W Timmermann

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..The stoma should be placed in a lower quadrant of the abdomen through the rectus muscle below the umbilicus to be cared for properly. The support of an enterostomy therapist may be helpful for the patient...

..The split tolerance revealed by our in vivo and in vitro results enabled acceptance of both the small bowel allograft without signs of chronic rejection and of donor-specific heart allografts...

..It seems that the coexistence of donor cells with infiltrating recipient cells within liver grafts, termed intrahepatic cell chimerism, is characteristic for tolerated liver allografts...

..In contrast to other LSBTx rat models, these results reflect observations after human LSBTx, in which the rate of acute and chronic rejection is also significantly lower than after human SBTx...

..The persistent coexistence of donor and recipient cells within the liver allograft (intrahepatic chimerism) appears to be characteristic and may be important for long-term acceptance...

..The aim of this study was to investigate whether apoptosis may play a role in T-cell regulation during rejection and subsequent tolerance induction after liver transplantation (LTx) and combined liver/small bowel transplantation (LSBTx)...

..These results indicate that immunogenicity of rat parathyroid tissue might be determined by the amount of MHC class I expressed in donor parenchymal cells. Further experiments are necessary to validate this observation...

..The initiation of T-cell apoptosis is one possible explanation for the specific immunosuppressive effect of the liver allograft, which also supports the simultaneously transplanted small bowel allograft in our model...

..However, the kinetics of the detected donor APC population in the liver suggests their important role in modifying the recipient's immune response towards tolerance...

..Microchimerism apparently plays no significant role in either transplantation model. The number of sinusoidal donor leukocytes, however, mirrors closely host immune responses...

..We investigated the influence of donor MHC antigen expression on graft survival after parathyroid transplantation in three different strain combinations...

..We compared the response to short-term immunosuppression of parathyroid gland transplants possessing few passenger leukocytes with that of passenger leukocyte-rich small bowel transplants...

..In the case of metastasis, therapeutic nihilism no longer seems justified with the availability of imatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which shows encouraging results in the therapy of metastatic GIST...

..The new concept of tumor specific antibody therapy with a monoclonal antibody is discussed as an effective treatment especially to fight disseminated tumor cells and thus might help to improve the outcome in stomach cancer...

..The question is whether IONM can be used in paediatric surgery for the identification and functional control of the RLN and the EBSLN, and what the advantages and disadvantages of using it are...

..Because there is a potential for malignant transformation, the existence of clinical symptoms and continuing growth are indications for resection...

..SPTP occur typically in young women or in children and are for most of benign behavior. In about 5 % a malignant course with occurrence of metastases can develop...

..As there is a possibility of malignant degeneration, we propose the decision for surgical removal once there are clinical symptoms and a growth tendency of the lesion...

..If the neuromonitoring signal changed during operation, 39% of the patients suffered from transient vocal cord immobility and 12% had permanent loss of vocal cord function...

..The use of these methods to identify the nature of postoperative recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy is recommended in cases of regular intraoperative neuromonitoring but postoperatively impaired function of the vocal cords...

..Nevertheless, a systematic evidence-based assessment of this novel health technology has not been performed...

..Neuromonitoring proofed to be a reliable method to identify the nerve, which is an important element in concepts to prevent its injury...

..Possible reasons for the misinterpretation of the intraoperative signal and a critical reflection on the possibilities and predictive values of neuromonitoring will be discussed...

..In 80% of cases apoptosis induction could be demonstrated in the tumors. The only side effect of the SC-1 therapy was a reversible episode of fever during antibody infusion in 8% of our patients...

..Since sensitivity of localisation diagnostics is low with regard to multiglandular disease, parathyroid hormone should be monitored intraoperatively whenever minimal invasive operative procedures are performed...