for EPC mobilization in patients with peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD) and in healthy volunteers...

..Moreover, it remains unknown whether exercise training augments the activity of these enzymes in CHF...

..We therefore assessed DD in a cohort of referent controls (RCs) and HFREF patients and studied the response of DD to endurance exercise in two age groups (≤55 years and ≥65 years)...

..Therefore, the aim of the present study was to analyze possible mechanisms leading to the reduction of CPC amount and function...

..However, ischemic and subischemic ET programs affect CXCR4 expression of CPCs, which might lead to an improved CPC integration into endothelial networks...

..Hence, intracoronary transplantation of CPCs after recanalization of CTO results in an improvement of macro- and microvascular function and contributes to the recruitment of hibernating myocardium...

..These results suggest that in patients with CHF, factors other than oxidative stress (eg, cytokines) contribute to the pathologic endothelial function...

..However, acetylcholine-induced increases in CBF were lower after home-based ET, suggesting a relation between daily training duration and improvement of coronary vasomotion...

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..The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in myocardial stress perfusion after 1 year of exercise training in comparison with the effects of PTCA in patients with CAD...

..Exercise training (ET) exhibits great potential to attenuate the development of muscle atrophy and cardiac remodeling. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of ET on myocardial expression of Murf-1 and MAFbx...

..In animal studies it has been demonstrated that myostatin, a key regulator of skeletal muscle mass, is elevated in advanced stages of this syndrome...

..7 arbitrary units) mRNA expression. CONCLUSIONS: ET reduces vascular expression of NAD(P)H oxidase and AT1-R, resulting in decreased local ROS generation. These molecular effects converge in a reduced Ang II-mediated vasoconstriction...

..Long-term follow-up data are sparse...

..Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the pleiotropic effects of rosuvastatin on vascular and tissue regeneration, its impact on endothelial function and hemodynamics in CHF...

..Only the promoter polymorphism might have an adverse effect on training-induced improvement in endothelial function...

..Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) is an excellent tool for serial assessment of underlying structural changes in perfusion, left ventricular function, and infarct size...

..However, evidence is based mainly on registry data, and there is a paucity of randomized clinical trials...

..In this review, the effects of exercise in aging and in CHF are compared and the parallel mechanisms are explored...

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..CONCLUSION: These preliminary data in a small series of patients with CLI without surgical or interventional options indicate that CPC application is safe, feasible, and may improve both functional and clinical indices...

..A newly developed percutaneous left ventricular assist device (VAD) (Tandem Heart, Cardiac Assist, Pittsburgh, PA, USA) with active circulatory support might have positive haemodynamic effects and decrease mortality...

..So far, few data are available addressing the effect of stent design on this crucial variable and on early and late adverse events after stent implantation...

..The aim of this multicentre trial was to assess whether an immediate invasive approach is superior to an early invasive or a selective invasive approach with respect to reduction of large infarction...

..Mice that lack both the transcription factor MyoD and dystrophin display a more pronounced myopathic phenotype when compared with mdx mice. No data on skeletal muscle function and the impact of exercise training are available...

..However, the safety and efficacy of intracoronary versus standard intravenous bolus application in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing this intervention has not been tested in a large-scale clinical trial...

..The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of a marathon race on the amount of circulating progenitor cells immediately after the race in advanced-aged runners...

..Given the prognostic value of endothelial function further studies are necessary to elucidate whether the ET-induced correction of vasomotion is the key mechanism responsible for the decline in mortality in patients with CVD...

..The aim of this study was to investigate morphological, functional and electromyographical parameters of the skeletal muscle in CHF...

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..However, it is unknown whether the E3-ubiquitin ligases MAFbx and Murf-1 are involved in this remodeling process and whether their expression is regulated by TNF-alpha...

..Regular exercise training is a nonpharmacological option to improve endothelial dysfunction in patients with cardiovascular disease by increasing NO bioavailability...

..The upregulation of PP2A, an important regulator in intracellular signaling and apoptosis, may be due to an increase of inflammatory cytokines...

..Most importantly, patients should enjoy the proposed kind of physical exercise...

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..In concert, these beneficial effects of exercise training may help to retard the catabolic process in CHF finally leading to cardiac cachexia and death...

..In patients who can be stabilized or remain stable, there is no habituation to the effects of the intra-aortic balloon pump; thus, later surgical closure of the ventricular septal defect might be possible in some patients...

..The aim of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of acute and chronic infarct size (IS) by delayed enhancement (DE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)...

..Oversizing of stents is no longer necessary with an adequate dosage of ticlopidine and aspirin...

..The aim of this study was to analyze whether a maximal stress test in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) increases the number of circulating EPCs...

..The aim of this study was to assess whether NF-kappaB is activated in skeletal muscle of patients with CHF and linked to the expression of iNOS...

..The hypothesis of this trial is that abciximab bolus intracoronary in comparison to standard intravenous application will improve the outcome of patients undergoing primary PCI in STEMI...

..In vitro studies, using different cell types, suggest that inflammatory cytokines are potential triggers to induce iNOS expression...

..The hypothesis of this trial is that IABP in addition to early revascularization by either percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary artery bypass grafting will improve clinical outcome of patients in cardiogenic shock...

..Stenting yields excellent short-term results with fewer periprocedural adverse events, but surgery is superior with regard to the need for repeated intervention in the target vessel and freedom from angina at six months of follow-up...

..Percutaneous aortic valve implantation has been performed in patients with severe aortic stenosis judged as nonsurgical candidates. We evaluated a facilitated transapical antegrade approach for potential use in surgical high-risk patients...

..63, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In hyperuricemic CHF patients, XO inhibition with allopurinol improves peripheral vasodilator capacity and blood flow both locally and systemically...

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..An example of a cardiopulmonary summary exercise test data report will be provided, defining the most important information that should be incorporated in a final report...

..Pilot trials suggest that the intracoronary administration of autologous progenitor cells may improve left ventricular function after acute myocardial infarction...

..The predictive value of modern imaging- and non-imaging-based markers of risk that can be used for risk stratification in masters endurance athletes still deserves exploration...

..To investigate the clinical outcome after intracoronary administration of autologous progenitor cells in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI)...

..Based on these observations, it appears reasonable to assume that exercise training can be viewed as an effective antioxidant and antiatherogenic therapy...