Matthias C Angermeyer

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..We evaluate whether a group intervention program for spouses of patients with depression does improve participants' depressive and anxiety symptoms...

..The question arises as to what extent the increasing interest in stigma has stimulated research in this area...

..Psychiatry and Sociology have followed separate avenues in Germany since the mid 1970 s. The aim of this work is to investigate their present relationship by means of an analysis of a scientific journal...

..Furthermore, it will be examined whether the preexisting differences between East and West Germany can still be observed...

..Up until now, however, research is short of studies that investigate both aspects of subjective stigmatization simultaneously...

..In this study, we will examine whether this result can be replicated in other countries...

..The long-term goal is to integrate mental health/illness into the school curriculum...

..Citizens of Novosibirsk were questioned regarding their ideas about schizophrenia and depressive disorders, with one of the main concerns being a comparison with the ideas and attitudes of the German population...

..The paper is aimed at investigating what the actual topics of social-psychiatric research in German speaking countries are...

..The goal of this study is to investigate the stigma of mental illness from the perspective of the persons directly affected by it...

..This study provides an overview of the research on subjective stigmatization of mentally ill people...

..The aim of this study was to examine whether public attitudes have improved over the last decade or not...

..Finally, using the association "Irrsinnig menschlich" ("Madly human") in Leipzig as an example, approaches to reduce discrimination of mentally ill people will be presented...

..While there are various approaches to working with relatives, there are hardly any specific programmes for working with certain groups of relatives such as spouses, children or siblings...

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..About one fourth of the respondents in both groups showed a high degree of burnout. Professional and nonprofessional caregivers face a similar degree of burden and need support to perform their caretaking tasks...

..To explore to what extent the lay public knows that the term bipolar disorder denotes a mental disorder...

..Spouses of people with mental disorder experience various forms of objective and subjective burden. This should negatively affect their quality of life. However, until now no single study has addressed this question...

..While the desire for social distance was best predicted by these two stereotype components, holding the individual responsible for the illness was the most powerful predictor of the acceptance of structural discrimination...

..Since, obviously, there is a relationship between media consumption and attitudes towards people with schizophrenia, inaccurate and one-sided messages about mental disorders should be replaced by accurate and more balanced messages...

..Using Link and Phelan's concept of the stigma process, public attitudes towards people with schizophrenia are examined...

..It is a widely shared belief that an increase in mental health literacy will result in an improvement of attitudes towards people with mental illness...

..In addition, important advances in the treatment of mental disorders took place. The question arises as to whether these improvements were accompanied by a greater acceptance of psychiatric treatment by the public...

..Little research, however, has been done to explore how relatives of people with schizophrenia perceive and experience stigmatization and how they can fight such stigmatization...

..However, recent studies suggest that considerable differences exist between the various disorders. Therefore, we set out to examine similarities and differences of the public's conceptions of schizophrenia and major depression...

..The present paper critically reviews the different constructs of mild cognitive impairment on the basis of the available empirical evidence...

..While there are some indications that the mental health literacy of the public has improved within recent years, the findings concerning its attitudes towards the mentally ill are quite inconsistent...

..This study aims at outlining the development of social-psychiatric research in German-speaking countries between 1975 and 2001...

..Although mild cognitive impairment is associated with an increased risk of developing dementia, there has been little work on its incidence and prevalence...

..Stimulated by Finzen's critical appraisal of the actual situation of social psychiatric research in Germany an analysis of recent publications of German authors on social psychiatric topics was carried out...

..The early recognition of dementia assumes increasing importance. Lay beliefs on the causes of loss of memory play a major part in this regard as they have shown to determine help-seeking behaviour...

..Aim of the study is to examine the impact of labelling on public attitudes towards people with schizophrenia and major depression...

..This paper compares the prevalences and predictive validities for different concepts in a population-based study. The aim was to identify a concept with the best relation of sensitivity and specificity in the prediction of dementia...

..To analyze the impact of a capitated multi-sector-financing model for psychiatric care (RPB) on costs and effectiveness of care...

..We aimed to determine gender-specific predictors of NHA...

..However, changes in individual's characteristics and circumstances did not relate as strongly as expected to changes in QoL, suggesting effective intervention may be difficult...

..The results demonstrated that in European countries using a fully structured and standardized interview based on European-American diagnostic concepts leads to similar results with regard to depressive symptom patterns...

..Social isolation is associated with poor prognosis in schizophrenia. We aim to determine the effect of rural or urban residence on frequency of social and family contacts...

..It is not known whether these costs (i) differ between GP-recognized and -unrecognized depressed individuals, and (ii) differ between these groups and non-depressed individuals...

..Subjective memory impairment (SMI) is receiving increasing attention as a pre-mild cognitive impairment (MCI) condition in the course of the clinical manifestation of Alzheimer disease (AD)...

..To quantify and compare the resource consumption and direct costs of medical mental health care of patients suffering from schizophrenia in France, Germany and the United Kingdom...

..The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare different valuation methods for population health status measured by the EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D) in three European countries...

..The EQ-5D questionnaire is an instrument for describing and valuing health states...

..This study examines longitudinal depression and anxiety rates in disc surgery patients in comparison to the general population, the change and associated determinants of depression and anxiety over time...

..Due to the fact that the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) is widely used to screen for dementia, it is questionable whether it is suited to screen for MCI...

..Strategies successful in reducing individual discrimination are thus not necessarily suitable for combating structural discrimination and need to be tailored to their specific target...

..We aim to elicit how far the public has incorporated Freudian theory in its understanding of mental illness in different countries, focussing on the unconscious conflict as a possible cause of mental disorders...

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..This study examines the effectiveness of a nursing home staff training program designed to improve the interaction between residents with dementia and their caregivers...

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..The study participants had a mean age of 80.2 years (SD=3.6); thus, this report provides reliable reference values for the neuropsychological diagnosis of dementia in older age groups...

..Individuals with anxiety disorders often do not receive an accurate diagnosis or adequate treatment in primary care...

..This study aimed to investigate whether mortality is higher for individuals suffering from Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI)...

..This study aimed to analyze the responsiveness of EQ-5D-based utilities in patients with alcohol dependence...

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..Aim of this study is the documentation of illness-associated costs for spouses, whose relative is suffering from a mental illness...

..The results suggest that parents of continuously and severely affected patients are overloaded with their long-term caring tasks. Particularly for these extremely strained parents, practical and psychologic assistance should be provided...

..This study aims to determine the effect of depression on direct costs of the advanced elderly in Germany from a societal perspective...

..This study aimed at investigating how caregivers of schizophrenic patients perceive the contact with mental health professionals and which are the key factors for their satisfaction or dissatisfaction...

..Patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are troubled by repeated obsessions and/or compulsions, which seem senseless and frequently repugnant...

..Several studies have investigated the pathway to psychiatric care. There are no results available for OCD...

..50<AUC<0.58). CONCLUSIONS: Although focusing on physical problems, the EQ-5D seems to have reasonable discriminative ability and construct validity, but very low sensitivity to change...

..The question arises as to whether patients with schizophrenia and their relatives in the eastern part of Germany (former German Democratic Republic) share these beliefs...

..Concealing is a relevant strategy for the members in dealing with the illness. DISCUSSION: Stigmatization can be minimized by impartially handling the illness and cooperation of patients, their relevant others and professionals...

..Hence, whereas those confidently naming causes or treatment options for schizophrenia favored professional medical treatment more than previously found, overall knowledge about schizophrenia has thus far been overestimated...

..The consequences for conceptualisations of stigma and the development of effective strategies to reduce stigma and discrimination because of schizophrenia are discussed...

..DISCUSSION: Family members try to support patients in dealing with the illness. Therefore, different strategies to cope with OCD are developed, ranging between assisting in rituals and opposition to the symptoms...

..Studies relying on prevalent cases and clinical samples tend to overestimate mortality and propose course-modifying factors that are challenged by studies relying on incident cases...

..CONCLUSIONS: Further qualitative analyses should identify reasons for heavy users to utilize inpatient services and find out other opportunities of care for these patients...

..CONCLUSION: Psychiatric patients' partners are at a high risk of developing a depressive disorder. It appears necessary to develop special interventions for spouses reducing stress and the risk of getting depressed...

..The festival was on tour in more than 70 cities. The aim of the festival was to give the topic mental illness a podium, to inform and to entertain...

..Targeting the stereotype of unpredictability and dangerousness appears to be particularly important...

..CONCLUSIONS: Our findings fully support the notion that approaches to social change which increase the public's familiarity with mental illness will decrease stigma...

..Patients' views of the helping alliance and attitudes toward drugs should be considered in predicting compliance with antipsychotic medication...

..However, it is unknown whether change norms (Reliable Change Indices, RCIs) of the MMSE total score are suitable to predict future dementia...

..One important step towards an early diagnosis and treatment of dementia is the recognition and understanding of disease by the public...

..A majority of the population regards unconscious conflict as a possible cause for depression or schizophrenia. We examine to what extent people associate psychoanalytical concepts with this term...

..There are indications of a link between right-wing extremist orientation and attitudes towards people with mental illnesses. Social distance is used to investigate this...

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..This is the first paper to analyse historical changes and trends in psychiatric reports in one German daily newspaper...

..CONCLUSIONS: Heavy users should be identified early, in order to offer them alternative services, which better fulfil the patients specific conditions and prevent an inadequate heavy use of expensive services...

..The history of names for psychiatric institutions reflects both changes in the treatment of the mentally ill and the attempts made above all by psychiatrists to face and overcome stigmatisation of their clients...

..Many investigations have described the coping strategies of relatives of patients with schizophrenia, depression and other psychiatric disorders, but there have been no studies reported about coping strategies and OCD...

..We hypothesize on those cultural particularities in both countries that have shaped the different public understanding of the term and discuss implications for anti-stigma interventions...

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..The aim of the study is to examine to what extent the public is willing to allocate financial resources to the care of people with mental disorders...

..0 to 1.9. However, only few studies are available, and a comparison of the literature is problematic, due to variations in criteria and methodology...

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..Many people suffering from serious mental illness do not seek appropriate medical help. The stigma of mental illness has often been considered a potential cause for reluctance in seeking help. We review recent evidence on this topic...

..Telephone interviews can be an accurate data collection method for calculating mean total costs in mental health care. In the future more standardization is needed...

..However, transformation may cause difficulties in the interpretation of regression coefficients and the retransformation of predicted values...

..Therefore the suitability of such indices for mental health and non-mental health conditions was analysed and their ability to detect effects of medical interventions was examined...

..Currently, substantial effort is made to establish prevention as one of the main parts of the German health care system. In this context we investigated the current role of prevention in social-psychiatric research...

..To provide age- and gender-specific incidence rates of MCI among elderly general practitioner (GP) patients (75+ years) and to identify risk factors for incident MCI...

..Studies of conversion from mild cognitive impairment to dementia suggest a linear progression over time. Conversion rates during lifetime may extend to 80-90%...

..The results provide the opportunity to estimate the influence of the extracted factors on mental disorders in different countries. The application of the short form of the PBI seems suitable primarily for large epidemiological studies...

..Supportive assistance for schizophrenic patients' caregivers should address their particular needs more adequately...

..Patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) not only suffer from obsessive-compulsive symptoms, but also the disorder is associated with impaired social functioning, which impact their everyday life negatively...